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that sought to develop a completely new style appropriate for a new post war social and economic order focused on meeting the needs of the middle and working classes emphasis was put on modern techniques materials and simplified geometric forms paving the way for high rise superstructures many architects became disillusioned with modernism which they perceived as ahistorical and anti aesthetic and postmodern and contemporary architecture developed over the years the field of architectural construction has branched out to include everything from ship design to interior decorating full article outline timeline glossary refresh with new selections below purge featured articles load new batch featured articles are displayed here which represent some of the best content on english wikipedia image 1 truly the palace of a modern magician the victorian periodical the world describes armstrong and his house cragside is a tudor revival country house near the town of rothbury in northumberland england dating to the victorian era it was the home of william armstrong 1st baron armstrong founder of the armstrong whitworth armaments firm an industrial magnate scientist philanthropist and inventor of the hydraulic crane and the armstrong gun armstrong also displayed his inventiveness in the domestic sphere making cragside the first house in the world to be lit using hydroelectric power the estate was technologically advanced the architect of the house richard norman shaw wrote that it was equipped with wonderful hydraulic machines that do all sorts of things in the grounds armstrong built dams and lakes to power a sawmill a water powered laundry early versions of a dishwasher and a dumb waiter a hydraulic lift and a hydroelectric rotisserie in 1887 armstrong was raised to the peerage the first engineer or scientist to be ennobled and became baron armstrong of cragside the original building consisted of a small shooting lodge which armstrong built between 1862 and 1864 in 1869 he employed the architect richard norman shaw to enlarge the site and in two phases of work between 1869 and 1882 they transformed the house into a northern neuschwanstein the result was described by the architect and writer harry stuart goodhart rendel as one of the most dramatic compositions in all architecture armstrong filled the house with a significant art collection he and his wife were patrons of many 19th century british artists cragside became an integral part of armstrong s commercial operations honoured guests under armstrong s roof including the shah of persia the king of siam and two future prime ministers of japan were also customers for his commercial undertakings full article image 2 speer in 1933 berthold konrad hermann albert speer ʃ p ɛər german ˈʃpeːɐ̯ ⓘ 19 march 1905 1 september 1981 was a german architect who served as minister of armaments and war production in nazi germany during most of world war ii a close friend and ally of adolf hitler he was convicted at the nuremberg trials and served 20 years in prison an architect by training speer joined the nazi party in 1931 his architectural skills made him increasingly prominent within the party and he became a member of hitler s inner circle hitler commissioned him to design and construct structures including the reich chancellery and the nazi party rally grounds in nuremberg in 1937 hitler appointed speer as general building inspector for berlin in this capacity he was responsible for the central department for resettlement that evicted jewish tenants from their homes in berlin in february 1942 speer was appointed as reich minister of armaments and war production using misleading statistics he promoted himself as having performed an armaments miracle that was widely credited with keeping germany in the war in 1944 speer established a task force to increase production of fighter aircraft it became instrumental in exploiting slave labor for the benefit of the german war effort full article image 3 location in the royal borough of kensington and chelsea london the tower house 29 melbury road is a late victorian townhouse in the holland park district of kensington and chelsea london built by the architect and designer william burges as his home designed between 1875 and 1881 in the french gothic revival style it was described by the architectural historian j mordaunt crook as the most complete example of a medieval secular interior produced by the gothic revival and the last the house is built of red brick with bath stone dressings and green roof slates from cumbria and has a distinctive cylindrical tower and conical roof the ground floor contains a drawing room a dining room and a library while the first floor has two bedrooms and an armoury its exterior and the interior echo elements of burges s earlier work particularly park house in cardiff and castell coch it was designated a grade i listed building in 1949 burges bought the lease on the plot of land in 1875 the house was built by the ashby brothers with interior decoration by members of burges s long standing team of craftsmen such as thomas nicholls and henry stacy marks by 1878 the house was largely complete although interior decoration and the designing of numerous items of furniture and metalwork continued until burges s death in 1881 the house was inherited by his brother in law richard popplewell pullan it was later sold to colonel t h minshall and then in 1933 to colonel e r b graham the poet john betjeman inherited the remaining lease in 1962 but did not extend it following a period when the house stood empty and suffered vandalism it was purchased and restored first by lady jane turnbull later by the actor richard harris and then by the musician jimmy page full article image 4 west side of the pennsylvania state capitol in 2020 the pennsylvania state capitol is the seat of government for the u s state of pennsylvania located in downtown harrisburg the building was designed by architect joseph miller huston in 1902 and completed in 1906 in a beaux arts style with decorative renaissance themes throughout the capitol houses the legislative chambers for the pennsylvania general assembly made up of the house of representatives and the senate and the harrisburg chambers for the supreme and superior courts of pennsylvania as well as the offices of the governor and the lieutenant governor it is also the main building of the pennsylvania state capitol complex the seat of government for the state was initially in philadelphia then was relocated to lancaster in 1799 and finally to harrisburg in 1812 the current capitol known as the huston capitol is the third state capitol building built in harrisburg the first the hills capitol was destroyed in 1897 by a fire the second the cobb capitol was left unfinished when funding was discontinued in 1899 full article image 5 st donat s castle from the tudor garden an exceptionally fine medieval castle st donat s castle welsh castell sain dunwyd st donats wales is a medieval castle in the vale of glamorgan about 16 miles 26 km to the west of cardiff and about 1 1 2 miles 2 4 km to the west of llantwit major positioned on cliffs overlooking the bristol channel the site has been occupied since the iron age and was by tradition the home of the celtic chieftain caradog the present castle s origins date from the 12th century when the de haweys and later peter de stradling began its development the stradlings held the castle for four hundred years until the death of sir thomas stradling in a duel in 1738 during the 18th century the castle s status and condition declined and by the early 19th century it was only partly habitable the later 19th and early 20th centuries saw several restorations in 1852 it was purchased by john whitlock nicholl carne who claimed descent from the stradlings but whose efforts at reconstruction were not well regarded more enlightened improvements were made by its subsequent owner the coal magnate morgan stuart williams full article image 6 the bp bridge viewed from the buckingham in lakeshore east june 12 2008 the bp pedestrian bridge or simply bp bridge is a girder footbridge in the loop community area of chicago illinois united states it spans columbus drive to connect maggie daley park formerly daley bicentennial plaza with millennium park both parts of the larger grant park designed by pritzker prize winning architect frank gehry and structurally engineered by skidmore owings and merrill it opened along with the rest of millennium park on july 16 2004 gehry had been courted by the city to design the bridge and the neighboring jay pritzker pavilion and eventually agreed to do so after the pritzker family funded the pavilion named for energy firm bp which donated 5 million toward its construction it is the first gehry designed bridge to have been completed bp bridge is described as snakelike because of its curving form designed to bear a heavy load without structural problems caused by its own weight it has won awards for its use of sheet metal the bridge is known for its aesthetics and gehry s style is seen in its biomorphic allusions and extensive sculptural use of stainless steel plates to express abstraction full article image 7 the seagram building as viewed from across park avenue the seagram building is a skyscraper at 375 park avenue between 52nd and 53rd streets in the midtown manhattan neighborhood of new york city new york united states it was designed in the international style by ludwig mies van der rohe along with philip johnson ely jacques kahn and robert allan jacobs the high rise tower is 515 feet 157 m tall with 38 stories and when completed in 1958 initially served as the headquarters of the seagram company a canadian distiller phyllis lambert daughter of seagram ceo samuel bronfman heavily influenced the seagram building s design an example of the functionalist aesthetic and a prominent instance of corporate modern architecture a glass curtain wall with vertical mullions of bronze and horizontal spandrels made of muntz metal form the building s exterior on park avenue is a pink granite public plaza with two fountains behind the plaza is a tall elevator lobby with a similar design to the plaza the lowest stories originally contained the four seasons restaurant which was replaced in 2017 with the grill and pool restaurants and the brasserie restaurant which was superseded in 1995 by the lobster club on the upper stories are modular office spaces full article image 8 belton house south front belton house is a grade i listed country house in the parish of belton near grantham in lincolnshire england built between 1685 and 1687 by sir john brownlow 3rd baronet it is surrounded by formal gardens and a series of avenues leading to follies within a larger wooded park belton has been described as a compilation of all that is finest of carolean architecture said to be the only truly vernacular style of architecture that england had produced since the tudor period it is considered to be a complete example of a typical english country house the claim has even been made that belton s principal façade was the inspiration for the modern british motorway signs which give directions to stately homes for about three centuries until 1984 belton house was the seat of the brownlow family which had first acquired land in the area in the late 16th century their heirs the cust family were created baron brownlow in 1776 despite his great wealth sir john brownlow 3rd baronet chose to build a comparatively modest house rather than one of the grand baroque palaces being built by others at the time the contemporary if provincial carolean style was the selected choice of design nevertheless the new house was fitted with the latest innovations such as sash windows for the principal rooms and followed the latest thinking on house planning in seeking to separate those parts of the building that were for the use of the family from the areas where servants carried out their domestic duties successive generations made changes to the interior of the house which reflected their changing social position and tastes yet the fabric and design of the house changed little full article image 9 the most comfortable house in england sandringham house is a country house in the parish of sandringham norfolk england it is one of the royal residences of charles iii whose grandfather george vi and great grandfather george v both died there the house stands in a 20 000 acre 8 100 ha estate in the norfolk coast area of outstanding natural beauty the house is listed as grade ii and the landscaped gardens park and woodlands are on the national register of historic parks and gardens the site has been occupied since elizabethan times when a large manor house was constructed this was replaced in 1771 by a georgian mansion for the owners the hoste henleys in 1836 sandringham was bought by john motteux a london merchant who already owned property in norfolk and surrey motteux had no direct heir and on his death in 1843 his entire estate was left to charles spencer cowper the son of motteux s close friend emily viscountess palmerston cowper sold the other properties and embarked on rebuilding at sandringham he had an extravagant lifestyle and within ten years the estate was mortgaged full article image 10 55 wall street in 2026 55 wall street formerly the national city bank building is an eight story building on wall street between william and hanover streets in the financial district of lower manhattan in new york city new york united states the lowest three stories were completed in either 1841 or 1842 as the four story merchants exchange and designed by isaiah rogers in the greek revival style between 1907 and 1910 mckim mead white removed the original fourth story and added five floors to create the present building since 2006 the banking room has functioned as an event venue called the cipriani wall street while the upper stories have been a condominium development known as the cipriani club residences 55 wall street s granite facade includes two stacked colonnades facing wall street each with twelve columns inside is a cruciform banking hall with a 60 foot 18 m vaulted ceiling corinthian columns marble floors and walls and an entablature around the interior the banking hall was among the largest in the united states when it was completed the offices of citibank s predecessor national city bank were in the corners of the banking hall while the fourth through eighth floors were used as office space the facade and part of the interior are new york city designated landmarks and the building is listed on both the new york state register of historic places and the national register of historic places nrhp as a national historic landmark it is also a contributing property to the wall street historic district listed on the nrhp full article image 11 the etihad stadium formerly known as city of manchester stadium b...
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