Meta tags:
Headings (most frequently used words):
and, english, syntax, language, varieties, old, of, modern, asia, phrases, verbs, verb, word, contents, classification, history, geographical, distribution, dialects, accents, phonology, orthography, grammar, vocabulary, see, also, references, external, links, proto, germanic, to, influence, norse, middle, early, spread, three, circles, model, pluricentric, as, global, britain, ireland, north, america, australia, new, zealand, southeast, africa, the, caribbean, south, non, native, consonants, vowels, phonotactics, stress, rhythm, intonation, regional, variation, nouns, noun, formation, processes, origins, loans, in, other, languages, bibliography, adjectives, determiners, pronouns, case, person, prepositions, tense, aspect, mood, phrasal, adverbs, basic, constituent, order, clause, auxiliary, constructions, questions, discourse, level,
Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (1177), #english (684), and (634), #language (268), from (169), are (151), with (150), isbn (136), 978 (132), for (124), that (110), 2006 (103), languages (88), verb (72), original (71), archived (69), old (68), university (68), new (66), american (66), press (66), most (66), has (64), such (63), which (62), retrieved (61), dialects (60), other (59), have (59), doi (58), germanic (55), example (55), official (54), they (54), standard (53), world (52), 2002 (52), use (51), varieties (51), used (51), word (51), words (50), 044854 (50), not (49), 2015 (49), many (48), international (47), south (47), cambridge (47), vowel (46), vowels (45), also (44), was (43), modern (43), form (41), can (41), middle (40), but (40), spoken (40), speakers (40), german (39), linguistics (39), verbs (39), more (38), some (38), first (37), between (37), west (37), yes (37), british (36), united (36), pdf (36), one (36), noun (36), non (35), where (35), its (35), case (35), dictionary (34), oxford (34), north (34), forms (34), accents (34), huddleston (34), history (33), accent (33), countries (32), vocabulary (32), only (32), pullum (32), subject (31), native (31), 2010 (31), this (30), into (30), person (30), french (29), than (29), zealand (29), encyclopedia (29), frisian (29), trudgill (29), main (29), nouns (29), pronouns (29), states (28), man (28), often (28), auxiliary (28), 1016 (27), 2012 (27), there (27), ireland (26), their (26), grammar (26), pronunciation (26), singular (26), century (25), anglo (25), saxon (25), early (25), latin (25), england (25), 1982 (25), eds (25), second (25), you (24), east (24), 521 (24), phrases (24), been (24), through (24), clause (24), articles (23), northern (23), africa (23), african (23), pronounced (23), april (23), influence (23), order (23), were (23), may (22), february (22), southern (22), norse (22), spelling (22), december (22), 1992 (22), sentence (22), speaking (21), european (21), dialect (21), low (21), had (21), syllable (21), written (20), australia (20), australian (20), 2011 (20), march (20), 2007 (20), including (20), all (19), 2014 (19), islands (19), 1999 (19), well (19), hogg (19), crystal (19), both (19), phrase (19), plural (19), number (18), majority (18), third (18), variation (18), country (18), phonology (18), john (18), 2008 (18), per (18), cent (18), like (18), object (17), canada (17), based (17), changes (17), norman (17), around (17), 2013 (17), grammatical (17), when (17), clauses (17), class (17), him (17), constructions (17), national (16), canadian (16), shift (16), hannah (16), 2009 (16), david (16), spread (16), syntax (16), while (16), during (16), adjectives (16), developed (16), statistics (15), using (15), historical (15), population (15), regional (15), present (15), high (15), scots (15), introduction (15), november (15), routledge (15), 2019 (15), them (15), known (15), wikipedia (14), 2016 (14), stress (14), features (14), consonant (14), dutch (14), linguistic (14), vol (14), 1994 (14), august (14), global (14), what (14), two (14), these (14), who (14), being (14), about (13), 2024 (13), india (13), central (13), irish (13), london (13), consonants (13), alphabet (13), richard (13), 2nd (13), romaine (13), lass (13), könig (13), phonetic (13), end (13), each (13), different (13), system (13), time (13), pronoun (13), found (13), woman (13), inflected (13), rhotic (13), syllables (13), long (12), asia (12), great (12), sound (12), how (12), 1017 (12), leech (12), 2003 (12), level (12), 2004 (12), september (12), status (12), today (12), widely (12), see (12), become (12), million (12), include (12), letters (12), kingdom (11), writing (11), indo (11), strong (11), proto (11), speech (11), britain (11), before (11), change (11), bailey (11), any (11), october (11), handbook (11), cases (11), 1996 (11), phonemes (11), possessive (11), speak (11), variety (11), over (11), past (11), three (11), after (11), local (11), january (10), july (10), short (10), nations (10), preterite (10), general (10), caribbean (10), scotland (10), 2022 (10), thomas (10), studies (10), another (10), scientific (10), does (10), denison (10), foreign (10), did (10), education (10), still (10), loanwords (10), particularly (10), without (10), constituent (10), girl (10), her (10), meaning (10), those (10), inflectional (10), voiceless (10), toggle (9), june (9), 2023 (9), plain (9), 2021 (9), lingua (9), webster (9), contemporary (9), franconian (9), midlands (9), rhoticity (9), clusters (9), 2025 (9), working (9), peter (9), görlach (9), since (9), 2018 (9), 2001 (9), discourse (9), function (9), position (9), association (9), period (9), objective (9), article (9), common (9), relative (9), among (9), very (9), sentences (9), within (9), either (9), preposition (9), questions (9), prepositional (9), follows (9), tense (9), subordinate (9), prepositions (9), determiners (9), few (9), stressed (9), regions (9), table (8), text (8), organization (8), page (8), containing (8), links (8), ipa (8), media (8), territories (8), law (8), sea (8), danish (8), york (8), america (8), phonological (8), wells (8), blackwell (8), know (8), manfred (8), science (8), situation (8), communication (8), aviation (8), future (8), phrasal (8), brinton (8), classes (8), subjective (8), government (8), instead (8), single (8), generally (8), stung (8), bee (8), she (8), even (8), however (8), differences (8), suffix (8), traditionally (8), uses (8), run (8), rather (8), following (8), merger (8), possibly (8), unstressed (8), stop (8), though (8), lower (8), circle (8), topic (7), code (7), contact (7), terms (7), agree (7), sources (7), iso (7), data (7), functions (7), historically (7), according (7), creole (7), franca (7), related (7), indian (7), open (7), orthography (7), 2017 (7), guide (7), michigan (7), 533872 (7), patrick (7), census (7), s2cid (7), mcmahon (7), englishes (7), chapter (7), take (7), journal (7), van (7), 415 (7), 2003b (7), divided (7), scottish (7), called (7), personal (7), independent (7), support (7), although (7), source (7), get (7), frequently (7), formal (7), information (7), formation (7), longer (7), will (7), includes (7), boy (7), syntactic (7), similar (7), because (7), construction (7), complex (7), participle (7), lexical (7), aspect (7), composed (7), marked (7), irregular (7), considered (7), several (7), lenis (7), fortis (7), aave (7), now (7), subsection (7), view (6), pages (6), spanish (6), ethnologue (6), europe (6), philippines (6), list (6), commonwealth (6), further (6), learner (6), shorter (6), book (6), dictionaries (6), pronunciations (6), vernacular (6), social (6), received (6), cockney (6), continent (6), edinburgh (6), 139 (6), always (6), why (6), robert (6), gruyter (6), geoffrey (6), reading (6), gender (6), community (6), 2020 (6), speaker (6), william (6), mair (6), morphology (6), 2000 (6), family (6), proficiency (6), worldwide (6), graddol (6), literature (6), published (6), structure (6), finite (6), inflection (6), quality (6), contract (6), represent (6), part (6), lexicon (6), especially (6), primarily (6), originally (6), greek (6), informal (6), registers (6), derived (6), specific (6), passive (6), complement (6), formed (6), question (6), inversion (6), out (6), dog (6), least (6), marking (6), marks (6), almost (6), infinitive (6), important (6), primary (6), share (6), traits (6), distinction (6), largely (6), beginning (6), sounds (6), rarely (6), organisations (6), region (6), americans (6), broadcasting (6), inner (6), policy (5), additional (5), wikidata (5), statements (5), 639 (5), move (5), good (5), resources (5), oceania (5), nigeria (5), jamaica (5), advanced (5), learners (5), collins (5), newfoundland (5), weak (5), ingvaeonic (5), upper (5), southeast (5), learning (5), comparison (5), basic (5), atlantic (5), pacific (5), wales (5), estuary (5), dropping (5), back (5), diphthongs (5), close (5), 4051 (5), centuries (5), 5th (5), 210 (5), schneider (5), 114 (5), day (5), svartvik (5), 8th (5), markers (5), bbc (5), 1997 (5), matthew (5), mountford (5), read (5), 3rd (5), 226 (5), aarts (5), 290 (5), roger (5), labov (5), patterns (5), der (5), kachru (5), maritime (5), civil (5), hughes (5), gottlieb (5), 196 (5), origins (5), 1989 (5), 316 (5), special (5), elements (5), daniels (5), role (5), ammon (5), account (5), times (5), nominative (5), 118 (5), nigerian (5), state (5), less (5), svo (5), then (5), borrowed (5), mostly (5), others (5), typically (5), technical (5), throughout (5), child (5), processes (5), scholars (5), previously (5), help (5), themselves (5), way (5), copula (5), going (5), introduced (5), negation (5), occur (5), same (5), mood (5), takes (5), adverbs (5), retain (5), his (5), dependent (5), sometimes (5), set (5), becoming (5), degree (5), conjunctions (5), voiced (5), fricative (5), stops (5), shortened (5), approximant (5), symbols (5), jamaican (5), continuum (5), emerged (5), influenced (5), norms (5), prestige (5), understand (5), publishing (5), diplomacy (5), adopted (5), billion (5), add (4), contents (4), search (4), categories (4), names (4), description (4), anglic (4), index (4), shown (4), singapore (4), hong (4), kong (4), island (4), americas (4), saint (4), empire (4), macmillan (4), online (4), macquarie (4), johnson (4), gutnish (4), bavarian (4), alemannic (4), pennsylvania (4), western (4), eastern (4), black (4), city (4), quebec (4), union (4), yorkshire (4), fronting (4), front (4), northumbrian (4), reform (4), reduced (4), your (4), isles (4), wiley (4), toon (4), 1988 (4), white (4), edgar (4), 156 (4), 149 (4), complete (4), 259 (4), 7486 (4), survey (4), 326 (4), 195 (4), suzanne (4), algeo (4), earliest (4), phonetics (4), richter (4), 159 (4), became (4), research (4), key (4), 1993 (4), mcarthur (4), companion (4), mazrui (4), 1998 (4), current (4), 6425 (4), bas (4), study (4), jstor (4), need (4), evolved (4), kastovsky (4), next (4), campbell (4), michael (4), denning (4), systems (4), 2003a (4), former (4), angles (4), saxons (4), roman (4), geographical (4), brutt (4), griffler (4), comparative (4), baugh (4), pluricentric (4), society (4), origin (4), find (4), traditional (4), entry (4), books (4), later (4), optional (4), home (4), indigenous (4), made (4), final (4), act (4), television (4), 11th (4), means (4), across (4), economic (4), best (4), began (4), chaucer (4), able (4), movement (4), stems (4), expressing (4), write (4), readily (4), core (4), turn (4), highly (4), productive (4), 312 (4), appears (4), process (4), much (4), active (4), result (4), 20th (4), various (4), create (4), constituents (4), particular (4), could (4), tends (4), precedes (4), subjects (4), cat (4), fronted (4), interrogative (4), whom (4), adverb (4), enclitic (4), thus (4), usually (4), rules (4), whereas (4), contrast (4), major (4), below (4), represented (4), centre (4), modify (4), described (4), commonly (4), 249 (4), intonation (4), separate (4), ran (4), perfect (4), regular (4), except (4), differ (4), range (4), feature (4), reflexive (4), distinguishes (4), accusative (4), modifiers (4), happy (4), red (4), length (4), det (4), spoke (4), spellings (4), instruction (4), learn (4), 238 (4), respectively (4), dialectal (4), glottal (4), affecting (4), reduction (4), affected (4), full (4), light (4), publications (4), fully (4), speaks (4), linguists (4), distinct (4), along (4), parts (4), people (4), member (4), endings (4), poem (4), hide (4), sidebar (4), 313 (3), available (3), under (3), commons (3), last (3), sister (3), project (3), cs1 (3), potentially (3), dated (3), cultural (3), analytic (3), textbooks (3), samoa (3), fiji (3), malta (3), pakistan (3), trinidad (3), tobago (3), cayman (3), barbados (3), lists (3), merriam (3), longman (3), chambers (3), extinct (3), nasal (3), northwest (3), philology (3), mainland (3), swedish (3), icelandic (3), norwegian (3), broad (3), variants (3), groups (3), flemish (3), afrikaans (3), föhr (3), fingallian (3), california (3), older (3), ulster (3), birmingham (3), liverpool (3), mercian (3), braille (3), 110 (3), overview (3), 279 (3), ronald (3), sociolinguistics (3), traces (3), viking (3), 340 (3), 4th (3), 250 (3), rural (3), sweet (3), henry (3), tongue (3), stiles (3), series (3), 7th (3), zur (3), report (3), culture (3), total (3), provinces (3), smith (3), analysis (3), 285 (3), sailaja (3), routes (3), contexts (3), robinson (3), roach (3), migration (3), 134 (3), peters (3), usage (3), rodney (3), 006 (3), 163 (3), 2006a (3), northrup (3), agency (3), records (3), nation (3), townend (3), mugglestone (3), miller (3), mesthrie (3), our (3), children (3), group (3), maclagan (3), margaret (3), 164 (3), 151 (3), 1966 (3), 1111 (3), lawton (3), punctuation (3), 1476 (3), 324 (3), 1007 (3), 168 (3), ekkehard (3), auwera (3), 202 (3), jespersen (3), 123 (3), 103 (3), points (3), air (3), bureau (3), designated (3), shall (3), 311 (3), 108 (3), dieter (3), 109 (3), 198 (3), 409 (3), bammesberger (3), place (3), 1066 (3), cohesion (3), council (3), mean (3), evolution (3), giegerich (3), eurobarometer (3), commission (3), donoghue (3), deumert (3), 129 (3), keith (3), kessler (3), leben (3), bright (3), 261 (3), post (3), colonies (3), mees (3), 1981 (3), phonemic (3), shakespeare (3), works (3), 177 (3), 117 (3), benjamins (3), charles (3), boberg (3), blake (3), bazelmans (3), ethnic (3), 321 (3), albert (3), cable (3), 275 (3), 610 (3), ulrich (3), literary (3), proposals (3), 197 (3), little (3), lexis (3), finkenstaedt (3), wolff (3), 1973 (3), 124 (3), 121 (3), dummy (3), 167 (3), 274 (3), 113 (3), required (3), 148 (3), mark (3), washington (3), 115 (3), 165 (3), tagalog (3), street (3), mouton (3), atlas (3), 141 (3), sign (3), recognised (3), québec (3), facto (3), 130 (3), simple (3), negative (3), increasing (3), baker (3), bilingual (3), bible (3), 100 (3), 332 (3), beowulf (3), possible (3), 325 (3), top (3), references (3), political (3), large (3), films (3), influences (3), indicating (3), script (3), programmes (3), free (3), loans (3), equivalent (3), cake (3), give (3), having (3), 315 (3), proper (3), none (3), given (3), pronouncing (3), roots (3), compound (3), quickly (3), lack (3), estimate (3), limited (3), achieved (3), event (3), focus (3), established (3), prominent (3), comment (3), require (3), appear (3), occurs (3), saw (3), show (3), becomes (3), omitted (3), oblique (3), seen (3), above (3), addition (3), shows (3), letter (3), gave (3), indirect (3), relations (3), combination (3), progressive (3), modal (3), mat (3), together (3), consider (3), verbal (3), distinctions (3), running (3), tenses (3), stem (3), loved (3), gerund (3), love (3), six (3), depending (3), agreement (3), followed (3), school (3), refer (3), already (3), theirs (3), yours (3), exist (3), determiner (3), sets (3), animate (3), indefinite (3), definite (3), superlative (3), periphrastic (3), slender (3), characteristics (3), specify (3), men (3), wife (3), follow (3), possession (3), genitive (3), clear (3), count (3), mass (3), strongly (3), readers (3), nonetheless (3), greatly (3), making (3), correspondence (3), 9th (3), inscriptions (3), runes (3), four (3), vary (3), whether (3), pronounce (3), dental (3), fricatives (3), alveolar (3), standards (3), own (3), trap (3), split (3), bath (3), bother (3), rhythm (3), lost (3), here (3), obstruents (3), phonemically (3), opposed (3), sonorants (3), dark (3), pin (3), included (3), inventory (3), simplified (3), educated (3), public (3), entertainment (3), closely (3), minority (3), communicate (3), 19th (3), stigmatised (3), shared (3), communities (3), outside (3), recent (3), dominant (3), associated (3), war (3), due (3), led (3), explains (3), largest (3), trade (3), monolingual (3), significant (3), model (3), classification (3), circles (3), defined (3), distribution (3), increasingly (3), named (3), late (3), danes (3), runic (3), peoples (3), tools (3), basa (3), legal (2), contacts (2), privacy (2), apply (2), wikimedia (2), 2026 (2), hidden (2), needing (2), citations (2), 1100 (2), 1500 (2), 450 (2), citing (2), linguasphere (2), dates (2), protected (2), timed (2), francas (2), republic (2), authority (2), control (2), wikifunctions (2), wikiversity (2), wikiquote (2), wiktionary (2), projects (2), italics (2), solomon (2), palau (2), gibraltar (2), puerto (2), rico (2), zimbabwe (2), uganda (2), sudan (2), sierra (2), leone (2), rwanda (2), namibia (2), malawi (2), liberia (2), kenya (2), ghana (2), gambia (2), cameroon (2), norfolk (2), jersey (2), isle (2), virgin (2), georgia (2), sint (2), saba (2), falkland (2), bermuda (2), belize (2), bahamas (2), antigua (2), barbuda (2), urban (2), gage (2), random (2), house (2), encarta (2), penguin (2), imperial (2), 1828 (2), 1755 (2), etymological (2), left (2), indicate (2), ablaut (2), spirant (2), verner (2), grimm (2), weser (2), rhine (2), gothic (2), jutlandic (2), insular (2), shetland (2), nynorsk (2), bokmål (2), sense (2), highest (2), swiss (2), prussian (2), hessian (2), limburgish (2), yiddish (2), namibian (2), creoles (2), pomeranian (2), gronings (2), clay (2), amrum (2), yola (2), purism (2), englishisation (2), antarctica (2), malaysia (2), cultivated (2), aboriginal (2), bay (2), elite (2), latino (2), chicano (2), cajun (2), outer (2), boston (2), midland (2), ottawa (2), valley (2), multicultural (2), lunenburg (2), dublin (2), geordie (2), northumbria (2), manchester (2), scouse (2), lancashire (2), stopping (2), flapping (2), kentish (2), library (2), external (2), wolfram (2), 341 (2), 333 (2), wojcik (2), controlled (2), 142 (2), 278 (2), beyond (2), 1093 (2), 001 (2), 0001 (2), wardhaugh (2), 6th (2), fifth (2), seventh (2), boydell (2), brewer (2), frisians (2), age (2), versloot (2), jean (2), arnold (2), 631 (2), trask (2), kaufman (2), thomason (2), erik (2), 1515 (2), swan (2), palgrave (2), des (2), province (2), quickstats (2), mother (2), counts (2), shaywitz (2), schönweitz (2), postvocalic (2), schiffrin (2), ryan (2), rubino (2), 323 (2), rowicka (2), 194 (2), multilingual (2), educational (2), 584 (2), 1776 (2), 002 (2), closest (2), relatives (2), ingo (2), rights (2), phillipson (2), challenging (2), payne (2), 43146 (2), 2006b (2), office (2), dwyer (2), broadview (2), structures (2), 137 (2), ks207ni (2), neijt (2), müller (2), 273 (2), theory (2), conflicts (2), 105 (2), 180 (2), 218 (2), mufwene (2), 613 (2), rationale (2), montgomery (2), alive (2), rajend (2), langsci (2), 594 (2), sciences (2), meierkord (2), 171 (2), simon (2), mcguinness (2), mccrum (2), macneil (2), cran (2), tom (2), chicago (2), power (2), christian (2), standardization (2), macmahon (2), 382 (2), kirkpatrick (2), andy (2), 203 (2), lim (2), ansaldo (2), esperanto (2), levine (2), crockett (2), 204 (2), 280 (2), 251 (2), lawler (2), 291 (2), 186 (2), lanham (2), 352 (2), politics (2), 1972 (2), department (2), 178 (2), johan (2), descriptions (2), 28079 (2), otto (2), jambor (2), paul (2), imperialism (2), imo (2), marine (2), navigation (2), demonstrate (2), serving (2), arthur (2), news (2), nevalainen (2), tieken (2), boon (2), ostade (2), 271 (2), 199 (2), 270 (2), fischer (2), wurff (2), semantics (2), alfred (2), hickey (2), harbert (2), halliday (2), hasan (2), 1976 (2), 582 (2), greenbaum (2), nelson (2), green (2), leith (2), swann (2), julia (2), changing (2), 206 (2), gordon (2), hay (2), gordin (2), 1991 (2), gneuss (2), flemming (2), size (2), eagleson (2), durrell (2), 1002 (2), dixon (2), 133 (2), brett (2), dehaene (2), human (2), voice (2), death (2), cruttenden (2), conrad (2), andrew (2), rubal (2), lopez (2), connell (2), cohen (2), myres (2), 1936 (2), jutes (2), settlements (2), clarendon (2), collingwood (2), george (2), clark (2), asprey (2), cercignani (2), cassidy (2), carr (2), philip (2), honeybone (2), issues (2), 153 (2), 1959 (2), burridge (2), 132 (2), 690 (2), 272 (2), toller (2), 1921 (2), bosworth (2), joseph (2), 154 (2), 05553 (2), chol9780521264754 (2), 003 (2), blench (2), spriggs (2), 286 (2), archaeological (2), bermúdez (2), otero (2), handbooks (2), medieval (2), antiquity (2), amsterdam (2), 338 (2), barry (2), bao (2), 380 (2), 377 (2), 255 (2), relationship (2), 046 (2), annamalai (2), 319 (2), alcaraz (2), ariza (2), navarro (2), medicine (2), aitken (2), 1979 (2), 550 (2), abercrombie (2), haegeman (2), bibliography (2), 499 (2), percent (2), recorded (2), burnley (2), 127 (2), romance (2), 265 (2), ask (2), proportion (2), 120 (2), 1370 (2), 537 (2), 211 (2), 208 (2), 426 (2), oliver (2), 182 (2), 173 (2), 185 (2), 126 (2), 157 (2), 158 (2), duration (2), pattern (2), 138 (2), 116 (2), 256 (2), 260 (2), bautista (2), lourdes (2), 233 (2), switching (2), 209 (2), 162 (2), pure (2), 300 (2), reference (2), ontario (2), ash (2), 119 (2), 125 (2), 107 (2), reeve (2), development (2), transition (2), factbook (2), mandatory (2), note (2), acquired (2), welsh (2), 160 (2), constitution (2), publisher (2), equal (2), 131 (2), 122 (2), 106 (2), regularisation (2), nineteenth (2), until (2), 1999a (2), wycliffe (2), louisiana (2), perceived (2), canterbury (2), tales (2), 111 (2), effects (2), conquest (2), ormulum (2), 214 (2), 191 (2), 320 (2), 284 (2), 1951 (2), translated (2), roy (2), establish (2), term (2), should (2), entity (2), 200 (2), knowing (2), ideas (2), describing (2), chinese (2), japanese (2), entered (2), colonisation (2), egg (2), skirt (2), sky (2), resulted (2), latinate (2), stages (2), remain (2), frequent (2), constructed (2), difficult (2), originated (2), nato (2), acronyms (2), existing (2), compounding (2), actual (2), texts (2), analyses (2), consists (2), 170 (2), 000 (2), 220 (2), half (2), extremely (2), etc (2), deictic (2), fact (2), narrated (2), towards (2), said (2), idiomatic (2), marker (2), emphasis (2), characteristic (2), taking (2), item (2), effect (2), promoted (2), demoted (2), despite (2), whose (2), argument (2), allow (2), don (2), serves (2), negated (2), hence (2), produce (2), must (2), expression (2), heads (2), bone (2), built (2), arguments (2), think (2), lying (2), headed (2), placed (2), double (2), jane (2), masculine (2), bites (2), sat (2), manner (2), adjective (2), adverbial (2), examples (2), restricted (2), simply (2), grammarians (2), syntactically (2), employment (2), leave (2), subjunctive (2), every (2), imperative (2), 283 (2), moods (2), would (2), might (2), expressed (2), near (2), unmarked (2), 277 (2), taken (2), secondary (2), conjugation (2), aspects (2), wide (2), entities (2), introducing (2), grammars (2), defining (2), mentioned (2), assumed (2), identical (2), himself (2), herself (2), yourselves (2), 1st (2), itself (2), themself (2), yourself (2), mine (2), 262 (2), innovative (2), hiberno (2), persons (2), stand (2), alone (2), chair (2), entirely (2), 18th (2), distinguishing (2), transitive (2), otherwise (2), head (2), smaller (2), regarding (2), tendency (2), better (2), quantifiers (2), specifiers (2), tall (2), regardless (2), unit (2), entire (2), president (2), husband (2), apostrophe (2), fish (2), feet (2), foot (2), bread (2), abstract (2), committee (2), conj (2), seven (2), typical (2), pairs (2), similarly (2), rich (2), meaningful (2), relationships (2), fluent (2), difficulties (2), 239 (2), silent (2), stay (2), boat (2), digraphs (2), initial (2), soft (2), 235 (2), arisen (2), reforms (2), overwhelming (2), distinguished (2), merge (2), coda (2), fewer (2), contrasts (2), velar (2), labiodental (2), needed (2), 231 (2), yod (2), whine (2), wine (2), changed (2), chain (2), bre (2), 227 (2), father (2), lot (2), cloth (2), caught (2), cot (2), instance (2), distinguish (2), versus (2), ɜːr (2), trakt (2), start (2), onsets (2), codas (2), articulation (2), phonotactics (2), positions (2), realised (2), phonetically (2), noticeably (2), save (2), distinctive (2), deal (2), lax (2), monophthongs (2), syllabic (2), lateral (2), nip (2), pʰɪn (2), nɪˑb̥ (2), nib (2), pre (2), aspirated (2), mutual (2), mainly (2), contains (2), introductory (2), replacement (2), styles (2), colonial (2), areas (2), coasts (2), 150 (2), sae (2), norm (2), intrusive (2), documents (2), business (2), rule (2), vast (2), lesser (2), raised (2), higher (2), neighbouring (2), likely (2), africans (2), slaves (2), homogeneous (2), broken (2), recognise (2), replacing (2), actually (2), comprises (2), gaelic (2), relatively (2), mixing (2), notion (2), variability (2), dominates (2), area (2), russell (2), emery (2), surrounding (2), preserve (2), talk (2), decades (2), division (2), occupation (2), archaic (2), yam (2), attrition (2), lines (2), adopt (2), life (2), heard (2), remains (2), prestigious (2), caused (2), shifted (2), associating (2), continue (2), koiné (2), parity (2), natural (2), taught (2), reasons (2), ones (2), respondents (2), conversation (2), continues (2), organisation (2), asean (2), members (2), moderate (2), māori (2), federal (2), immigrants (2), listeners (2), broadcasters (2), expanding (2), schools (2), learned (2)
Text of the page (random words):
enison 2006a pp 30 31 hogg 1992a smith 2009 trask 2010 thomason kaufman 1988 pp 284 290 a b kastovsky 1992 pp 320 332 hogg 2006 pp 360 361 townend 2012 pp 81 82 short ian 2002 language and literature a companion to the anglo norman world boydell and brewer pp 191 214 doi 10 1017 9781846150463 011 isbn 978 1 84615 046 3 townend 2012 pp 99 100 johannesson nils lennart cooper andrew 2023 ormulum early english text society oxford university press isbn 978 0 19 289043 6 archived from the original on 11 august 2024 retrieved 11 august 2024 baker curt spring 2016 effects of the norman conquest on the english language tenor times 5 archived from the original on 9 august 2025 retrieved 17 july 2025 lass 1992 pp 103 123 fischer van der wurff 2006 pp 111 113 horobin simon chaucer s middle english the open access companion to the canterbury tales louisiana state university archived from the original on 3 december 2019 retrieved 24 november 2019 the only appearances of their and them in chaucer s works are in the reeve s tale where they form part of the northern dialect spoken by the two cambridge students aleyn and john demonstrating that at this time they were still perceived to be northernisms wycliffe john bible pdf wesley nnu archived pdf from the original on 2 february 2017 retrieved 9 april 2015 a b lass 2000a görlach 1991 pp 66 70 nevalainen tieken boon van ostade 2006 pp 274 279 cercignani 1981 a b lass 2006 pp 46 47 how english evolved into a global language 2010 romaine 2006 p 586 a b mufwene 2006 p 614 a b northrup 2013 pp 81 86 baker colin 1998 encyclopedia of bilingualism and bilingual education multilingual matters p 311 isbn 978 1 85359 362 8 a b c graddol 2006 a b c crystal 2003a status of english language standard for use in civil aviation pdf international civil aviation organization april 2003 retrieved 8 november 2013 mccrum macneil cran 2003 pp 9 10 a b romaine 1999a romaine 1999a p 2 other changes such as the spread and regularisation of do support began in the thirteenth century and were more or less complete in the nineteenth although do coexisted with the simple verb forms in negative statements from the early ninth century obligatoriness was not complete until the nineteenth the increasing use of do periphrasis coincides with the fixing of svo word order not surprisingly do is first widely used in interrogatives where the word order is disrupted and then later spread to negatives leech et al 2009 pp 18 19 mair leech 2006 mair 2006 ef english proficiency index 2019 pdf retrieved 15 august 2024 pp 6 7 breene keith 15 november 2019 which countries are best at english as a second language world economic forum archived from the original on 25 november 2016 retrieved 29 november 2016 crystal 2003b p 106 crystal 2003a p 69 a b kachru 2006 p 196 svartvik leech 2006 p 2 a b ryan 2013 table 1 office for national statistics 2013 key points national records of scotland 2013 northern ireland statistics and research agency 2012 table ks207ni main language statistics canada 2014 australian bureau of statistics 2013 statistics south africa 2012 table 2 5 population by first language spoken and province number statistics new zealand 2014 a b bao 2006 p 377 rubino 2006 patrick 2006a lim ansaldo 2006 connell 2006 schneider 2007 a b trudgill hannah 2008 p 5 trudgill hannah 2008 p 4 european commission 2012 kachru 2006 p 197 trudgill hannah 2008 p 2 romaine 1999 baugh cable 2002 trudgill hannah 2008 pp 8 9 trudgill 2006 ammon 2008 pp 1537 1539 svartvik leech 2006 p 122 trudgill hannah 2008 pp 5 6 deumert 2006 p 130 deumert 2006 p 131 ward rowena 2019 national and official languages across the independent asia pacific journal of multidisciplinary international studies 16 1 2 83 84 doi 10 5130 pjmis v16i1 2 6510 the use of english in australia is one example of both a de facto national and official language it is widely used and is the language of government and the courts but has never been legally designated as the country s official language oliver peter macklem patrick rosiers nathalie des 10 august 2017 the oxford handbook of the canadian constitution oxford university press p 556 isbn 978 0 19 066482 4 archived from the original on 21 february 2026 both english and french are official languages which means that they have equality of status and equal rights and privileges as to their use official languages act 1985 c 31 4th supp act current to july 11th 2010 department of justice archived from the original on 5 january 2011 retrieved 15 august 2010 charter of the french language légis québec québec official publisher 26 march 2024 archived from the original on 6 june 2024 retrieved 5 june 2024 french is the official language of québec only french has that status article 8 of the constitution of ireland irish statute book january 2020 archived from the original on 23 april 2022 retrieved 5 june 2024 1 the irish language as the national language is the first official language 2 the english language is recognised as a second official language maori language act 1987 archived from the original on 9 october 2014 retrieved 18 december 2011 recognition for sign language television new zealand 6 april 2006 archived from the original on 15 may 2011 retrieved 30 october 2011 huws catrin fflur june 2006 the welsh language act 1993 a measure of success language policy 5 2 141 160 doi 10 1007 s10993 006 9000 0 irish language and ulster scots bill clears final hurdle in parliament bbc news 26 october 2022 archived from the original on 3 july 2024 retrieved 27 october 2022 ho vivian pannett rachel 1 march 2025 a trump order made english the official language of the u s what does that mean the washington post archived from the original on 1 march 2025 retrieved 19 april 2025 united states the world factbook central intelligence agency 29 may 2024 archived from the original on 21 march 2021 retrieved 5 june 2024 note data represent the language spoken at home the us has no official national language but english has acquired official status in 32 of the 50 states hawaiian is an official language in the state of hawaii and 20 indigenous languages are official in alaska countries in which english language is a mandatory or an optional subject the university of winnipeg archived from the original on 31 october 2022 retrieved 30 october 2022 cia world factbook archived from the original on 22 march 2016 meierkord 2006 p 165 brutt griffler 2006 pp 690 691 a b northrup 2013 phillipson 2004 p 47 conrad rubal lopez 1996 p 261 united nations 2010 richter 2012 p 29 ammon 2006 p 321 wojcik 2006 p 139 international maritime organization 2011 international civil aviation organization 2011 kachru 2006 p 195 european commission 2012 pp 21 19 crystal 2000 jambor 2007 svartvik leech 2006 chapter 12 english into the future alcaraz ariza navarro 2006 gordin 2015 brutt griffler 2006 pp 694 695 mesthrie 2010 p 594 annamalai 2006 sailaja 2009 pp 2 9 indiaspeak english is our 2nd language the times of india 14 march 2010 archived from the original on 22 april 2016 retrieved 5 january 2016 desai sonalde b dubey amaresh joshi brij lal sen mitali shariff abusaleh vanneman reeve 2005 human development in india challenges for a society in transition pdf oxford university press isbn 978 0 19 806512 8 archived from the original pdf on 11 december 2015 retrieved 5 january 2016 crystal 2004 graddol 2010 mazrui mazrui 1998 crystal 2006 crystal 2003b p 107 trudgill 1999 p 10 trudgill 1999 p 125 hughes trudgill 1996 p 3 hughes trudgill 1996 p 37 hughes trudgill 1996 p 40 hughes trudgill 1996 p 31 clark asprey 2013 estuary english q and a jcw phon ucl ac uk archived from the original on 11 january 2010 retrieved 16 august 2010 roach 2009 p 4 trudgill 1999 p 80 trudgill 1999 pp 80 81 aitken mcarthur 1979 p 81 romaine 1982 hickey 2007 the handbook of world englishes wiley 2020 p 45 isbn 978 1 119 16421 0 labov 2012 wells 1982 p 34 rowicka 2006 toon 1982 cassidy 1982 boberg 2010 labov william sharon ash charles boberg 2006 the atlas of north american english berlin mouton de gruyter pp 141 148 chambers jack k 2010 english in canada pdf kingston ontario p 14 retrieved 20 july 2012 labov 1972 do you speak american what lies ahead pbs archived from the original on 14 september 2007 retrieved 15 august 2007 thomas erik r 2003 rural white southern accents pdf atlas of north american english mouton de gruyter p 16 archived from the original pdf on 22 december 2014 retrieved 11 november 2015 later published as a chapter in bernd kortmann and edgar w schneider eds 2004 a handbook of varieties of english a multimedia reference tool new york mouton de gruyter pp 300 324 levine crockett 1966 schönweitz 2001 montgomery 1993 thomas 2008 pp 95 96 bailey 1997 mcwhorter john h 2001 word on the street debunking the myth of a pure standard english basic books p 162 isbn 978 0 7382 0446 8 bailey 2001 green 2002 patrick 2006b eagleson 1982 trudgill hannah 2002 pp 16 21 burridge 2010 trudgill hannah 2002 pp 24 26 maclagan 2010 gordon campbell hay et al 2004 dayag danilo 2008 english language media in the philippines description and research in bautista ma lourdes bolton kingsley eds philippine english linguistic and literary perspectives hong kong hong kong university press pp 49 66 doi 10 5790 hongkong 9789622099470 003 0004 isbn 978 962 209 947 0 bautista maria lourdes s 2004 tagalog english code switching as a mode of discourse pdf asia pacific education review 5 2 226 233 doi 10 1007 bf03024960 s2cid 145684166 archived pdf from the original on 15 may 2022 lanham 1982 lass 2002 trudgill hannah 2002 pp 30 31 nigerian english encarta microsoft archived from the original on 9 september 2010 retrieved 17 july 2012 adegbija efurosibina 1989 lexico semantic variation in nigerian english world englishes 8 2 165 177 doi 10 1111 j 1467 971x 1989 tb00652 x lawton 1982 trudgill hannah 2002 p 115 trudgill hannah 2002 pp 117 118 lawton 1982 pp 256 260 trudgill hannah 2002 pp 115 116 sailaja 2009 pp 19 24 bjarkman peter c hammond robert matthew 1989 american spanish pronunciation washington d c georgetown university press p 226 isbn 978 0 87840 099 7 wolfram 2006 pp 334 335 carr honeybone 2007 bermúdez otero mcmahon 2006 macmahon 2006 international phonetic association 1999 pp 41 42 könig 1994 p 534 collins mees 2003 pp 47 53 trudgill hannah 2008 p 13 trudgill hannah 2008 p 41 brinton brinton 2010 pp 56 59 wells john c 8 february 2001 ipa transcription systems for english university college london archived from the original on 19 september 2018 retrieved 3 september 2018 giegerich 1992 pp 56 57 cohen 2012 p 80 collins mees 2003 pp 46 50 cruttenden 2014 p 138 flemming johnson 2007 wells 1982 p 167 wells 1982 p 121 brinton brinton 2010 p 60 könig 1994 pp 537 538 international phonetic association 1999 p 42 oxford learner s dictionary 2015 entry contract merriam webster 2015 entry contract macquarie dictionary 2015 entry contract brinton brinton 2010 p 66 sentence stress esol nexus british council archived from the original on 3 december 2019 retrieved 24 november 2019 lunden anya 2017 duration vowel quality and the rhythmic pattern of english laboratory phonology 8 27 doi 10 5334 labphon 37 a b trudgill hannah 2002 pp 4 6 lass 1992 pp 90 118 610 lass 2000 pp 80 656 roach 2009 p 53 giegerich 1992 p 36 wells 1982 lass 2000 p 114 wells 1982 pp xviii xix wells 1982 p 493 a b swan 2006 p 149 mountford 2006 neijt 2006 a b c d daniels bright 1996 p 653 a b abercrombie daniels 2006 mountford 2006 p 156 mountford 2006 pp 157 158 daniels bright 1996 p 654 dehaene 2009 mcguinness 1997 shaywitz 2003 mountford 2006 p 159 lawler 2006 p 290 huddleston pullum 2002 p 22 a b c d carter ronald mccarthey michael mark geraldine o keeffe anne 2016 english grammar today cambridge university press isbn 978 1 316 61739 7 a b baugh albert cable thomas 2012 a history of the english language 6th ed routledge isbn 978 0 415 65596 5 aarts haegeman 2006 p 118 payne huddleston 2002 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 56 57 huddleston pullum 2002 p 55 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 54 55 huddleston pullum 2002 p 57 huddleston pullum 2002 p 530 huddleston pullum 2002 p 528 a b könig 1994 p 540 mair 2006 pp 148 149 huddleston rodney d pullum geoffrey k reynolds brett 2022 a student s introduction to english grammar 2nd ed cambridge university press pp 124 126 isbn 978 1 316 51464 1 a b they oxford english dictionary online ed oxford university press subscription or participating institution membership required singular they apa style archived from the original on 21 october 2020 retrieved 24 november 2021 leech 2006 p 69 nominative is a traditional name for the subjective case o dwyer 2006 english has subjective objective and possessive cases greenbaum nelson 2002 sweet 2014 p 52 but in that special class of nouns called personal pronouns we find a totally different system of case inflection namely a nominative case he and an objective case him jespersen 2007 pp 173 185 huddleston pullum 2002 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 425 426 mcmahon 2012 p 182 lee chelsea 31 october 2019 welcome singular they american psychological association archived from the original on 14 february 2020 retrieved 24 november 2021 kamm oliver 12 december 2015 the pedant the sheer usefulness of singular they is obvious the times archived from the original on 19 june 2019 retrieved 24 november 2021 huddleston pullum 2002 p 426 a b huddleston pullum 2002 p 58 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 598 600 a b huddleston pullum 2002 p 51 könig 1994 p 541 huddleston pullum 2002 p 50 peters 2004 be p 66 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 75 91 113 114 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 208 210 a b huddleston pullum 2002 pp 51 52 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 210 211 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 50 51 finite and nonfinite clauses myenglishgrammar com archived from the original on 7 december 2019 retrieved 7 december 2019 dixon 1982 huddleston pullum 2002 p 274 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 565 566 mcarthur 1992 pp 64 610 611 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 1209 1219 könig 1994 p 553 müller 2020 p 666 könig 1994 p 550 cases of nouns and pronouns guide to grammar and writing archived from the original on 16 november 2019 retrieved 24 november 2019 könig 1994 p 551 miller 2002 pp 60 69 könig 1994 p 545 könig 1994 p 557 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 94 98 huddleston pullum 2002 p 114 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 786 790 miller 2002 pp 26 27 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 7 8 huddleston pullum 2002 pp 1365 1370 peters 2004 dummy subject p 167 there p 537 huddleston pullum 2002 p 1370 huddleston pullum 2002 p 1366 halliday hasan 1976 schiffrin 1988 how many words are there in the english language oxford dictionaries archived from the original on 9 september 2017 retrieved 13 september 2017 a b c d algeo 1999 leech et al 2009 pp 24 50 algeo 1999 pp 584 585 a b c kastovsky 2006 a b crystal 2003b p 129 crystal 2003b pp 120 121 what is the proportion of english words of french latin or germanic origin ask the experts oxford university press 2008 archived from...
|
