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Text of the page (random words):
ience was largely gentile rather than jewish since it contains few old testament quotations or distinctly jewish forms of expression 17 the epistle also partakes of the debate over jesus s nature the debate over flesh or the incarnation in early christianity some advocated for docetism a view that christ s figure on earth had been purely illusionary i e not in flesh most notably the group that would eventually become the gnostics were docetic 1 john fiercely denounces this belief in favor of the view that jesus had a real appearance in the flesh on earth chapter 4 writes that every spirit that confesses that jesus christ has come in the flesh is from god nrsv 31 and other passages say that jesus shed blood and if he could not shed blood then his death was meaningless chapter 2 also includes a passage that refers to a group of proto gnostics a group that was once with the church but have since left it and deny that the human jesus was also the spiritual christ the author denounces these secessionists as antichrists the introduction possibly also addresses the issue especially if the identification of the author as john or a pseudepigraphic claim to have been a disciple is assumed chapter 1 writes of having evidence of the truth via eyes and touch the author may thus be claiming to have known the physical jesus personally and is emphasizing his physicality as a flesh and blood person rather than a spirit or phantasm 32 reception history edit polycarp demonstrates familiarity with the first epistle of john and possibly the second epistle of john 33 eusebius noted that papias of hierapolis incorporated testimonies from 1 john in his works 34 surviving early manuscripts edit the end part of the second epistle of peter 3 16 18 and the beginning of the first epistle of john 1 1 2 9 on the same page of codex alexandrinus ad 400 440 the earliest written versions of the epistle have been lost some of the earliest surviving manuscripts include in greek codex vaticanus ad 300 325 codex sinaiticus 330 360 codex alexandrinus 400 440 codex ephraemi rescriptus c 450 fragmentary papyrus 74 7th century fragmentary in latin león palimpsest 7th century extant verses 1 john 1 5 5 21 35 including the text of the comma johanneum 1 john 5 7 36 the muratorian fragment dated to ad 170 cites chapter 1 verses 1 3 within a discussion of the gospel of john 37 papyrus 9 dating from the 3rd century has surviving parts of chapter 4 verses 11 12 and 14 17 38 different versions of the greek manuscript have different wording for some verses further information textual variants in the first epistle of john prologue edit verses 1 4 of the first chapter constitute a prologue or introduction concerning the incarnate word 39 like the prologue to john s gospel this introduction tells us that what the author proposes to write about is the word which is the life 40 anglican commentator alfred plummer notes that the similarity to the opening of the gospel is manifest but with a significant difference in that the gospel refers to the existence of the ancient greek λόγος lógos word before the creation whereas here the point is that the word existed before the incarnation 40 johannine comma edit codex montfortianus 1520 page 434 recto with 1 john 5 comma johanneum main article johannine comma a trinitarian gloss marginal note known as the johannine comma added to latin translations of the epistle in the 4th century 41 was interpolated added to the main text within 1 john 5 7 8 over the 1 john 5 7 8 over the course of the middle ages 41 although no greek manuscripts before the 15th century include the passage erasmus added it to later editions of his edition of the new testament beginning in 1522 42 bibles translated from his edition integrate the passage including the king james version 1611 which renders it as follows in italics 7 for there are three that beare record in heaven the father the word and the holy ghost and these three are one 8 and there are three that beare witnesse in earth the spirit and the water and the blood and these three agree in one 43 translations made since the 18th century and based on a critical edition do not include this text or include it as a footnote because the addition supports the doctrine of trinitarianism it featured in protestant and catholic debates on this subject in the early modern period final verse edit little children keep yourselves from idols amen 44 plummer suggests that here as at the end of john s gospel 45 and the second epistle 46 amen is the addition of a copyist 40 the textus receptus version includes ἀμήν amen at the end but critical editions do not 47 to the parthians edit around 415 augustine of hippo wrote a commentary in latin on the epistle of john to the parthians in latin ad parthos in which he identifies the addressees of john s letter as parthians it has occasionally been suggested that this refers to a community of converts in the jewish community of babylonia around 730 bede wrote that athanasius of alexandria had also believed in a parthian destination for 1 john this tradition however is known only from latin sources three late greek manuscripts of 2 john label it to the parthians on balance it is likely that john s first letter was written for the ephesian church and that the parthian label results from a misreading or misunderstanding 48 uses edit music edit 1 john 4 16 is a song title in the album the life of the world to come inspired by this verse which was released by the american band the mountain goats in 2009 49 see also edit if the world hates you john the apostle john the evangelist notes edit the book is sometimes called the first letter of john or simply 1st john 2 which is also its most common form of abbreviation 3 references edit aland kurt aland barbara 1995 the text of the new testament an introduction to the critical editions and to the theory and practice of modern textual criticism translated by rhodes erroll f 2nd ed grand rapids mi wm b eerdmans publishing co p 159 isbn 978 0 8028 4098 1 archived from the original on october 5 2023 esv pew bible wheaton il crossway 2018 p 1021 isbn 978 1 4335 6343 0 archived from the original on june 3 2021 bible book abbreviations logos bible software archived from the original on april 21 2022 retrieved april 21 2022 mendez hugo 2025 the gospel of john a new history oxford university press isbn 978 0197686126 what is true of 1 john is true of the other epistles admittedly 2 john and 3 john present themselves as works by the elder this title however is not incompatible with the idea that the letters share the same authorial cast as 1 john on the contrary the characterization of the narrator is so consistent across the epistles that even today most critical commentators speculate that a single author penned the three letters 1 2 3 harris stephen l understanding the bible palo alto mayfield 1985 1 john p 355 356 wilder p 214 barbour p 346 barbour p 348 1 2 burton ernest dewitt 1896 the epistles of john the biblical world 7 5 366 369 jstor 3140373 1 2 3 4 wilder amos 1957 introduction to the first second and third epistles of john in harmon nolan ed the interpreter s bible vol 12 abingdon press p 211 barbour j h 1896 the structure of the first epistle of saint john the biblical world 9 5 341 348 doi 10 1086 472075 jstor 3140289 s2cid 144652601 barbour p 342 greek text analysis 1 john 2 1 biblehub com morris leon 1994 1 john in carson d a france r t motyer j a wenham g j eds new bible commentary 21st century edition 4 illustrated reprint revised ed inter varsity press p 1401 isbn 9780851106489 meyer h a w 1880 meyer s nt commentary on 1 john 2 translated from the german sixth edition accessed 14 april 2024 wilder p 212 1 2 burton p 367 burton p 366 mendez hugo 2025 the gospel of john a new history oxford university press isbn 978 0197686126 what is true of 1 john is true of the other epistles admittedly 2 john and 3 john present themselves as works by the elder this title however is not incompatible with the idea that the letters share the same authorial cast as 1 john on the contrary the characterization of the narrator is so consistent across the epistles that even today most critical commentators speculate that a single author penned the three letters dodd c h 1 april 1937 the first epistle of john and the fourth gospel bulletin of the john rylands library 21 1 129 156 doi 10 7227 bjrl 21 1 5 méndez hugo 2026 the epistles of john origins authorship purpose cambridge university press p 46 isbn 978 1009689540 the johannine community in contemporary debate fortress academic 2024 p 10 isbn 978 1978717312 brown raymond 1979 the community of the beloved disciple mahwah nj pauli s press isbn 0809121743 page needed stephen l harris understanding the bible palo alto mayfield 1985 355 ehrman bart d 2004 the new testament a historical introduction to the early christian writings new york oxford p 468 isbn 0 19 515462 2 although ancient traditions attributed to the apostle john the fourth gospel the book of revelation and the three epistles of john modern scholars believe that he wrote none of them harris stephen l understanding the bible palo alto mayfield 1985 p 355 kelly joseph f 1 october 2012 history and heresy how historical forces can create doctrinal conflicts liturgical press p 115 isbn 978 0 8146 5999 1 the johannine community in contemporary debate fortress academic 2024 p 10 isbn 978 1978717312 the new jerome biblical commentary edited by raymond e brown s s union theological seminary new york ny william j dalton s j roland e murphy o carm emeritus the divinity school duke university durham nc the johannine epistles pheme perkins with a foreword by his eminence carlo maria cardinal martini s j prentice hall englewood cliffs new jersey 1990 barbour p 341 1 john 4 2 ehrman bart 2012 forgery and counterforgery the use of literary deceit in early christian polemics oxford university press p 431 437 isbn 9780199928033 furlong dean 2020 the identity of john the evangelist fortress academic isbn 978 1978709317 polycarp bishop of smyrna demonstrates familiarity with 1 john and possibly 2 john 7 in his extant latter to the church at phillippi méndez hugo 2026 the epistles of john origins authorship purpose cambridge university press pp 16 17 isbn 978 1009689540 bruce m metzger the early versions of the new testament oxford university press 1977 p 316 aland b aland k j karavidopoulos c m martini b metzger a wikgren 1993 the greek new testament stuttgart united bible societies p 819 isbn 978 3 438 05110 3 cite book cs1 maint multiple names authors list link ubs4 the muratorian fragment translated by bruce metzger earlychristianwritings com retrieved 9 july 2018 comfort philip w david p barrett 2001 the text of the earliest new testament greek manuscripts wheaton illinois tyndale house publishers p 79 isbn 978 0 8423 5265 9 jerusalem bible 1966 1 john 1 2 3 plummer a 1896 cambridge bible for schools and colleges on 1 john 1 accessed 23 september 2020 1 2 houghton h a g 2016 the latin new testament a guide to its early history texts and manuscripts oxford oxford university press pp 178 179 doi 10 1093 acprof oso 9780198744733 001 0001 isbn 978 0 19 874473 3 mcdonald grantley 2017 the johannine comma from erasmus to westminster in dirk van miert henk j m nellen piet steenbakkers jetze touber eds scriptural authority and biblical criticism in the dutch golden age god s word questioned vol 1 oxford oxford university press pp 61 72 doi 10 1093 oso 9780198806837 003 0003 isbn 978 0 19 880683 7 bible 1 john 5 7 8 king james version bible 1 john 5 21 new king james version nkjv bible john 21 25 bible 2 john 1 13 bible 1 john 5 21 the greek new testament sbl edition 2010 by society of biblical literature and logos bible software w hall harris iii 1 2 3 john comfort and counsel for a church in crisis biblical studies press 2003 pp 18 19 the mountain goats the life of the world to come music review slant magazine 2009 10 05 retrieved 2012 03 15 bibliography edit robert dabney the doctrinal various readings of the new testament greek 1894 p 32 this article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain easton matthew george 1897 john first epistle of easton s bible dictionary new and revised ed t nelson and sons external links edit english wikisource has original text related to this article 1 john wikiquote has quotations related to first epistle of john bible 1 john public domain audiobook at librivox various versions english translation with parallel latin vulgate archived 2020 09 01 at the wayback machine online bible at gospelhall org esv kjv darby american standard version bible in basic english multiple bible versions at bible gateway nkjv niv nrsv etc first epistle of john general epistle preceded by second peter new testament books of the bible succeeded by second john v t e first epistle of john persons cain john john jesus christ terms phrases antichrist johannine comma comma johanneum spirit of truth related authorship textual variants sources greek text latin vulgate wycliffe version king james version american standard version world english version v t e books of the bible old testament hebrew bible protocanon genesis exodus leviticus numbers deuteronomy joshua judges ruth 1 2 samuel 1 2 kings 1 2 chronicles ezra nehemiah esther job psalms proverbs ecclesiastes song of songs isaiah jeremiah lamentations ezekiel daniel hosea joel amos obadiah jonah micah nahum habakkuk zephaniah haggai zechariah malachi deuterocanon or apocrypha catholic eastern orthodox others tobit judith additions to esther 1 maccabees 2 maccabees wisdom sirach baruch letter of jeremiah additions to daniel susanna song of the three children bel and the dragon eastern orthodox others 1 esdras 2 esdras prayer of manasseh psalm 151 3 maccabees 4 maccabees orthodox tewahedo enoch jubilees 1 2 and 3 meqabyan paralipomena of baruch broader canon syriac peshitta psalms 152 155 2 baruch beta israel testaments of the three patriarchs abraham isaac jacob new testament canon matthew mark luke john acts romans 1 corinthians 2 corinthians galatians ephesians philippians colossians 1 thessalonians 2 thessalonians 1 timothy 2 timothy titus philemon hebrews james 1 peter 2 peter 1 john 2 john 3 john jude revelation antilegomena acts of paul apocalypse of peter didache gospel of the hebrews epistle of barnabas 1 clement 2 clement 3 corinthians shepherd of hermas subdivisions chapters and verses sedarim pentateuch historical books wisdom books poetic books prophetic books major prophets minor prophets gospels list synoptic epistles pauline johannine pastoral catholic apocalyptic literature development authorship jewish canon intertestamental period christian canon old testament canon new testament canon antilegomena apocrypha jewish old testament new testament pseudepigrapha old testament dating the bible manuscripts dead sea scrolls samaritan pentateuch septuagint targum diate...