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net number resource management dnssec and rpki 13 icann leaders and afrinic ceo adiel akplogan together in 2012 to establish an initiative to expand root name server instances in africa 48 in 2021 afrinic and the african telecommunications union established a partnership to accelerate adoption of ipv6 networks in africa due to ipv4 address exhaustion and to develop tools to measure internet performance 49 afrinic has supported the deployment of regional root name server copies that are compatible with both ipv4 and ipv6 13 50 afrinic and the internet society have worked together to train staff of internet exchange points and internet service providers to support routing more of africa s internet traffic within the continent instead of externally 51 52 the organizations have also partnered on measurement initiatives to evaluate internet performance and reliability across africa 53 54 for example they built a route analysis tool to learn about and monitor the amount of interconnection between internet exchange points within africa 55 together with manrs they have also trained network engineers for national research and education networks to improve the security of their networks 56 to promote internet expansion in africa afrinic has administered grants through its fund for internet research and development fire africa 57 58 organization edit as required by icann policy for regional internet registries afrinic is a non profit non governmental community led entity 59 the relevant icann policy is internet coordination policy 2 icp 2 criteria for establishment of new regional internet registries 59 service region edit map of regional internet registries showing afrinic s service region afrinic s service region is the continent of africa and adjacent islands in the atlantic and indian oceans including madagascar 60 it is divided into six sub regions to ensure regional representation on the organization s board of directors eastern region western region central africa northern africa southern africa and indian ocean 60 members edit membership is open to individuals companies organizations and governments that are based in and providing services in africa 61 companies and organizations with memberships include internet service providers internet exchange points data centers universities and banks 62 63 board of directors edit afrinic director aminata garba at world summit on the information society in 2016 the organization s by laws prescribe a nine member board of directors 61 six directors are elected to represent the six sub regions and two directors are elected based on professional expertise 61 the last seat on the board is filled by the chief executive officer 61 members elect directors at annual general member meetings normally in may or june 61 the organization s bylaws define quorum for this meeting as the presence of four regional directors one non regional director and five members 61 members vote at the meeting and prior to the meeting via electronic voting the elected directors serve three year terms 64 the directors elect a chair of the board and a vice chair 61 the directors appoint a chief executive officer which is a staff role 61 council of elders edit the afrinic council of elders which consists of up to six former board chairs advises the board 61 the council is not elected by organization members 65 in 2023 the council of elders consisted of nii n quaynor pierre s dandjinou viv padayatchy maimouna ndeye diop diagne and christian bope 66 staff edit staff carry out the daily operations of the organization including technical and administrative responsibilities the staff is structured in several departments ceo s office finance and accounting people and productivity capacity building communications and public relations infrastructure and security member services registry products stakeholder development and value added services 9 history edit formation edit nii quaynor founding chairman of afrinic before afrinic formed ip addresses for africa were distributed by the asia pacific network information centre apnic the american registry for internet numbers arin and the ripe ncc 2 at an internet society conference workshop in malaysia in 1997 alan barrett nii quaynor sana bellamine and nasha abdel baki developed a proposal for an african regional internet registry 67 68 an initial board of trustees came together in 2001 chaired by quaynor 67 the organization was established in mauritius with plans for technical operations in south africa backup and disaster recovery in egypt and training coordination in ghana 59 icann gave afrinic provisional approval in october 2004 69 the registry became operational in february 2005 59 and icann gave it final recognition in april 2005 59 70 adiel akplogan served as the founding ceo and stayed as ceo until 2015 71 barrett became ceo in 2015 72 ipv4 exhaustion process edit iana delegated relatively few ipv4 address blocks to afrinic but as of 2015 afrinic had a relatively large amount of ipv4 address space that it had not yet allocated to network operators 20 in april 2017 it became the last regional internet registry to run down to its last 8 block of ipv4 addresses 8 is cidr notation representing about 16 million addresses thus triggering the final phase of its ipv4 address exhaustion policy as a result afrinic implemented a soft landing policy for allocating the last 8 to its members 73 in phase 2 of the exhaustion period which started in january 2020 members with qualifying requests are eligible for allocations of 22 blocks of ipv4 addresses about 1 000 addresses each 74 staff said that about 1 million ipv4 addresses remained available as of 2024 11 in 2026 staff said that 783 872 ipv4 addresses remained available and that they had also recovered 3 million ipv4 addresses that could be reallocated 75 sexual harassment and bullying complaint edit in march 2018 the head of external relations alleged that the board chair vice chair and head of the financial department had planned to get her fired from her position 76 she also alleged that the chair had sexually harassed a staff member 76 an independent investigation committee found evidence of one incident of harassment but not bullying or intimidation and it found that the chair had breached his non disclosure agreement 76 77 the chair and vice chair resigned from their positions 76 some members criticized the investigation committee s findings and the board s handling of the allegations 65 in the may 2018 board election a majority of voters chose the none of the above option as a protest vote 65 theft of ip address space edit as early as 2013 afrinic ip addresses were misused to forward spam 78 in 2016 and 2017 independent researcher ronald guilmette notified afrinic of suspicious patterns of activity related to its ips 79 78 in march 2019 based on information from the u s federal bureau of investigation the supreme court of mauritius ordered the organization to investigate suspicious activities related to ipv4 blocks 80 81 in april 2019 south african technology news website mybroadband worked with guilmette to report that an afrinic senior staff member ernest byaruhanga had stolen 4 1 million ipv4 addresses over the previous several years 82 80 mybroadband initially estimated the market value of the theft as us 54 000 000 and revised their estimate to us 80 000 000 82 83 ipv4 addresses are a public resource not a private asset but companies value them because many networks and systems do not yet support the more abundant ipv6 addresses 84 82 companies and organizations sometimes sell or lease their unused ipv4 allocations to other entities 85 in this case byaruhanga changed whois registration records to reassign ipv4 address blocks from their rightful holders to companies that purchased the blocks on the grey market 84 82 some of the legitimate owners were inactive and many of the ip addresses were unused before they were taken 79 82 many of the stolen addresses were used to host gambling and pornography websites aimed at people in china 86 ceo alan barrett resigned in july 2019 87 eddy kayihura became ceo in october 2019 88 hired to address dysfunction and corruption in the organization 79 89 kayihura arranged for apnic to help afrinic with investigating the reports of theft 89 in december 2019 kayihura dismissed byaruhanga from the organization for theft of ip address space 90 the organization also filed criminal charges against byaruhanga 91 92 between january and july 2020 afrinic worked to reclaim stolen ip address blocks correct whois records and improve internal security measures 80 92 93 in august 2020 afrinic said that afri holdings ltd netstyle a ltd and elad cohen applied for an injunction against afrinic 94 80 mybroadband reported that cohen was connected to misappropriated ip address space 95 in early 2021 logic web inc initiated legal action against afrinic after afrinic reclaimed ip address space from the company 96 beginning of legal disputes with cloud innovation edit in june 2020 afrinic notified cloud innovation limited a company registered in seychelles and led by hong kong based businessman lu heng that the company had breached its registration service agreement 85 86 the concern was unrelated to byaruhanga s theft of ip addresses 86 afrinic alleged that cloud innovation had broken their registration agreement in multiple ways including by leasing ipv4 addresses to entities outside of the afrinic service region 85 97 cloud innovation s business partner larus limited a company based in hong kong also owned by lu leases ip addresses to customers such as china telecom and china mobile 86 97 98 cloud innovation contested the complaint on multiple grounds and said it had not broken any rules 85 86 afrinic responded in march 2021 with related requests and cloud innovation rejected the requests 85 in early july 2021 afrinic froze 6 2 million ip addresses it had assigned to cloud innovation between 2013 and 2016 86 99 85 cloud innovation sued afrinic to remove the restrictions on its ip address space and sought us 80 000 000 in damages for defamation 86 85 the supreme court of mauritius ordered the provisional freezing of up to us 50 000 000 in afrinic bank accounts 85 100 in the form of an ex parte action that allowed at own risk garnishment by cloud innovation 101 since afrinic had less than us 50 000 000 in its accounts all of its assets were frozen 102 on 15 july 2021 due to a court order afrinic restored cloud innovation s access to its ip address blocks 102 however afrinic bank assets remained frozen until 15 october 2021 when the mauritius high court granted the removal of the garnishee order 103 101 cloud innovation filed dozens of additional lawsuits against afrinic 18 including challenges to organizational procedures and operations with litigation that continued into 2026 104 lobbying edit in addition to cloud innovation lu is associated with the number resource society nrs a lobbying group established in 2021 that has criticized afrinic in online publications and videos 105 97 8 lu and nrs have advocated for changes to the regional internet registry system toward a market based model permitting private ownership and unrestricted sales and leasing of ip address space 97 18 lu has also financed blue tech wave media btw media which has published articles supporting private ownership of ip addresses criticizing icann and commenting on afrinic elections 106 dissolution of the board edit in early june 2022 afrinic s annual board election process involved several disputes and lawsuits resulting in almost half the board seats becoming vacant and staying vacant 107 102 cloud innovation and crystal web a former internet service provider in south africa that leases out ip address space through one of lu s companies 102 filed lawsuits that blocked procedural aspects of the election process 102 108 on 30 june 2022 the supreme court of mauritius ruled that afrinic s board of directors was invalid because the ceo had continued to run afrinic without a quorum 107 in july 2022 the number resource organization an organization of the five regional internet registries affiliated with icann sent a letter to the mauritius government that described cloud innovation s 25 lawsuits against afrinic as an attempt to cause irreparable harm to the core functions of afrinic said it would be very unfortunate for the african regional community if the above situation proves that the designation of mauritius as the place to locate afrinic has been wrong and asked the government to recognize afrinic as an international organization 109 105 the chair of the ripe address policy working group and a former afrinic board member criticized the letter including for not supporting mauritian self governance 105 110 afrinic requested the supreme court of mauritius to dismiss cloud innovation s lawsuits as vexatious litigation but in august 2022 the court ruled against the dismissal and allowed the lawsuits to continue 107 the judge concluded that the lawsuits were caused by the registry s determination to terminate the plaintiff s membership and did not find evidence that the lawsuits were vexatious 107 the ceo s contract expired in november 2022 and could not be renewed due to the lack of a complete board 8 without a ceo or board the staff continued to conduct basic operations but the organization came close to not being able to pay staff 8 john curran ceo of the american registry for internet numbers said afrinic s lack of formal leadership also made it difficult for the staff to respond to lawsuits 8 since the remaining elected directors did not have a quorum to hold new elections their three year terms eventually expired 108 111 in april 2025 some companies said their applications for address allocations were not getting processed in a timely manner 112 prompted by afrinic s problems and risks between 2023 and 2025 the number resource organization revisited the criteria and guidance for regional internet registries 113 112 they requested public input for internet coordination policy 2 icp 2 including to establish processes for de registering and reforming a regional internet registry if it cannot function 113 112 controversies and defamation cases edit in february 2023 lu and five additional people endorsed by the number resource society affiliated with lu ran for the apnic board on a reform platform 114 this made some apnic members concerned about concentration of power and commercialization of internet numbers including because of previous lawsuits and lobbying related to afrinic 8 115 116 none of those candidates won 117 114 the apnic board election had several challenges including allegations of code of conduct violations such as threats and intimidation 118 119 in may 2023 afrinic said that the number resource society nrs had provided afrinic members with misleading information regarding a purported 2023 board election and clarified...