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o maría sanguinetti is sworn in as the first democratically elected president of uruguay 18 march 3 the 8 0 m w algarrobo earthquake hits santiago and valparaíso chile leaving 177 dead 2 575 injured 142 489 houses destroyed and approximately a million people homeless 19 march 6 greek prime minister andreas papandreou instigated a constitutional crisis to divert voter s attention from the deterioration of the greek economy by suddenly not supporting konstantinos karamanlis for a second term as president of greece and violating constitutional voting protocol to get his presidential candidate to power at the same time he proposed a constitutional reforms to remove constitutional checks and balances constraining his position 20 march 8 a beirut car bomb planted in an attempt to assassinate islamic cleric sayyed mohammad hussein fadlallah kills more than 80 people and injures 200 more 21 march 11 mikhail gorbachev becomes general secretary of the soviet communist party and de facto leader of the soviet union 22 mohamed al fayed buys the london based department store company harrods 23 march 15 vice president josé sarney upon becoming vice president assumes the duties of president of brazil as the new president tancredo neves had become severely ill the day before sarney would later become brazil s first civilian president in 21 years upon neves death on april 21 24 march 16 lebanon hostage crisis us journalist terry anderson is taken hostage in beirut he remains a prisoner until december 4 1991 25 march 17 expo 85 an international exhibition opens in tsukuba ibaraki japan running until september 16 26 march 18 australia s longest running soap opera neighbours debuts on seven network 27 march 21 canadian paraplegic athlete and activist rick hansen sets out on his 26 month 40 000 kilometre 25 000 mi man in motion tour which raises us 26 million for spinal cord research and quality of life initiatives 28 march 25 the 57th academy awards are held in los angeles with amadeus winning best picture 29 the organization commune africaine et malgache is officially dissolved 30 march 29 two lockheed cc 130h hercules of the rcaf collided mid air above the canadian forces base in edmonton killing 10 servicemen march 31 the inaugural wrestlemania is held in madison square garden new york and is main evented by hulk hogan and mr t vs paul orndorff and roddy piper in a tag team match april edit soviet afghan war the soviet union begins to transfer the burden of fighting the mujahideen to the armed forces of the democratic republic of afghanistan a cause of the revolutions of 1989 april 1 telegraph and telephone public corporation and japan tobacco and salt public corporation are privatized and change their names to nippon telegraph and telephone and japan tobacco respectively april 12 el descanso bombing a terrorist bombing attributed to the islamic jihad organization in the el descanso restaurant near madrid spain mostly attended by u s personnel from the torrejón air base causes 18 deaths all spaniards and 82 injuries april 15 south africa ends its ban on interracial marriages 31 april 19 the soviet union performs a nuclear weapon test in eastern kazakhstan april 23 coca cola changes its formula and releases new coke the response is overwhelmingly negative and the original formula is back on the market in less than three months april 28 the australian nuclear disarmament party ndp splits may edit may 4 the 30th eurovision song contest takes place in gothenburg sweden and is won by the bobbysocks song la det swinge for norway 32 may 5 u s president ronald reagan joins west german chancellor helmut kohl for a controversial funeral service at a cemetery in bitburg west germany which includes the graves of 59 elite s s troops from world war ii 33 may 9 the 3rd total victory day parade the first being in 1945 and the next in 1965 is held on red square in moscow in the soviet union it features t 34 85 tanks veterans of world war ii from poland czechoslovakia and the soviet union and is the first parade to be held during the reign of mikhail gorbachev may 11 the fbi brings charges against the suspected heads of the five mafia families in new york city bradford city stadium fire a fire engulfs a wooden stand at the valley parade stadium in bradford england during an association football match killing 56 people 34 may 13 philadelphia police drop bombs on a row home occupied move during a gun battle between police and move killing six adults and five children 35 may 15 argentine president raúl alfonsín terminates argentine administration of the falkland islands but does not relinquish argentina s claim to the islands may 16 scientists of the british antarctic survey announce the discovery of the ozone hole 36 37 38 may 25 approximately 10 000 people are killed when bangladesh is affected by the storm surge from tropical storm one 1b may 26 young driver danny sullivan beats veteran mario andretti to win the 1985 indianapolis 500 39 may 29 heysel stadium disaster thirty nine spectators are killed in rioting on the terraces during the european cup final between liverpool f c and juventus 0 1 at heysel stadium in brussels belgium may 31 forty four tornadoes hit ohio pennsylvania new york and ontario including a rare and powerful f5 in total the event kills 90 people june edit june 6 the remains of josef mengele the physician notorious for nazi human experimentation on inmates of auschwitz concentration camp buried in 1979 under the name of wolfgang gerhard are exhumed in embu das artes brazil 40 june 14 twa flight 847 carrying 153 passengers from athens to rome is hijacked by a hezbollah fringe group one passenger u s navy petty officer robert stethem is killed greek police arrest a 65 year old lebanese suspect on september 21 2019 41 the schengen agreement is signed between certain member states of the european economic community creating the schengen area a bloc of at the time 5 states with no internal border controls 42 june 15 studio ghibli an animation studio is founded in tokyo 43 june 20 1985 nepal bombings a series of bomb blasts occurs in kathmandu and other cities of nepal 44 june 22 british and irish police foil a mainland bombing campaign sponsored by the provisional irish republican army which targets luxury vacation resorts june 23 air india flight 182 a boeing 747 is blown up by a terrorist bomb 31 000 feet 9 500 m above the atlantic ocean south of ireland on a montreal london delhi flight killing all 329 aboard 45 june 24 sts 51 g space shuttle discovery completes its mission best remembered for having sultan bin salman al saud the first arab and first muslim in space as a payload specialist 46 june 26 the iconic u s route 66 is officially decommissioned 47 july edit live aid at jfk stadium in philadelphia july 1 the convention on the transfer of sentenced persons enters into force 48 july 10 the greenpeace vessel rainbow warrior is bombed and sunk in auckland harbour by french dgse agents 49 aeroflot flight 5143 crashes near uchquduq uzbek ssr soviet union killing all 200 people on board july 13 live aid benefit concerts in london and philadelphia raise over 50 million for famine relief in ethiopia july 19 new hampshire teacher christa mcauliffe is selected as the first person to go into space under the teacher in space project and designated to ride aboard the space shuttle challenger 50 the val di stava dam collapses in italy killing 268 people destroying 63 buildings and demolishing eight bridges july 20 apartheid state president of south africa p w botha declares a state of emergency in 36 magisterial districts of south africa amid growing civil unrest in black townships august edit august 2 delta air lines flight 191 crashes near dallas texas united states killing 137 people august 12 japan air lines flight 123 crashes in japan killing 520 people including japanese singer kyu sakamoto it is the worst single aircraft disaster in aviation history there were only 4 survivors 51 august 14 the accomarca massacre takes place in ayacucho peru august 22 british airtours flight 28m the 737 s left engine catches fire while on its takeoff roll at manchester airport in the uk and 55 people are killed while trying to evacuate the aircraft 52 august 25 bar harbor airlines flight 1808 crashes in the united states killing all 8 on board including thirteen year old american celebrity schoolgirl samantha smith 53 september edit september 1 the wreck of the rms titanic is located by a joint american french expedition led by robert ballard whoi and jean louis michel ifremer using side scan sonar from rv knorr 54 september 6 midwest express airlines flight 105 a mcdonnell douglas dc 9 crashes just after takeoff from milwaukee killing all 31 on board september 13 super mario bros by nintendo the start of the mario series officially comes out september 19 an 8 0 m w earthquake strikes mexico city killing between 5 000 and 45 000 people and injuring 30 000 more september 20 the capital gains tax is introduced to australia 55 september 22 the plaza accord is signed by five nations 56 artists christo and jeanne claude wrap the pont neuf the oldest bridge in paris for two weeks 22 sep 5 oct 1985 the pont neuf wrapped attracts three million visitors 57 the pont neuf wrapped paris 1985 sep 22 oct 5 september 23 italian crime reporter giancarlo siani is killed by the camorra october edit october 1 operation wooden leg the israeli air force bombs palestine liberation organization headquarters near tunis october 3 the space shuttle atlantis makes its maiden flight october 7 the cruise ship achille lauro is hijacked in the mediterranean sea by four heavily armed palestinian terrorists one passenger american leon klinghoffer is killed october 16 the finnish dry cargo ship ms hanna marjut on its way from mariehamn to naantali sinks in hard sea on the open water of kihti between the kökar and sottunga islands of åland leading to the drowning of four people 58 59 october 18 the nintendo entertainment system is released in north america helping revitalize the home video game industry after the video game crash of 1983 60 october 19 the first blockbuster store opened in dallas texas 61 october 25 the airline emirates is established in dubai and makes its first flight to karachi pakistan november edit november 6 palace of justice siege members of the 19th of april movement m 19 marxist guerrilla group take over the palace of justice of colombia in bogotá and hold the supreme court hostage hours later after a military raid the incident leaves almost half of the 25 supreme court justices dead the argentine tourist village of villa epecuén is permanently flooded through the collapse of a dam and dyke november 9 in an all soviet match 22 year old garry kasparov defeats anatoly karpov to become the youngest ever undisputed winner of the world chess championship november 12 a total solar eclipse occurs over antarctica at 14 11 22 utc november 13 armero tragedy the nevado del ruiz volcano erupts killing an estimated 23 000 people including 21 000 killed by lahars in the town of armero colombia november 19 cold war in geneva u s president ronald reagan and soviet union leader mikhail gorbachev meet for the first time november 20 microsoft corporation releases the first u s release of windows 1 0 as version 1 01 62 international support comes with the release of windows 1 02 in europe in may 1986 63 november 23 egyptair flight 648 is hijacked by the abu nidal group and flown to malta where egyptian commandos storm the plane 60 are killed by gunfire and explosions november 25 1985 aeroflot antonov an 12 shoot down a soviet aeroflot antonov an 12 cargo airplane en route from cuito cuanavale to luanda is shot down by south african special forces and crashes approximately 43 km 27 mi east of menongue the provincial center of the cuando cubango province angola killing 8 crew members and 13 passengers on board november 29 gérard hoarau exiled political leader from the seychelles is assassinated in london december edit december 1 the organization of ibero american states for education science and culture spanish organización e estados iberoamericanos para la educación la ciencia y la cultura oei is created the ford taurus and mercury sable are released for sale to the public in the us december 8 the south asian association for regional cooperation saarc is established december 11 hugh scrutton is killed outside his sacramento california computer rental store by a unabomber explosive becoming the first fatality of the bombing campaign december 12 arrow air flight 1285r a douglas dc 8 crashes after takeoff from gander newfoundland killing 256 people 248 of whom were u s servicemen returning to fort campbell kentucky after overseeing a peacekeeping force in the sinai peninsula 64 december 20 pope john paul ii announces the institution of world youth day for catholic youths december 27 rome and vienna airport attacks abu nidal terrorists open fire in the airports of rome and vienna leaving 18 dead and 120 injured american naturalist dian fossey is found brutally murdered in rwanda date unknown edit the fullerene buckminsterfullerene c 60 is first intentionally prepared by harold kroto james r heath sean o brien robert curl and richard smalley at rice university in the us dna is first used in a criminal case 65 the 1983 85 famine in ethiopia continues usa for africa we are the world and live aid raise funds for famine relief the union for aromanian language and culture an aromanian cultural organization is founded in freiburg im breisgau by the aromanian professor vasile barba bg 66 africa has a population growth of 3 2 percent per year world population edit world population 1985 1980 1990 world 4 830 979 000 4 434 682 000 396 297 000 5 263 593 000 432 614 000 africa 541 814 000 469 618 000 72 196 000 622 443 000 80 629 000 asia 2 887 552 000 2 632 335 000 255 217 000 3 167 807 000 280 255 000 europe 706 009 000 692 431 000 13 578 000 721 582 000 15 573 000 south america 401 469 000 361 401 000 40 068 000 441 525 000 40 056 000 north america 269 456 000 256 068 000 13 388 000 283 549 000 14 093 000 oceania 24 678 000 22 828 000 1 850 000 26 687 000 2 009 000 births and deaths edit main pages category 1985 births and deaths in 1985 nobel prizes edit physics klaus von klitzing chemistry herbert a hauptman jerome karle literature claude simon peace international physicians for the prevention of nuclear war economics franco modigliani nobel prize in physiology or medicine michael stuart brown joseph l goldstein references edit organisation for economic co operation and development committee for fisheries 1985 problems of trade in fishery products organisation for economic co operation and development p 157 isbn 978 92 64 12775 3 john higley richard gunther higley john 1992 elites and democratic consolidation in latin america and southern europe cambridge university press p 264 isbn 978 ...