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s of william of orange in ireland orange with white representing the aspiration for peace between them 277 it was adopted as the flag of the irish free state in 1922 and continues to be used as the sole flag and ensign of the state a naval jack a green flag with a yellow harp is set out in defence forces regulations and flown from the bows of warships in addition to the national flag in limited circumstances e g when a ship is not underway it is based on the unofficial green ensign of ireland used in the 18th and 19th centuries and the traditional green flag of ireland dating from the 16th century citation needed like the national flag the national anthem amhrán na bhfiann english a soldier s song has its roots in the easter rising when the song was sung by the rebels although originally published in english in 1912 278 the song was translated into irish in 1923 and the irish language version is more commonly sung today 278 the song was officially adopted as the anthem of the irish free state in 1926 and continues as the national anthem of the state 279 the first four bars of the chorus followed by the last five comprise the presidential salute the arms of ireland originate as the arms of the monarchs of ireland and was recorded as the arms of the king of ireland in the 12th century from the union of the crowns of england scotland and ireland in 1603 they have appeared quartered on the royal coat of arms of the united kingdom today they are the personal arms of the president of ireland whilst he or she is in office and are flown as the presidential standard the harp symbol is used extensively by the state to mark official documents irish coinage and on the seal of the president of ireland see also republic of ireland portal ireland portal countries portal europe portal european union portal list of ireland related topics outline of the republic of ireland notes article 8 of the constitution states that irish is the national language and the first official language and that english is a second official language prior to 2002 ireland used the irish pound as its circulated currency the euro was introduced as an accounting currency in 1999 the eu domain is also used as it is shared with other european union member states article 4 of the constitution of ireland declares that the name of the state is ireland section 2 of the republic of ireland act 1948 declares that republic of ireland is the description of the state 280 references article 8 constitution of ireland irish statute book archived from the original on 23 april 2022 retrieved 4 february 2022 population usually resident and present in the state central statistics office 30 may 2023 archived from the original on 31 may 2023 retrieved 2 june 2023 1 2 population usually resident and present in the state cso ie central statistics office 30 may 2023 archived from the original on 28 september 2023 retrieved 2 june 2023 1 2 3 population and migration estimates april 2025 www cso ie 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