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of contents anti western sentiment 25 languages العربية azərbaycanca беларуская тарашкевіца български বাংলা کوردی čeština ελληνικά español فارسی français hausa עברית italiano 한국어 nederlands polski português română русский српски srpski türkçe українська tiếng việt 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia hatred or opposition towards the western world or its people not to be confused with anti americanism anti western genre or anti white racism this article needs more citations please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed find sources anti western sentiment news newspapers books scholar jstor july 2025 learn how and when to remove this message chinese pamphlet issued during the boxer rebellion depicting the europeans represented as having goat heads being slaughtered and manchu officials shooting at a crucified pig meant to represent the corpus christi which is latin for the body of christ here anti western sentiment also known as anti atlanticism westophobia or westernophobia refers to the irrational fear broad opposition bias or hostility towards the people culture or policies of the western world 1 2 this sentiment is found worldwide it often stems from anti imperialism and criticism of past colonial actions by western powers for example in africa figures like patrice lumumba and mobutu sese seko blamed the west for imperialism in the congo region in ethiopia resentment over internal politics and conflict resolution during the tigray war led to anti western sentiment in the middle east pan arabism and islamism contribute to anti western attitudes jihadist groups like al qaeda and isis view western countries as targets for terrorism due to perceived insults against islam and military interventions in muslim countries many latin american countries harbor criticism due to historical american and european interventions in russia anti western sentiment has been endorsed by many russian leaders have traditionally rejected western liberalism which they see as a threat citation needed to russian hegemony in the region the phenomenon is often exacerbated by contemporary events in recent decades anti western feelings have been fueled by factors such as the iraq war support for israel and sanctions against countries like iran definition and usage edit the iraqi journalist ghaith abdul ahad argued in a 2012 opinion piece for the guardian that modern anti western sentiment in particular the form which exists in the muslim world stems from perceptions of western nations as imperialist abdul ahad further argued that although european nations are frequently deemed guilty for colonial crimes of the past and present opposition to united states foreign policy including america s support for israel the us led occupation of iraq and american sanctions against iran in particular constitutes the primary driving factor behind anti western sentiment 3 samuel p huntington argued in 1993 that after the cold war ended international conflict over economic ideology would be replaced with conflict over cultural differences 4 his clash of civilizations argues that economic and political regionalism will increasingly shift non western countries towards geopolitical engagement with countries that share their values he argues that muslim population growth simultaneous to a growth in islamic fanaticism is leading to a rejection of westernization africa edit main articles pan africanism decolonisation of africa and neo colonialism anti american graffiti at mogadishu referring to the bloody monday raid democratic republic of the congo edit congolese independence leader patrice lumumba blamed the western world for imperialism on 1 august 1960 he gave a speech that indicated in no ambiguous terms that the united nations its secretary general the united states and the western powers were all corrupt entities 5 during the congo crisis lumumba received support from the soviet union which contributed to his overthrow and execution by the western backed mobutu sese seko when mobutu became leader of the congo he renamed the country zaire and created the national policy of authenticité or zaireanization which aimed to remove all western cultural influence from the country in 2001 anti western sentiment skyrocketed in the congo following the assassination of the congolese president laurent kabila with many congolese citizens blaming the western world for his death 6 ethiopia edit anti western sentiment was broadly expressed in ethiopia during the tigray war as a result of resentment over pressure in internal politics and request over resolution of the conflict 7 on 30 may 2021 a pro government rally took place in addis ababa to protest an international pressure denouncing western intervention and us economic and security assistance sanctions protestors also waved banners supporting the controversial grand ethiopian renaissance dam project 8 on 22 october 2022 tens of thousands protestors took a demonstration in addis ababa s meskel square whereas the other cities in ethiopia including bahir dar gondar adama dire dawa and hawassa also hosted a similar demonstration to denounce the intervention 9 ghana edit kwame nkrumah with ernesto che guevara january 1965 kwame nkrumah the first president of ghana had a staunch anti western stance and blamed the united states for many of africa s difficulties 10 nigeria edit located in northeastern nigeria the name of the extremist islamic terrorist group boko haram translates to western education is forbidden or western civilization is forbidden citation needed zimbabwe edit former zimbabwean president robert mugabe used anti western rhetoric in his speeches 11 asia edit main article pan asianism china edit main articles anti western sentiment in china and sinocentrism see also boxer rebellion and wolf warrior diplomacy anti western pamphlet issued during the boxer rebellion showing lynching of christian missionaries derogatorily referred to as ghosts here by the chinese natives and burning of their books anti western sentiment in china has been increasing since the early 1990s particularly among chinese young adults 12 notable incidents which have resulted in a significant anti western backlash have included the 1999 nato bombing of the chinese embassy in belgrade 13 the 2008 demonstrations during the olympic torch relay 14 and alleged western media bias 15 especially in relation to the 2008 tibetan unrest 16 while available public opinion polls show that the chinese people view the united states in a positive light there remains suspicion over the west s motives toward china stemming largely from historical experiences specifically the century of humiliation 17 18 these suspicions have been increased by the chinese communist party s patriotic education campaign 19 although chinese millennials are largely apathetic to politics china s gen z now has an unprecedentedly low opinion of the west and western values since the reform and opening up of the 1970s citation needed young chinese have grievances such as the western alienation of chinese tech companies anti east asian racism anti chinese propaganda and pressure on china s internal affairs among other issues in a study conducted by toronto university in april 2020 4 out of every 5 chinese people under 30 years old said they do not trust americans 20 21 india edit see also hindu nationalism and hindutva although opinion polls suggest positive views towards western countries today anti western sentiments were common during the british raj due to the indian independence movement 22 anti western sentiment is widespread within the hindu nationalist circles due to various factors like occidentalist caricatures and resentment against the anti hindu pro muslim attitude of the western world which it sees to be dominated by wokes and islamoleftists in the context of conflict between hindus and muslims 23 24 25 26 contempt for western values like secularism and liberalism is encouraged by the hindu nationalists as decolonialism 27 japan edit further information sakoku japanese militarism japanese new left foreign relations of japan europe and japan united states relations the greater east asia conference in november 1943 participants left to right ba maw zhang jinghui wang jingwei hideki tojo wan waithayakon josé p laurel subhas chandra bose there is a history of criticism of the west within the intellectual history of japan 28 korea edit historically anti western sentiment in korea has been linked to the opposition to the christian missionary activities in the region most notably by the donghak movement 29 30 31 more recently it has been related to the occasional difficulties in the american korean relationship in south korea and to a vastly more pronounced extent north korea 32 anti western sentiments was just that extreme in the early phases of the republic of korea 33 it was confined to a very small number of people who faced arrest and jail under the national security law 1948 34 the rhee administration largely exploited the national security act to garner support for his extreme right wing power base its use also ensured that anti americanism remained the preserve of extremists ready to risk arrest in practice this meant that anti americanism remained intimately intertwined it was associated with marxism leninism until the onset of the democratisation movement 35 singapore edit lee kuan yew the former prime minister of singapore argued that east asian or confucian countries such as china japan korea and vietnam should develop based on asian values or what is generally referred to as confucian or sinitic values 36 in other words countries such as the four asian tigers should aspire to have western style standards of living without accepting liberal democratic social institutions and principles the asian values are primarily influenced by the ideals of confucianism notably filial piety and social cohesion 37 the concept of asian values is widely criticized as a means for instituting authoritarianism notably by amartya sen 38 middle east edit main article pan arabism islamism edit main articles islamism and israeli palestinian conflict anti american protests in iran together with political salafis jihadists also called salafist jihadists view christian europe as a land inhabited by infidels dar al kufr for jihadists this makes christian europe a just target for armed jihad e g acts of war or terrorist attacks jihadists refer to such lands as dar al harb lands of war 39 jihadists themselves motivate their attacks in two prominent ways to resist western christian military intervention in muslim countries especially those committed in favour of israel and to discourage perceived insults against islam such as the muhammad cartoons 40 john calvert writes that in their critique of the west islamists quote western thinkers like alexis carrel oswald spengler arnold j toynbee and arthur koestler 41 extremists terrorist groups al qaeda and isil isis are said to be both anti western they have been known to promote terrorism in western countries and anti western countries most notably russia 42 europe edit russia edit further information eurasianism russian world russian neo imperialism and golden billion russian president vladimir putin with religious leaders of russia 2015 putin has promoted religious traditionalism and the rejection of some western liberal principles like toleration of homosexuality samuel p huntington in clash of civilizations classifies russia and the rest of orthodox europe as a different civilization from western civilization 43 anti western sentiment in russia dates back to the 19th century intellectual debate between westernizers and slavophiles while the former deemed russia to be a lagging western country the latter rejected these claims outright and considered western europe to be rotten whence the russian language cliche phrase rotten west an important anti western figure during the reign of alexander iii of russia was konstantin pobedonostsev a former liberal who eventually renounced and thoroughly criticized his former views under the soviet union the west eventually became synonymous with the capitalist world resulting in the appearance of the famous propagandist cliché corrupting influence of the west after the cold war a number of politicians in the russian federation have supported an explicit promotion of russian orthodox traditionalism and a rejection of western liberalism some ultra nationalist politicians such as the late vladimir zhirinovsky express the most anti western sentiment vladimir putin has promoted explicitly conservative policies in social cultural and political matters both at home and abroad putin has attacked globalism and neoliberalism 44 and promoted new think tanks that stress russian nationalism the restoration of russia s historical greatness and systematic opposition to liberal ideas and policies 45 putin has collaborated closely with the russian orthodox church in this cultural campaign patriarch kirill of moscow head of the church endorsed his election in 2012 stating putin s terms were like a miracle of god 46 47 the russian orthodox church is known to host groups that promote nationalist and anti western tendencies 48 49 the russian government has restricted foreign funding of some liberal ngos pro russian activists in the former soviet union frequently equate the west with homosexuality and the gay agenda 50 the 2013 russian gay propaganda law was welcomed by nationalist and religious political figures in russia as a bulwark against western influence citation needed putin with heads of delegations at the 16th brics summit in kazan russia in october 2024 the yarovaya law prohibits evangelism by religious minorities it was used to ban the united states based jehovah s witnesses 51 in 2023 russia adopted a eurasianist anti western foreign policy strategy in a document titled the concept of the foreign policy of the russian federation approved by vladimir putin the document defined russia as a unique country civilization and a vast eurasian and euro pacific power that seeks to create a greater eurasian partnership by pursuing close relations with china india countries of the islamic world and rest of the global south latin america and sub saharan africa the policy identifies united states and other anglosphere as the main inspirer organizer and executor of the aggressive anti russian policy of the collective west and seeks the end of geopolitical american dominance in th...
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