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Text of the page (random words):
githabul language wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 nomenclature 2 phonology toggle phonology subsection 2 1 consonants 2 2 vowels 3 morphology toggle morphology subsection 3 1 verbs 3 1 1 suffixes 3 2 adjectives 3 2 1 suffixes 3 3 demonstratives 3 3 1 adjective set 3 3 2 location set 4 references toggle the table of contents githabul language 2 languages español igbo edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia australian aboriginal language githabul condamine upper clarence bandjalang githabul native to australia region queensland new south wales ethnicity githabul kalibal geynyan native speakers 4 2016 census 1 language family pama nyungan southeastern north coast bandjalangic githabul dialects githabul gullibul dinggabul language codes iso 639 3 gih glottolog cond1242 aiatsis 2 e14 githabul e16 1 dinggabal e15 galibal d36 geynyan elp githabul a map of the vairities and their locales as described by githabul people at woodenbong githabul also known as galibal dinggabal and condamine upper clarence bandjalang is an australian aboriginal language spoken by the githabul living in south queensland and north east new south wales nomenclature edit in the githabul language the word githabul means those who say githa githa means that s right and is a common exonym and endonym for the people and their language githabul specifically refers to the language as spoken around woodenbong while the southern variety spoken near drake was known as dingabal which means those who say dinga with dinga meaning that s right the eastern variety spoken near kyogle on the richmond river used the term galibal which meant those who say gali gali means this and contrasts with githabul and dinggabal which used gale 3 phonology edit consonants edit peripheral laminal apical labial velar palatal alveolar plosive b ɡ ɟ d nasal m ŋ ɲ n rhotic ɾ lateral l approximant w j vowels edit front back close i iː u uː mid e eː open a aː 4 morphology edit verbs edit verbs are conjugated with the use of suffixes it is an aspect dominant language as opposed to tense dominant like english githabul suffixes mostly conjugate for aspect and mood suffixes edit verb suffixes are placed in six orders a verb may not take more than one suffix from an order and similar to nouns suffixes are attached in a set order combinations of these suffixes express all possible conjugations of githabul verbs with only a small number of combinations possible githabul verb stems are commonly two syllables in length and always end in a vowel 5 orders 1 2 3 4 5 6 ba causative ndi carry whilst li reflexive passive ja past tense hn imperfective aspect du habitual mood wa repetitive hny imminent aspect i preconditional ma causative h imperative de preconditional hla continuous aspect nah antechronous aspect nyun synchronous aspect yah purposive jin synchronous aspect n permissive ni perfective adjectives edit adjectives can be marked with a suffix to indicate the gender of the noun they qualify githabul has one of the most extensive gender systems of all the bandjalangic languages 6 suffixes edit adjective suffixes gender suffix animate male gali animate female weak quality gan animate female strong quality galigan animate female size nahgan arboreal nahn neuter gay n stands for a homorganic nasal demonstratives edit githabul possesses a complicated set of demonstratives that make a three way distinction with proximal medial and distal sets there is a further distinguishing of demonstrative adjectives and location demonstratives the adjective set can be additionally suffixed to create demonstrative pronouns the adjective set has three forms for things in sight things hidden or not in sight and things not there anymore while the location set has forms to indicate the general area and definite area whether in sight or not in sight and past and present forms 7 adjective set edit demonstrative adjectives demonstratives proximal this medial that distal that over there in sight sg gale male gile in sight plrl gahnyu mahnyu gahmu not in sight sg gunah munah gahba not in sight plrl ganyeh manyeh gahnye the galibal dialect uses the forms gali mali and gili the above set can be suffixed with order 7 noun suffixes to form demonstrative pronouns that function like ordinary independent nouns e g yanindeh galeni wangahbaya take this with you the not in sight and not here anymore forms can take the order 2 noun suffix gan to form time words e g gunahgan recently location set edit demonstratives proximal here medial there distal over there in sight definite area gaji maji gah in sight general area gunu munu gundeh not in sight present gayu mayu guhyu not in sight past gaye maye gahye references edit githabul at ethnologue 25th ed 2022 e14 githabul at the australian indigenous languages database australian institute of aboriginal and torres strait islander studies see the info box for additional links c sharpe margaret 2005 yugambeh bandjalang dialects grammar and texts of the yugambeh bundjalung dialect chain in eastern australia muenchen lincom europa pp 17 32 isbn 3895867845 oclc 62185149 cite book cs1 maint multiple names authors list link geytenbeek brian and helen 1971 gidabal grammar and dictionary australian aboriginal studies 43 canberra australian institute of aboriginal studies cite book cs1 maint publisher location link c sharpe margaret 2005 the verbs grammar and texts of the yugambeh bundjalung dialect chain in eastern australia muenchen lincom europa pp 57 74 isbn 3895867845 oclc 62185149 cite book cs1 maint multiple names authors list link c sharpe margaret 2005 nouns adjevtives and their sufffixes grammar and texts of the yugambeh bundjalung dialect chain in eastern australia muenchen lincom europa pp 77 96 isbn 3895867845 oclc 62185149 cite book cs1 maint multiple names authors list link c sharpe margaret 2005 grammar and texts of the yugambeh bundjalung dialect chain in eastern australia lincom europa isbn 3895867845 oclc 62185149 cite book cs1 maint multiple names authors list link v t e pama nyungan languages paman languages north adithinngithigh andjingith anguthimri alngith linnithigh mpakwithi ndra ngith arritinngithigh awngthim luthigh mpalitjanh mbiywom ndrangith ndwa ngith ngkoth unjadi uradhi atampaya yinwum wudhadhi yadhaykenu angkamuthi northeast umpila wik ayabadhu kugu muminh pakanha wik me nh wik mungkan wik ngathan wik ompom lamalamic lamalama morrobolam yalanjic barrow point gugu yalandyi kuku nyungkal guugu yimidhirr southwest koko bera kok thawa kunjen ogh undjan kuuk thaayorre kuuk yak yir yoront norman kurtjar kuthant thaypan alungul angkula aghu tharrnggala ikarranggal takalak thaypan southern mbara yanga mbabaram walangama wamin other djabugay flinders island gugadj kok narr mbariman gudhinma umbindhamu eastern pama nyungan dyirbalic dyirbal nyawaygi warrgamay wulguru yuru maric badjiri bidjara biri biri proper kingkel bayali darumbal warrongo yanda guwa yirandhali waka kabic barunggam gabi gabi gureng gureng tulua wakawaka wuliwuli durubalic guwar pimpama janday nunukul turrbal gumbaynggiric kumbainggar yaygir wiradhuric gamilaraay ngiyambaa wiradjuri yuin kuric darkinjung dharug dhanggati ngarigo ngunnawal gundungurra tharawal dharawal dhurga dyirringany thawa yugambal marbal worimi awabakal gathang gippsland dhudhuroa gunaikurnai bidhawal pallanganmiddang yugambeh bandjalang waalubal yugambeh githabul bundjalung other anewan kalaw lagaw ya yidiny bigambul guyambal lower burdekin bindal southern pama nyungan yotayotic yabula yabula yorta yorta kulinic kolakngat kulin dja dja wurrung wathaurong western victoria wemba wemba barababaraba ledji ledji madhi madhi nari nari wadi wadi wergaia woiwurrung taungurung bunurong bindjali drual bungandidj dhauwurd wurrung kuurn kopan noot lower murray keramin ngayawung yaralde yitha yitha yuyu thura yura adnyamathanha barngarla kaurna kuyani narungga nauo ngadjuri nukunu wirangu mirniny mirning ngadjunmaya nyungic galaagu kalaamaya natingero nyungar western pama nyungan kartu badimaya malgana thaagurda nhanda nhanhagardi wajarri yinggarda kanyara mantharta kanyara burduna bayungu thalanyji pinikura mantharta tharrgari warriyangka thiin jiwarli ngayarta jurruru kurrama martuthunira ngarla ngarluma kariyarra nhuwala nyamal nyiyaparli panyjima yindjibarndi yinhawangka marrngu karajarri mangala nyangumarta northern pama nyungan ngumpin yapa ngarrga warlmanpa warlpiri ngumpin walmajarri djaru gurindji bilinarra mudburra warumungu warumungu warluwaric wagaya bularnu yindjilandji warluwarra yanyuwa kalkatungic kalkatungu yalarnnga mayi mayi kulan mayi kutuna ngawun yolŋu dhaŋu dhuwal djaŋu djinba djinaŋ ritharrŋu nhaŋu central pama nyungan wati ngardi wanman western desert arandic arrernte kaytetye lower arrernte pertame karnic arabana diyari pirlatapa mithaka ngamini yarluyandi ngura pitta pitta wanggamala wangka yutjurru wilson river bundhamara new wangkumara garlali yandruwandha other baagandji bulloo river old wangkumara garlali muruwari barranbinja yarli macro pama nyungan macro gunwinyguan maningrida burarra ndjébbana gurr goni nakkara mangarrayi marran alawa mangarrayi marra warndarrang yugul gunwinyguan anindilyakwa dalabon gunbarlang jawoyn kunwinjku ngalakgan ngandi nunggubuyu rembarrnga uwinymil waray other gaagudju kungarakany wardaman wagiman tangkic kayardild lardil minkin gangalidda yukulta yangkaal garrwan garrwa gunindiri waanyi italics indicate extinct languages retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title githabul_language oldid 1342130341 category yugambeh bundjalung languages hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata language articles citing ethnologue 25 articles containing githabul language text cs1 maint multiple names authors list cs1 maint publisher location this page was last edited on 7 march 2026 at 05 23 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of 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