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aesculus glabra wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 description 2 etymology 3 uses toggle uses subsection 3 1 native american ethnobotany 4 culture 5 references 6 further reading 7 external links toggle the table of contents aesculus glabra 21 languages asturianu azərbaycanca cebuano čeština deutsch esperanto español فارسی suomi français hrvatski bahasa indonesia italiano 한국어 русский simple english svenska українська tiếng việt winaray 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikispecies wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia species of tree ohio buckeye redirects here for the collegiate sports teams see ohio state buckeyes for the moniker see ohio for places in ohio named buckeye see buckeye disambiguation ohio buckeye conservation status least concern iucn 3 1 1 scientific classification kingdom plantae clade tracheophytes clade angiosperms clade eudicots clade rosids order sapindales family sapindaceae genus aesculus species a glabra binomial name aesculus glabra willd generalized natural range aesculus glabra commonly known as ohio buckeye 2 texas buckeye 3 or fetid buckeye 3 is a species of tree in the soapberry family sapindaceae native to north america its natural range is primarily in the midwestern and lower great plains regions of the united states extending southeast into the geological black belt of alabama and mississippi 4 it is also found locally in the extreme southwest of ontario on walpole island in lake st clair 5 it is found in a variety of natural habitats including streambanks upland mesic forests and along the margins of old fields 6 it is typically found in calcareous areas 7 description edit the leaves are palmately compound with five leaflets 8 16 cm 3 6 1 2 in long and broad the flowers are produced in panicles in spring red yellow to yellow green each flower 2 3 cm 3 4 1 1 4 in long with the stamens longer than the petals unlike the related yellow buckeye where the stamens are shorter than the petals the fruit is a round capsule 4 5 cm 1 1 2 2 in diameter containing one nut like seed 2 3 cm 3 4 1 1 4 in in diameter brown with a whitish basal scar the inedible seeds contain tannic acid and are poisonous to cattle and humans the young foliage shoots and bark are also poisonous to some degree 8 however native americans reportedly did eat buckeye fruit after boiling it to extract tannin 9 foliage and fruit inflorescence dried buckeye nuts closeup of trunk etymology edit the name stems from native americans clarification needed who called the nut hetuck which means buck eye the markings of the nut resembled the eyes of a deer 10 uses edit aesculus glabra has little use as a timber tree due to its soft light wood 8 although occasionally seen in cultivation the large copiously produced fruits make it generally undesirable as a street tree 2 extracts from a glabra have shown anti cancer properties 11 native american ethnobotany edit the lenape carried the nuts in their pockets for rheumatism and an infusion of ground nuts was mixed with sweet oil or mutton tallow for earaches they also ground the nuts and used them to poison fish in streams 12 13 native americans blanched buckeye nuts extracting the tannic acid for use in making leather citation needed the nuts can also be dried turning dark as they harden with exposure to the air and strung into necklaces similar to those made from the kukui nut in hawaii 14 culture edit a buckeye nut used in an early 20th century ad evoking the seal of ohio the ohio buckeye is the state tree of ohio and its name is an original term of endearment for the pioneers on the ohio frontier subsequently buckeye came to be used as the nickname and colloquial name for people from ohio 15 ohio state university adopted buckeyes officially as its nickname in 1950 and also uses the name for its sports teams 16 it came to be applied to any student or graduate of the university 17 buckeye candy made to resemble the tree s nut is made by dipping a ball of peanut butter fudge in milk chocolate leaving a circle of the peanut butter exposed 18 these are a popular treat in ohio especially during the christmas and college football seasons 19 20 buckeyes the nuts are a recurring motif in bill watterson s comic calvin and hobbes often as one of calvin s tools of torment 21 watterson himself grew up in chagrin falls ohio an eastern suburb of cleveland 22 references edit stritch l 2018 aesculus glabra iucn red list of threatened species 2018 e t60757589a60757592 doi 10 2305 iucn uk 2018 1 rlts t60757589a60757592 en retrieved 11 november 2021 1 2 aesculus glabra missouri botanical garden 1 2 aesculus glabra lady bird johnson wildlife center kartesz john t 2014 aesculus glabra county level distribution map from the north american plant atlas napa biota of north america program bonap retrieved 30 april 2021 ohio buckeye official website of the ontario government 18 july 2014 yatskievych george 2013 flora of missouri volume 3 missouri botanical garden press p 1087 weakley alan 2020 flora of the southeastern united states 1 2 ohio buckeye in silvics manual volume 2 hardwoods usda forest service weeks sally s 2010 native trees of the midwest identification wildlife values and landscaping use rev and expanded 2nd ed west lafayette ind purdue university press p 96 isbn 978 1 61249 001 4 why are ohioans called buckeyes the term was once an insult suzawa rita december 2022 evaluation of cytotoxic compounds from the buckeye tree aesculus glabra thesis the ohio state university hdl 1811 102444 tantaquidgeon gladys 1972 folk medicine of the delaware and related algonkian indians harrisburg pennsylvania historical commission anthropological papers 3 page 30 tantaquidgeon gladys 1942 a study of delaware indian medicine practice and folk beliefs harrisburg pennsylvania historical commission page 25 74 horton marcus 30 november 2019 football ohio state michigan rivalry inspires longstanding devotion the lantern retrieved 19 september 2020 why is ohio known as the buckeye state and why are ohioans known as buckeyes pdf ohio dnr archived from the original pdf on 2008 04 28 retrieved 2008 04 28 walsh christopher 2009 ohio state football triumph books random house inc p 120 isbn 978 1 60078 186 5 the ohio state university alumni association retrieved 19 september 2020 buckeyes food network retrieved 19 september 2020 campanelli john 22 november 2010 pdq s guide to the buckeye just in time for the osu michigan game the plain dealer retrieved 19 september 2020 the 10 best places for chocolate buckeye lovers around ohio columbus navigator retrieved 19 september 2020 calvin and hobbes by bill watterson for october 31 1988 gocomics 31 october 1988 retrieved 22 may 2024 bill watterson biography october 10 2023 retrieved march 17 2024 further reading edit darbyshire s j oldham m j 1985 ohio buckeye aesculus glabra on walpole island lambton county ontario canad field nat 99 3 370 372 doi 10 5962 p 355450 farrar j r 1995 ohio buckeye trees in canada fitzhenry whiteside ltd markham ontario and the canadian forest service ottawa p 157 external links edit wikimedia commons has media related to aesculus glabra national register of big trees aesculus glabra images at bioimages vanderbilt edu winter id pictures taxon identifiers aesculus glabra wikidata q1813339 wikispecies aesculus glabra apa 2310 bold 102149 col 65bzw eol 582241 eppo aecgl fna 242416013 gbif old 3189806 grin 1626 inaturalist 67790 ipa 3250 ipni 30124420 2 irmng 10976623 itis 28718 iucn 60757589 michiganflora 2658 mobotpf 281045 natureserve 2 135794 ncbi 322042 observation org 126333 open tree of life 199564 paldat aesculus_glabra pfaf aesculus glabra plant list kew 2624506 plants aegl powo urn lsid ipni org names 30124420 2 rhs 580 tropicos 15500003 vascan 9218 wisflora 2442 wfo wfo 0000522275 retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title aesculus_glabra oldid 1371247170 categories iucn red list least concern species aesculus plants used in traditional native american medicine symbols of ohio trees of northern america hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles with species microformats pages using gallery without a media namespace prefix wikipedia articles needing clarification from january 2026 all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from november 2020 commons link from wikidata taxonbars with 30 34 taxon ids this page was last edited on 25 august 2026 at 12 18 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents aesculus glabra 21 languages add topic