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le permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikiquote wikisource wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia french catholic priest and saint 1673 1716 saint louis marie grignion de montfort smm confessor born 1673 01 31 31 january 1673 montfort sur meu france died 28 april 1716 1716 04 28 aged 43 saint laurent sur sèvre venerated in catholic church beatified 1888 by pope leo xiii canonized 20 july 1947 by pope pius xii feast 28 april patronage preachers those devoted to the virgin mary and the rosary 1 part of a series on christian mysticism theology and philosophy apophatic ascetical cataphatic catholic spirituality hellenistic mystical theology neoplatonic henosis practices monasticism asceticism mendicant stylite eastern new silence spiritual direction meditation meditation lectio divina invoking of mystic saints active asceticism contemplation hesychasm jesus prayer quietism stages of christian perfection hesychia divinization catharsis theosis kenosis spiritual dryness religious ecstasy passive asceticism abstinence esoteric charismatic martinism people by era or century antiquity ancient african origen thomasines gregory of nyssa pseudo dionysius desert fathers paul of thebes anthony the great arsenius the great poemen macarius of egypt moses the black syncletica athanasius john chrysostom hilarion john cassian 11th 12th bernard of clairvaux guigo ii hildegard of bingen symeon the new theologian sava i of serbia 13th 14th dominican dominic de guzmán franciscan francis of assisi anthony of padua bonaventure jacopone da todi angela of foligno english richard rolle walter hilton julian of norwich margery kempe flemish beatrice of nazareth lutgardis hadewijch john van ruysbroeck german meister eckhart johannes tauler henry suso female beatrice of nazareth bridget of sweden catherine of siena gertrude the great mechthild of magdeburg marguerite porete 15th 16th spanish ignatius of loyola francisco de osuna john of ávila teresa of ávila john of the cross others catherine of genoa 17th 18th french margaret mary alacoque pierre de bérulle jean jacques olier louis de montfort charles de condren john eudes john of st samson others mary of jesus of ágreda paul of the cross anne catherine emmerich veronica giuliani francis de sales 19th dina bélanger catherine labouré mélanie calvat maximin giraud bernadette soubirous conchita de armida luisa piccarreta mary of the divine heart thérèse of lisieux gemma galgani 20th padre pio therese neumann marthe robin alexandrina of balazar faustina kowalska sister lúcia of fátima edgar cayce simone weil alfred delp thomas merton charles de foucauld edvige carboni elena aiello edith stein contemporary papal views aspects of meditation orationis formas 1989 reflection on the new age 2003 literature and media lingua ignota ordo virtutum scivias ascent of mount carmel dark night of the soul spiritual canticle way of perfection book of the first monks the interior castle abbey of the holy ghost a dialogue of comfort against tribulation from willow creek to sacred heart the glories of mary the imitation of christ the ladder of divine ascent philokalia revelations of divine love the story of a soul theologia germanica devotio moderna fatima in lucia s own words calls from the message of fatima the miracle of our lady of fatima sol de fátima the cloud of unknowing on the consolation of philosophy the mirror of simple souls sister catherine treatise tractatus de purgatorio sancti patricii the vision of adamnán divine comedy inferno purgatorio paradiso fatima v t e louis marie grignion de montfort smm french pronunciation lwi maʁi ɡʁiɲɔ̃ də mɔ̃fɔʁ 31 january 1673 28 april 1716 was a french catholic priest known for his influence on catholic mariology he wrote a number of books that went on to become classic catholic titles including secret of the rosary and true devotion to mary and influenced several popes he also founded several religious communities including the company of mary pope pius xii canonised him on 20 july 1947 a founder s statue created by giacomo parisini is located in an upper niche of the south nave of st peter s basilica early years edit montfort s birthplace in montfort sur meu montfort was born in 1673 in montfort sur meu the eldest surviving child of eighteen born to jean baptiste and jeanne robert grignion his father was a notary louis marie passed most of his infancy and early childhood in iffendic a few kilometers from montfort where his father had bought a farm at the age of 12 he entered the jesuit college of st thomas becket in rennes where his uncle was a parish priest 2 at the end of his ordinary schooling he began his studies of philosophy and theology still at st thomas in rennes listening to the stories of a local priest the abbé julien bellier about his life as an itinerant missionary montfort was inspired to preach missions among the very poor bellier was propagating among his students a consecration and entrustment to mary 3 4 under the guidance of bellier and other priests de montfort began to develop his strong devotion to the blessed virgin mary 19th century depiction of st sulpice where montfort had earlier studied for the priesthood through a benefactor opportunity arose to go to paris to study at the renowned seminary of saint sulpice 5 towards the end of 1693 when montfort arrived in paris it was to find that his benefactor had not provided enough money for him so he lodged in a succession of boarding houses living among the very poor in the meantime attending the sorbonne university for lectures in theology after less than two years he became very ill and had to be admitted to hospital he survived this despite the blood letting that was common practice at that time leaving hospital he was surprised to find his place had been kept open for him at the little saint sulpice which he entered in july 1695 this seminary had been founded by jean jacques olier one of the leading experts of what came to be known as the french school of spirituality 3 he was appointed the seminary s librarian which gave him the opportunity to study most of the available works on spirituality and in particular on the virgin mary s place in the christian life this later led to his focus on the holy rosary and montfort s acclaimed book the secret of the rosary devotion to the angels edit even as a seminarian in paris montfort was known for his veneration of angels he urged his confreres to show marks of respect and tenderness to their guardian angels and often ended his letters with a salutation to the guardian angel of the person to whom he was writing when later he arrived in nantes he saluted all the angels of the city apparently this was something he repeated whenever he entered a village or town 6 one reason behind montfort s showing such devotion to angels is that veneration of the pure spirits was an integral part of his training and also of his culture his college teachers all jesuits were known for their zeal in propagating devotion to the angels montfort s seminary training under the sulpicians brought him into contact with the thought of cardinal de bérulle and olier both of whom had deep veneration for the angels during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries manuals of piety and treatises on the pure spirits abounded 6 from priest to preacher edit louis was ordained a priest in june 1700 5 and assigned to nantes his great desire had been the foreign missions preferably in the new french colony of canada but his spiritual director advised against it letters of this period show he felt frustrated by the lack of opportunity to preach as he felt he was called to in november 1710 he joined the third order of saint dominic and asked permission not only to preach the rosary but also to form rosary confraternities 7 he began to consider forming a small company of priests to preach missions and retreats under the standard and protection of the blessed virgin this was to eventually lead to the founding of the company of mary around this time louis de montfort was appointed chaplain of the hospital in nantes 8 this was when he was first introduced to marie louise trichet a meeting that launched her 34 years service to the poor during louis de montfort s time france was beginning to face a mounting economic crisis a rapidly growing population was outpacing the food supply desiring to be a missionary montfort made a pilgrimage to rome to ask the advice of pope clement xi 3 the pope recognized his real vocation and telling him there was plenty of opportunity for its exercise in france sent him back with the title of apostolic missionary 9 on his return from his long pilgrimage to rome montfort made a retreat at mont saint michel to pray to this archangel to obtain from him the grace to win souls for god to confirm those already in god s grace and to fight satan and sin 6 these occasions gave him time to think contemplate and write for several years he preached in missions from brittany to nantes as his reputation as a missioner grew he became known as the good father from montfort at pontchateau he attracted hundreds of people to help him in the construction of a huge calvary however on the very eve of its blessing the bishop having heard it was to be destroyed on the orders of the king of france under the influence of members of the jansenist school forbade its benediction it is reported that upon receiving this news he simply said blessed be god 2 final years edit depiction of montfort with marie louise trichet at the foundation of the congregation of the daughters of wisdom 19th century montfort left nantes and the next several years were extraordinarily busy for him he was constantly occupied in preaching missions always walking between one and another yet he found time also to write his true devotion to mary 10 the secret of mary 11 and the secret of the rosary rules for the company of mary and the daughters of wisdom and many hymns his missions made a great impact especially in the vendée the heated style of his preaching was regarded by some people as somewhat strange and he was poisoned once 2 although it did not prove fatal it caused his health to deteriorate yet he continued undeterred he went on preaching and established free schools for the poor boys and girls daughters of wisdom edit the bishop of la rochelle had been impressed with montfort for some time and invited him to open a school there montfort enlisted the help of his follower marie louise trichet who was then running the general hospital in poitiers in 1715 marie louise and catherine brunet left poitiers for la rochelle to open the school there and in a short time it had 400 students on 22 august 1715 trichet and brunet along with marie valleau and marie régnier from la rochelle received the approbation of bishop de champflour of la rochelle to make their religious vows under the direction of montfort at the ceremony montfort told them call yourselves the daughters of wisdom 5 for the teaching of children and the care of the poor the daughters of wisdom grew into an international organization and the placing of montfort s founders statue in saint peter s basilica was based on that organization 12 death and burial edit montfort s 16 years of priesthood include many months of solitude perhaps as many as a total of four years at the cave of mervent amidst the beauty of the forest at the hermitage of saint lazarus near the village of montfort and at the hermitage of saint eloi in la rochelle worn out by hard work and sickness he finally came in april 1716 to saint laurent sur sèvre to begin the mission which was to be his last during it he fell ill and died on 28 april of that year he was 43 years old and had been a priest for only 16 years his last sermon was on the tenderness of jesus and the incarnate wisdom of the father thousands gathered for his burial in the parish church and very quickly there were stories of miracles performed at his tomb exactly 43 years later on 28 april 1759 marie louise trichet also died in saint laurent sur sèvre and was buried next to montfort on 19 september 1996 pope john paul ii who beatified trichet came to the same site to meditate and pray at their adjacent tombs spirituality edit statue of louis de montfort at saint peter s basilica god alone was the motto of montfort and is repeated over 150 times in his writings the incarnation the incarnation of the word is for him the absolute central reality 13 love of the blessed virgin mary fidelity to the cross missionary zeal 14 total consecration to jesus through mary edit in montfort s approach to marian consecration jesus and mary are inseparable he views consecration to jesus in mary as a special path to being conformed to united and consecrated to christ given that of all creatures the one most conformed to jesus christ it follows that among all devotions that which most consecrates and conforms a soul to our lord is devotion to mary his holy mother and that the more a soul is consecrated to her the more will it be consecrated to jesus christ 15 god the father made an assemblage of all the waters and he named it the sea mare he has made an assemblage of all his graces and he has called it mary maria 16 according to montfort mary is the safest easiest shortest and most perfect way of approaching jesus 17 montfort s process of total consecration has seven elements and effects knowledge of one s unworthiness sharing in mary s faith the gift of pure love unlimited confidence in god and mary communication of the spirit of mary transformation into the likeness of jesus and bringing more glory to christ 18 his practice of consecration to mary has both internal and external components the internal components focus on surrendering oneself as a slave to mary and to jesus through her and performing all actions with mary in mary through mary and for mary the suggested exterior practices include enrolment in marian societies or joining marian religious orders making marian privileges known and appreciated and giving alms in honor of mary 19 louis de montfort influenced a number of popes 20 21 in the 19th century pope pius ix considered it the best and most acceptable form of marian devotion while pope leo xiii granted indulgences for practicing montfort s method of marian consecration leo beatified montfort in 1888 selecting for montfort s beatification the day of his own golden jubilee as a priest in the 20th century pope pius x acknowledged the influence of montfort s writings in the composition of his encyclical ad diem illum 22 pope pius xi stated that he had practiced montfort s devotional methods since his early youth pope pius xii declared montfort a saint and stated that montfort is the guide who leads you to mary and from mary to jesus pope john paul ii once r...
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