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menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 origins 2 450th turkistanisches battalion 3 ostmuselmanisches ss regiment 4 wola massacre 5 operation zeppelin 6 see also 7 references 8 notes 9 bibliography toggle the table of contents azerbaijani legion 14 languages العربية azərbaycanca čeština deutsch فارسی magyar հայերեն italiano 한국어 polski português русский türkçe українська edit links article talk english read view source view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read view source view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia azerbaijani legion aserbaidschanische legion late 1943 pattern of the patch worn by the azerbaijani legion active 2 august 1942 8 may 1945 allegiance nazi germany branch wehrmacht size up to 40 000 troops 1 engagements world war ii commanders notable commanders abdurrahman fatalibeyli military unit the azerbaijani legion german aserbaidschanische legion azerbaijani azərbaycan legionu was one of the foreign units of the wehrmacht it was formed in december 1941 on the eastern front as the kaukasische mohammedanische legion muslim caucasus legion and was re designated 1942 into two separate legions the north caucasian legion and the azerbaijani legion 2 it was made up mainly of former azerbaijani prisoner of war volunteers but also volunteers from other peoples in the area it was part of the ostlegionen it was used to form the 162nd turkistan infanterie division of the wehrmacht in 1943 3 similar to other ostlegionen it was organised to replenish the dwindling german manpower on the eastern front and to save the german blood at the front 4 the azerbaijani legion participated in the systematic killing of between 40 000 and 50 000 polish civilians in warsaw during the wola massacre 5 6 7 origins mufti of jerusalem muhammad amin al husseini on the day of his meeting with azerbaijani legionnaires the sweeping initial victories of operation barbarossa produced hundreds of thousands of soviet prisoners of war many of whom were not russian all of them were hungry many were starving in a mere eight months of 1941 1942 the invading german armies killed an estimated 2 8 million soviet pows through starvation exposure and summary execution conditions in the prison camps were atrocious there were no barracks or permanent housing the camps were simply open areas fenced off with barbed wire the prisoners had to lie in the sun then in mud and in the fall with temperatures as low as minus 30 degrees celsius faced the possibility of freezing to death 8 the foreign waffen beginnings were shrouded in great secrecy for fear of hitler s disapproval who was categorically opposed to any form of participation of soviet citizens in the war against russia but the german army s needs on the eastern front induced german commanders to accept the services of volunteers to fight the soviet regime even against the clear orders of the german high command 9 tens of thousands of them were muslims where most of them came from the soviet union in december 1941 a top secret memorandum ordered that the okw was to create two muslim units the turkestan legion consisting of central asian muslim volunteers such as turkomans uzbeks kazakhs kyrgyz karakalpaks and tajiks and the kaukasisch mohammedanische legion from caucasian muslims volunteers such as azerbaijanis dagestanis ingush and lezgins 10 the most numerous ethnicity among the muslims that served the germans were the turkestanis the first turkestani volunteers were integrated as a single battalion of the 444th security division in november 1941 and became an auxiliary force to help the germans fight the soviet partisans major andreas meyer mader was appointed as commander of the 444th battalion when meyer mader an austrian had served on the staff of chiang kai shek s national revolutionary army before world war ii 11 according to argumenty i fakty newspaper 40 000 azerbaijanis fought for nazi germany while 700 000 azerbaijanis were conscripted into soviet armies 12 450th turkistanisches battalion one of the posters of the azerbaijan legion during world war ii the 450th battalion was raised at legionowo then in general government and spent most of the summer patrolling the communications and rail networks between kharkiv and stalingrad however discipline became so bad that meyer mader was removed from command of the 450th battalion in 1943 in november 1943 meyer mader met heinrich himmler to offer his services to help raise and command a turkic ss unit himmler approved the broad plan and then transferred him into the ranks of the waffen ss and promoted him to the rank of ss obersturmbannührer lieutenant colonel on 14 december a meeting was held in berlin in the presence of the grand mufti of jerusalem mohammad amin al husayni the grand mufti approved the plan to raise a turkic muslim ss division and to give his spiritual leadership to influence the muslim volunteers 13 ostmuselmanisches ss regiment between november 1943 and january 1944 there was a series of meetings between meyer mader and muslim volunteers as a result of these meetings on 4 january 1944 it was decided to form the ostmuselmanisches ss regiment at the same meeting it was decided to disband the following wehrmacht battalions who would serve as a basis for a new platform 450th 480th 782nd 786th 790th 791st and i 94th turkistanische battalions aserbaidschanische 818th and volga tatar 831st many of the volunteers deserted at this time and the 818th defected to polish and ukrainian resistance movements in 1943 14 wola massacre polish civilians murdered during the wola massacre in warsaw august 1944 azerbaijani soldiers from the legion 111th regiment under the ss sonderregiment dirlewanger an infamous waffen ss penal unit led by ss oberführer oskar dirlewanger 15 16 participated in the systematic killing of between 40 000 and 50 000 polish civilians in warsaw during the wola massacre 16 5 6 7 two hours before midnight on 5 august the azerbaijani soldiers and the bergmann battalion attacked st lazarus hospital executed hundreds of patients doctors and nurses before burning it down 17 british historian martin windrow described dirlewanger s unit which included the azerbaijani legion as a terrifying rabble of cut throats foreign renegades sadistic morons and cashiered rejects from other units 18 operation zeppelin this section needs more citations please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed march 2023 learn how and when to remove this message operation zeppelin was initiated in 1942 by ss brigadeführer walter schellenberg who became in the middle of may 1943 the chief of section e of amt iv of the rsha the foreign intelligence service of the ss the ss obersturmbannführer lieutenant colonel georg greife was responsible for this operation as soon as the german troops had entered the territory of the north caucasus members of the different caucasus national committees started to set up the core of a state administration and other organizations for the eventuality that wehrmacht would force the passage in transcaucasia in the summer of 1942 the reich ministries for finances interior foreign affairs as well as the rsha created a special group sonderstab kaukasus the sonderstab special staff was under the aegis of unternehmen zeppelin the members of the sonderstab were to organize units of police forces to maintain order in the territory of the north caucasus and would constitute the organization apparatus of the state second set of insignia depicts turkestan caucasian and volga tatar units patches and rank badges operation zeppelin had many purposes creating intelligence groups for the collection and transmission of information from the ussr advocacy groups for the distribution of social national and religious propaganda rebel groups to organize and conduct a rebellion and sabotage groups for political sabotage and terror from wireless reports of these commandos behind the russian lines it is possible to determine what actions were taken it was envisaged to recruit the future civil servants among the prisoners of war of caucasian nationality who were in large numbers in the german camps of the north caucasus abbas bey atamalibekov directed the azerbaijani group there is not much information about atamalibekov in 1919 he was a member of the azerbaijani delegation led by alimardan topchubashev which participated at the paris peace conference in versailles he actively participated in forming national legions from the soviet prisoners of war in 1942 together with abdurahman fatalibeyli dudanginsky and fuad amirjan in berlin he represented azerbaijani ss in the azerbaijan national committee from 1943 to 1945 and then fled to chile operation zeppelin was partially successful most of the sonderstab members were captured and executed by kgb agents in his personal archives a member of the ostministerium gerhard von mende gives the number of 348 people of azerbaijani origin who participated in those operations it is not known if any one of them were ss 19 see also azerbaijani ss volunteer formations national committee of azerbaijan free arabian legion armenian legion ostlegionen reichskommissariat kaukasien abdurrahman fatalibeyli israfil israfilov wola massacre references сергей дробязко андрей каращук восточные легионы и казачьи части в вермахте archived from the original on 2009 10 23 retrieved 2009 10 30 ailsby christopher 2004 hitler s renegades foreign nationals in the service of the third reich staplehurst spellmount p 123 isbn 1 86227 247 6 oclc 56341238 on azerbaijani legion dallin alexander 1957 german rule in russia 1941 1945 a study of occupation policies london macmillan pp 534 538 isbn 0 86531 102 1 oclc 394293 cite book isbn date incompatibility help 1 2 hale christopher 2011 hitler s foreign executioners europe s dirty secret stroud england the history press pp 328 334 isbn 978 0 7524 6393 3 1 2 williamson david g 2012 the polish underground 1939 1947 barnsley south yorkshire pen and sword books p 168 isbn 978 1 84884 281 6 1 2 kay alex j 2021 empire of destruction a history of nazi mass killing new haven connecticut yale university press p 285 isbn 978 0 300 23405 3 hamburg institute for social research 1999 p 142 russian volunteers in the german wehrmacht in world war ii by lt gen wladyslaw anders and antonio munoz the soviet war against fifth columnists jeffrey burds vol 42 2 267 314 issn 0022 0094 the devil s shadow stuart pearson hitler ordusunda 40 min azərbaycanlı olub archived 2012 03 06 at the wayback machine in azerbaijani dr k g klietmann die waffen ss eine dokumentation verlag der freiwillige gmbh osnabrück 1965 s 381 382 dort als turk btl 480 bezeichnet s a neulen s 332 ismayil akber die azerbaydzhanische legionare im kampf oleg romanko muslim legions of the second world war lukas richard c 2012 the forgotten holocaust the poles under german occupation 1939 1944 hippocrene books p 197 isbn 978 0 7818 1302 0 1 2 rolf michaelis die ss sturmbrigade dirlewanger vom warschauer aufstand bis zum kessel von halbe band ii 1 auflage verlag rolf michaelis 2003 isbn 3 930849 32 1 richie alexandra 10 december 2013 warsaw 1944 hitler himmler and the warsaw uprising macmillan pp 292 293 isbn 978 0 374 28655 2 windrow martin francis k mason 2000 the world s greatest military leaders gramercy p 117 isbn 0517161613 sonderstab kaukasus p 2 personal records of p von zur mühlen sergei chuyev damned soldiers moscow yauza eksmo 2004 предприятие цеппелин archived from the original on 2009 02 04 retrieved 2014 02 08 sotskov lev filippovich neizvestny separatizm at the service of sd and abwehr excerpts from testimony of walter schellenberg taken at nuremberg germany 13 november 1945 page 1623 unternehmen zeppelin the deployment of ss saboteurs and spies in the soviet union 1942 1945 perry biddiscombe europe asia studies vol 52 no 6 sep 2000 pp 1115 1142 le caucase dans les plans stratégiques de l allegmagne 1941 1945 georges mamoulia alimardanbek topchubashev letters from paris vilayat kuliev baku notes bibliography hamburg institute for social research 1999 the german army and genocide v t e soviet prisoners of war responsibility oberkommando der wehrmacht allgemeines wehrmachtsamt oberkommando des heeres quartermaster general eduard wagner korücks army group rear area command events persecution and atrocities georgian uprising on texel mühlviertler hasenjagd military collaboration cossack collaborators xv ss cossack cavalry corps hiwis ostlegionen armenian legion azerbaijani legion georgian legion idel ural legion north caucasian legion turkestan legion russian liberation army trawniki men soviet response nkvd filtration camps order no 270 repatriation of soviet citizens after world war ii legal aspects 1899 and 1907 hague conventions 1929 geneva convention criminal orders barbarossa decree commissar order guidelines for the conduct of the troops in russia war crimes trials international military tribunal high command trial related articles bandenbekämpfung forced labour under german rule during world war ii hunger plan the holocaust myth of the clean wehrmacht soviet prisoners of war in finland soviet repressions against former prisoners of war war crimes of the wehrmacht war of annihilation historiography empire of destruction keine kameraden tamurbek dawletschin retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title azerbaijani_legion oldid 1371669427 categories azerbaijani collaborators with nazi germany azerbaijani war crimes legions of the waffen ss foreign volunteer units of the wehrmacht hidden categories wikipedia extended confirmed protected pages articles with short description short description matches wikidata articles containing german language text articles containing azerbaijani language text cs1 errors isbn date all articles with vague or ambiguous time vague or ambiguous time from february 2026 webarchive template wayback links articles with azerbaijani language sources az articles needing additional references from march 2023 all articles needing additional references this page was last edited on 27 august 2026 at 19 35 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and 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