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cloister wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in cloister 54 languages aragonés العربية azərbaycanca беларуская тарашкевіца беларуская български brezhoneg català čeština dansk deutsch esperanto español eesti euskara فارسی suomi français frysk gaeilge galego עברית hrvatski magyar հայերեն bahasa indonesia ido italiano 日本語 한국어 latina lëtzebuergesch lietuvių nederlands norsk nynorsk norsk bokmål occitan polski português română русский саха тыла srpskohrvatski српскохрватски simple english slovenčina slovenščina српски srpski svenska kiswahili ไทย türkçe українська oʻzbekcha ўзбекча 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia open space surrounded by covered walks or open galleries this article is about an architectural feature for other uses see cloister disambiguation and the cloisters disambiguation the cloister at the evangelical lutheran church of the redeemer jerusalem the cloister 1240 at salisbury cathedral england a cloister from latin claustrum enclosure is a covered walk open gallery or open arcade running along the walls of buildings and forming a quadrangle or garth the attachment of a cloister to a cathedral or church commonly against a warm southern flank 1 usually indicates that it is or once was part of a monastic foundation forming a continuous and solid architectural barrier that effectively separates the world of the monks from that of the serfs and workmen whose lives and works went forward outside and around the cloister 1 cloistered or claustral life is also another name for the monastic life of a monk or nun the english term enclosure is used in contemporary catholic church law translations 2 to mean cloistered and some form of the latin parent word claustrum is frequently used as a metonymic name for monastery in languages such as german 3 cloistered clergy refers to monastic orders that strictly separate themselves from the affairs of the external world history of the cloister edit the cloisters 1351 77 at gloucester cathedral uk the early medieval cloister had several antecedents the peristyle court of the roman domus the atrium and its expanded version that served as forecourt to early christian basilicas and certain semi galleried courts attached to the flanks of early syrian churches 4 walter horn suggests that the earliest coenobitic communities which were established in egypt by saint pachomius c 320 did not result in cloister construction as there were no lay serfs attached to the community of monks and thus no need for separation within the walled community 5 horn finds the earliest prototypical cloisters in some exceptional 6 late fifth century monastic churches in southern syria such as the convent of saints sergius and bacchus at umm is surab 489 and the colonnaded forecourt of the convent of id dêr 7 but nothing similar appeared in the semi eremitic irish monasteries clustered roundhouses nor in the earliest benedictine collective communities of the west 5 in the time of charlemagne r 768 814 the requirements of a separate monastic community within an extended and scattered manorial estate led to the development of a monastery within a monastery in the form of the locked cloister an architectural solution allowing the monks to perform their sacred tasks apart from the distractions of laymen and servants 8 horn offers as early examples abbot gundeland s altenmünster of lorsch abbey 765 774 as revealed in the excavations by frederich behn lorsch was adapted without substantial alteration from a frankish nobleman s villa rustica in a tradition unbroken from late roman times 9 another early cloister in the abbey of saint riquier 790 799 took a triangular shape with chapels at the corners in conscious representation of the trinity 10 a square cloister sited against the flank of the abbey church was built at inden 816 and the abbey of st wandrille at fontenelle 823 833 at fulda a new cloister 819 was sited to the liturgical west of the church in the roman manner 11 familiar from the forecourt of old st peter s basilica because it would be closer to the relics more recently john d rockefeller jr commissioned the construction of the cloisters museum and gardens in medieval style in manhattan in 1930 1938 gallery edit the romanesque cloister between 1075 1150 of santo domingo de silos spain cloister of saint michel de grandmont priory est 1128 languedoc roussillon france cloister 12th 13th and 19th century of the former cistercian eberbach abbey germany chiostro del paradiso 1268 amalfi cathedral italy cloister 1254 1500 of the st martin s cathedral utrecht netherlands cloister of the general 1435 one of five cloisters at basilica of saint anthony padua the bonnefont medieval garden at the cloisters in manhattan 1930 1938 cloister at the evangelical lutheran church of the redeemer in jerusalem see also edit colonnade notes edit 1 2 horn 1973 p 13 the code of canon law canon 667 ff english translation copyright 1983 the canon law society trust archived from the original on 19 june 2006 retrieved 17 june 2006 cf german kloster horn 1973 gives these sources 1 2 horn 1973 pp 39 40 the normal syrian monastery plan was an open one horn observes horn 1973 plans figs 9 and 10 horn 1973 pp 40 ff when lorsch was rebuilt on a neighboring site by abbot richbold 784 804 the cloister was made a perfect square against the south flank of the new church precisely as in the plan of the 8th century abbey of saint gall horn 1973 p 44 figs pp 43ab 45 horn 1973 p 43 and fig p 42ab vita eigili the life of abbot eigil references edit coomans thomas 2018 life inside the cloister understanding monastic architecture tradition reformation adaptive reuse leuven university press isbn 9789462701434 horn walter 1973 on the origins of the medieval cloister gesta 2 1 2 13 52 doi 10 2307 766633 jstor 766633 s2cid 192563869 external links edit look up cloister in wiktionary the free dictionary media related to cloisters at wikimedia commons the code of canon law cf canons 667 ff new advent encyclopaedia iii ff on nuns properly so called cloister in the new advent encyclopaedia new advent encyclopaedia on religious life photos and information on cloisters in france italy and spain cloister encyclopædia britannica vol vi 9th ed 1878 pp 35 36 v t e consecrated life in the catholic church types consecrated virgin hermit religious institute orders monastic cenobitic chapter enclosed idiorrhythmic canons regular mendicants second orders cleric regular congregations secular institute society of apostolic life vows evangelical counsels poverty chastity obedience profession solemn vow vow of silence vow of enclosure monastery list abbey chapter house cloister convent double hermitage priory refectory scriptorium prayer contemplation liturgy of the hours mass meditation rosary habit clerical clothing coif cornette scapular vestment members superior general provincial abbot abbess prior prioress grand master rector brother friar monk basilian sister nun hermit anchorite novice master oblate postulant lay brother porter other asceticism foolishness for christ tonsure vocational discernment monastic cell list of religious institutes catholicism portal authority control databases international gnd national united states france bnf data spain israel other yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title cloister oldid 1362842598 categories church architecture colonnades christian monastic architecture courtyards hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata use dmy dates from april 2024 commons category link from wikidata wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from eb9 this page was last edited on 6 july 2026 at 15 14 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search cloister 54 languages add topic