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n particular have a complex four chambered stomach the first three chambers rumen reticulum and omasum are all lined with esophageal mucosa 62 while the final chamber functions like a monogastric stomach which is called the abomasum in birds and crocodilians the stomach is divided into two regions anteriorly is a narrow tubular region the proventriculus lined by fundic glands and connecting the true stomach to the crop beyond lies the powerful muscular gizzard lined by pyloric glands and in some species containing stones that the animal swallows to help grind up food 62 in insects there is also a crop the insect stomach is called the midgut information about the stomach in echinoderms or molluscs can be found under the respective articles additional images edit image showing the celiac artery and its branches a human stomach at autopsy showing the many folds rugae high quality image of the stomach see also edit wikimedia commons has media related to stomach gastroesophageal reflux disease gastric microbiota proton pump inhibitor references edit nosek thomas m section 6 6ch2 s6ch2_30 essentials of human physiology archived from the original on 2016 03 24 the stomach at the anatomy lesson by wesley norman georgetown university definition of gastric www merriam webster com 12 may 2025 retrieved 13 may 2025 1 2 3 4 5 chaurasia b d 2013 19 human anatomy vol 2 6th ed 4819 xi prahlad street ansari road daryaganj new delhi 110002 india cbs publishers and distributors pp 250 252 isbn 978 81 239 2331 4 cite book cs1 maint location link sherwood lauralee 1997 human physiology from cells to systems belmont ca wadsworth pub co isbn 978 0 314 09245 8 oclc 35270048 wenzel v idris ah banner mj kubilis ps band r williams jl et al 1998 respiratory system compliance decreases after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and stomach inflation impact of large and small tidal volumes on calculated peak airway pressure resuscitation 38 2 113 8 doi 10 1016 s0300 9572 98 00095 1 pmid 9863573 curtis helena n sue barnes 1994 invitation to biology 5 ed worth morris d kerstein barry goldberg barry panter m david tilson howard spiro gastric infarction gastroenterology volume 67 issue 6 1974 pages 1238 1239 issn 0016 5085 https doi org 10 1016 s0016 5085 19 32710 6 tortora gerard j derrickson bryan h 2009 principles of anatomy and physiology 12 internat student version ed hoboken nj wiley pp 937 942 isbn 978 0 470 23347 4 1 2 3 4 5 standring susan gray s anatomy 42nd ed elsevier pp 1160 1163 1 2 brunicardi f charles andersen dana k et al eds 2010 schwartz s principles of surgery 9th ed new york mcgraw hill medical pub division isbn 978 0 07 154770 3 1 2 3 anatomy of the stomach seer training training seer cancer gov retrieved 7 august 2025 habershon s h diseases of the stomach a manual for practitioners and students chicago medical book company 1909 page 11 weber john and shearer edwin morrill shearer s manual of human dissection eighth edition mcgraw hill 1999 page 157 isbn 0 07 134624 4 transactions of the royal academy of medicine in ireland volume 14 1896 birmingham a mbrose topographical anatomy of the spleen pancreas duodenum kidneys c pages 363 385 retrieved 29 february 2011 the lancet volume 1 part 1 22 february 1902 page 524 royal academy of medicine in ireland retrieved 28 february 2012 the dublin journal of medical science volume 114 page 353 reviews and bibliographical notes retrieved 28 february 2012 anne m r agur moore keith l 2007 essential clinical anatomy point lippincott williams wilkins hagerstown md lippincott williams wilkins isbn 978 0 7817 6274 8 oclc 172964542 p 150 university of rochester medical center 2020 archived from the original on 2021 11 19 retrieved 2021 12 19 stomach histology kenhub retrieved 2021 01 09 welcome menizibeya osain 2018 gastrointestinal physiology development principles and mechanisms of regulation cham switzerland springer p 628 isbn 978 3 319 91056 7 oclc 1042217248 22 5c muscularis medicine libretexts 2018 07 22 retrieved 2024 02 09 siu som histology gi www siumed edu archived from the original on 2021 01 11 retrieved 2021 01 09 feher joseph 2017 quantitative human physiology an introduction 2nd ed academic press p 792 isbn 978 0128031117 gastric pits are indentations in the stomach that each open into four or five range 2 7 gastric glands how does the stomach work national institute of health national library of medicine institute for quality and efficiency in health care iqwig 21 august 2009 retrieved 16 june 2024 mescher anthony l 2021 junqueira s basic histology text and atlas 16th ed mcgraw hill pp 334 337 isbn 978 1260462982 the distribution of cell types within gastric glands varies significantly between the cardiac fundic and pyloric regions reflecting the specific digestive requirements of each area 1 2 dorland s 2012 dorland s illustrated medical dictionary 32nd ed elsevier p 777 isbn 978 1 4160 6257 8 gallego huidobro j pastor l m april 1996 histology of the mucosa of the 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forehead cheek chin eyebrow eye eyelid nose mouth lip tongue tooth ear jaw mandible occiput scalp temple neck adam s apple throat nape torso trunk abdomen waist midriff navel vertebral column back thorax breast nipple pelvis genitalia penis scrotum vulva buttocks anus limbs arm shoulder axilla elbow forearm wrist hand finger fingernail thumb index middle ring little leg hip thigh knee calf foot ankle heel toe toenail sole v t e anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract excluding the mouth upper pharynx muscles spaces peripharyngeal retropharyngeal parapharyngeal retrovisceral danger prevertebral pterygomandibular raphe pharyngeal raphe buccopharyngeal fascia pharyngobasilar fascia pyriform sinus esophagus sphincters upper lower glands crop stomach curvatures greater lesser angular incisure cardia body fundus pylorus gastric mucosa gastric folds microanatomy gastric pits gastric glands cardiac glands fundic glands pyloric glands foveolar cells parietal cells gastric chief cells enterochromaffin like cells lower small intestine microanatomy intestinal villi microvilli intestinal glands enterocytes enteroendocrine cells goblet cells paneth cells duodenum suspensory muscle major duodenal papilla minor duodenal papilla duodenojejunal flexure brunner s glands jejunum no substructures ileum ileocecal valve peyer s patches microfold cells large intestine cecum appendix colon ascending colon hepatic flexure transverse colon splenic flexure descending colon sigmoid colon continuous taenia coli haustra epiploic appendix rectum transverse folds ampulla anal canal anus anal columns anal valves anal sinuses pectinate line internal anal sphincter anocutaneous line external anal sphincter wall serosa adventitia subserosa muscular layer submucosa circular folds mucosa muscularis mucosa authority control databases international gnd national united states france bnf data japan czech republic spain latvia israel other terminologia anatomica yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title stomach oldid 1357679219 categories stomach abdomen digestive system organs anatomy hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata cs1 maint location all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from may 2020 articles with unsourced statements from october 2019 articles with imported creative commons attribution 4 0 text cs1 maint multiple names authors list cs1 maint doi inactive as of july 2025 articles containing greek language text commons link from wikidata webarchive template wayback links this page was last edited on 4 june 2026 at 00 59 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers 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