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y deep gratitude to all the other founding members of the ema as well as to all the many people who at some stage and in whatever capacity contributed to the development and improvement of the master s programme and the other eiuc activities among the 10 university professors of different member states of the european union who founded e ma in 1997 there was one outstanding personality who made all the difference i am referring to the late professor antonio papisca from the university of padua who together with daniela napoli of the european commission was the driving force behind this project and our first director the tribute that we pay to him today is more than fully deserved the fortunate ones who knew him and worked with him will remind his vision and wisdom his humanism and commitment to peace his serene determination his optimism his personal kindness and gentle manners his death represented a major loss not only to his beloved university but also to the common endeavor that he more than any other else personified this tribute should be extended to the university of padua itself which for several years provided the necessary institutional and administrative support to e ma including the enrolment of students collection of fees organization of exams etc before the setting up of eiuc in 2002 and later on the creation of the joint degree our institutional thanks should be extended to the municipality of venice and the region of veneto which have provided to e ma and subsequently to eiuc the necessary premises and financial and political support venice can be proud of hosting not only e ma and eiuc but also the so called venice commission the independent expert body on democracy and rule of law of the council of europe of which i was also a member in a way venice concentrates the 3 pillars of the golden triangle of the european core constitutional values namely democracy rule of law and human rights 2 a common european hr space having been here since the beginning and having witnessed the extraordinary progress that was achieved i take this opportunity to share with all of you a few brief impressions about what has been done the challenges we face and the options regarding our future the first mission of e ma was the creation of a common european hr space and the preparation of a corps of eu hr experts and professionals e ma was born out of the interest of the eu to pool academic resources on human rights on a european network of universities and a center for the post graduate teaching and research on human rights as a means to enhance the role of the union in this field through learning and capacity building ours was the vision to create a common european academic hr space as antonio papisca put it once let us recall that at that time there was already a constitutional commitment of the eu to human rights in the maastricht treaty of 1992 and that the copenhagen criteria for the accession of new member states to the eu established in 1993 included the respect of democracy and human rights the idea of an european charter of fundamental rights was being surfaced after the european court of justice had rejected the initiative of the commission for the accession of the eu to the european convention of human rights ten years later the charter of fundamental rights adopted in 2000 was given legal force by the lisbon treaty which also requires that the eu accedes to the european convention of human rights with these two crucial steps the eu became the first supranational political entity to be bound both by a bill of rights and by an international convention of human rights including an international court of human rights which originally were established for sovereign states the same development occurred with the democratic dimension of the union whereas the maastricht treaty had created the european citizenship and the attached citizenship rights the lisbon treaty added to the union treaty a chapter on democratic principles setting up the constitutional foundations of the representative democracy ant the participatory democracy in the union with these developments e ma and eiuc became even more important in view of the enhancement of human rights and democratic awareness in the union as well as the providing the union with the necessary hr high skilled experts and professionals this is the more so today if we take into consideration the damage that the recent deep financial crisis brought to economic and social rights in several eu member states and the new frontiers of human rights pushed by technical societal and cultural developments gender and sexual related rights privacy and the internet media euthanasia religious radicalism etc as well as the current direct challenges to hr democracy and rule of law in a number of member states particularly regarding the surge of terrorism the rise of populist movements and of racism and xenophobia and the humanitarian response to the flood of refugees crossing the mediterranean also at the borders of the eu illiberal democracies or sheer autocracies defy the very notion of democratic freedoms once again we need in europe a solid political and practical commitment to hr and democracy strong enough to counter the rise of doubts and even skepticism regarding the value of hr enjoyment and the effectiveness of democratic values unfortunately we can no longer take hr for granted as we were led to think two decades ago as privileged members of the eu hr community with a mission to fulfill we have the obligation to stand up and raise the banners of the european constitutional values now enshrined in art 2 of the tue 3 towards the globalization of hr the second mission given do e ma eiuc was to implement the global hr policy of the eu when e ma was created the world political scene was the most favourable to the expansion of hr since the ii word war the so called third wave of democratisation and the fall of the berlin wall broadened dramatically the geographical scope for constitutional democracy and human rights in 1993 the vienna declaration on hr recovered the key notions of indivisibility and universality of hr which had been lost during the cold war in europe the eu evolved with the maastricht treaty and the lisbon treaty from a single market into a supranational political entity with a common foreign and secutiry policy cfsp including the promotion of human rights abroad for the first time the conditions were set for the fulfilling of the dream put forward by president roosevelt in his famous four freedoms address back in 1941 during world war ii to acknowledge and to respect the fundamental freedoms of everybody everywhere in the world this universalistic endeavor is even more needed today because of the spread of economic globalization which does not need only to be regulated by international law regarding its trade and investment and financial aspects it needs to be accompanied by a globalization of human rights including not only personal rights and public liberties but also labour rights and economic social and cultural rights the new field of international business and hr should be one of the major concerns of the hr discourse today the world wide respect of hr requires the establishment of a world awareness and culture of hr the eu shares this view that is why together with the internal dimension of hr and democracy in the union a second pillar was created with the consideration of the promotion and defense of hr and democracy in the external action of the union be it the cfp the trade policy or the development cooperation policy this is now explicitly established in art 21º tue after the lisboan treaty again in this fight for the universalization of hr e ma eiuc remains an indispensable mechanism for the promotion of the eu values and the implementation of the eu policies pertaining to hr and democracy in its different external action policies with this development a new task was conferred to e ma and eiuc which was to encourage and provide academic and financial assistance to the establishment of similar regional inter university hr programs and centers namely in the balkans sarajevo africa pretoria latin america and the caribbean buenos aires the caucasus yerevan the arab world beirut and asia pacif bangkok an innovative global campus on hr bringing together all these structures was established in venice in 2012 by the initiative of eiuc responding to a request from the eu and under the direction of a council comprising all the regional hr programs and centers the new role of e ma eiuc is to cater and to be the focal point of this network of regional hr centers and teaching programs we have now a global role and responsibility 4 the next challenges let me conclude considering the diversity of initiatives organized by eiuc which go much beyond e ma like the venice hr academy and the venice hr school and the added value of the overseas regional hr programmes looking at the many e ma graduates who have joined us today to celebrate our 20 th anniversary and the enthusiasm of the new masterini who now begin their academic year i feel that 20 years ago we could not have expected so much and that the most ambitious dreams have been vindicated we began with 10 universities now we are 41 in ema due to the subsequent enlargements of the union and the admission of two universities from each member state others would like to join all along these years we have graduated more than 15 hundred students most of whom are busy in hr related jobs manly in international organizations eu institutions and bodies government organizations and ngos while e ma and eiuc remain the backbone of the eu hr community these hr graduates are the army on the ground and the key evidence that the investment of the eu and of our universities is being rewarded they are our most valuable asset but we need now to look forward to the horizon of the next twenty years the fight for hr and democracy is a never ending story new frontiers will be open additional hurdles and challenges will arise in order to deliver we need vision and political will and sufficient financial resources but also an appropriate institutional setting we need no revolution rather we should elaborate upon and further what we already have it appears to me that eiuc and e ma have not exhausted their mandate they have been and in my view should remain so to say eu dedicated institutions however the new universal frontier of our mandate requires the setting up of a body that brings together the several existing networks of regional hr centers and programs with their different needs and conditions mainly supported and funded by the eu in order to tackle the legal difficulties and institutional resistances we need imagination determination and compromise but this is the stuff e ma and eiuc are made of since the very beginning once again we will need them in order do what needs to be done i am sure we will succeed once again thank you for your attention publicado por vital moreira 24 9 17 permanent link 18 de janeiro de 2017 mário soares o resistente mário soares líder fundador do ps da liberdade da democracia quem quis e pôs a europa connosco socialista pelos direitos humanos pela paz se tivesse de ter cognome na história de portugal seria o resistente porque quando outros se acomodaram contestou e lutou quando tantos calaram gritou quando quase todos não viam ou não queriam ver conspirou federou organizou por portugal livre e democrático vivíamos oprimidos ainda eu era menina e já mário soares era lenda pela bbc e radio voz de argel ouvidas clandestinamente chegavam notícias da sua resistência no exílio pisara a bandeira nacional numa manifestação em londres acusava o regime mentiras da pide explicava o meu pai ele é um patriota várias vezes preso deportado exilado a ditadura não o consegue quebrar e por isso o difama foi para ver e ouvir mário soares que acompanhei meu pai a reuniões de campanha da ceud na farsa eleitoral que a ditadura encenou em 1969 do teatro a entrecampos fugimos com a entrada da polícia na faculdade de direito em que entrei em novembro de 1972 um mês depois de a pide ter assassinado o estudante ribeiro santos juntei me à gente mais aguerrida contra o regime mais tarde percebi a ligação ao mrpp e ali me cruzei com joão soares parecido com o pai exilado sempre disponível para todas fomos suspensos por actividades subversivas no mesmo dia 24 de janeiro de 1974 três meses depois naquele extraordinário 25 de abril cruzamo nos no carmo frente à pide à noite em caxias ainda não se sabia no que aquilo ia dar e joão já tinha os pais no comboio a regressar do exílio em paris meus pais e meus sogros estavam na multidão que os esperava em santa apolónia no primeiro 1o de maio estávamos todos juntos a ouvir mário soares e álvaro cunhal o 25 de novembro de 1975 foi a última crise que vivi no mrpp com soares burguês mas democrata contra o revisionista cunhal pela democracia contra o sol da urss andei depois anos a ouvir críticas a mário soares no mne concorri em 1980 graças ao ministro mário soares que em 1975 abrira a carreira diplomática às mulheres e fora dele uns diziam que era da cia outros atacavam no pela descolonização pelas querelas partidárias e com o mfa conselho da revolução e entre são bento e belém onde eu jovem diplomata servia com orgulho e lealdade o presidente eanes no zap a candidatura de zenha velho amigo que mario não apoiou mas todos os grandes personagens com quem convivi por muitas discordâncias que tivessem nunca deixaram de respeitar admirar e até de se extasiar com o animal político mário soares destaco o saudoso ernesto melo antunes seu parceiro na condução da descolonização possível e na construção do quadro institucional democrático para quem trabalhava com eanes o primeiro ministro soares não mostrava especial interesse por timor leste mas no final do mandato e já candidato a pr em novembro de 1985 o pm mário soares foi à nunciatura almoçar com monsenhor ximenes belo em visita secreta o que ouviu teve impacto o presidente soares impôs no conselho de estado de 29 de julho de 1986 para choque do pm cavaco silva pergunta sobre autodeterminação num referendo que há anos vinha sendo negociado na onu para arrumar a questão nas eleições indonésias de 1987 o projecto sem princípios caiu por terra passou a ser estimulante discutir com o presidente soares o processo de timor ele sabia não poder desperdiçar se nenhuma oportunidade nem abdicar se de valores e princípios em 1995 depois de oslo e madrid mário soares foi o primeiro chefe de estado a visitar oficialmente israel e a autoridade palestina projectando pernoitar em gaza estava com arafat quando foi alvejado o pm rabin de quem se despedira de manhã em telavive vivi em gaza junto de mario soares e de sua mulher maria de jesus barroso aquela noite de pressão e angústia para todos incluindo lisboa de onde o pm guterres 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