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10 the middle east 3 11 united kingdom 4 performances and broadcasts toggle performances and broadcasts subsection 4 1 cable television broadcasts 4 2 radio 4 3 music festivals 4 4 performers 5 culture toggle culture subsection 5 1 political messaging 5 2 race in modern country music 6 see also 7 references 8 further reading 9 external links toggle the table of contents country music 86 languages alemannisch العربية مصرى asturianu azərbaycanca беларуская тарашкевіца беларуская български bosanski català cebuano کوردی čeština cymraeg dansk deutsch ελληνικά esperanto español eesti euskara فارسی suomi føroyskt français furlan frysk gaeilge gàidhlig galego עברית हिन्दी hrvatski magyar հայերեն interlingua bahasa indonesia ido íslenska italiano 日本語 ქართული ಕನ್ನಡ 한국어 latina lingua franca nova limburgs lietuvių latviešu македонски മലയാളം монгол bahasa melayu မြန်မာဘာသာ مازِرونی nedersaksies nederlands norsk nynorsk norsk bokmål occitan polski português română русский саха тыла sicilianu srpskohrvatski српскохрватски සිංහල simple english slovenčina slovenščina српски srpski svenska kiswahili తెలుగు ไทย tagalog türkçe удмурт українська oʻzbekcha ўзбекча tiếng việt 吴语 ייִדיש 粵語 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikinews wikiquote wikiversity wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia music genre this article is about the music genre for other uses see country music disambiguation modern country and country song redirect here for the kai winding album see modern country album for specific songs with the name country song see country song disambiguation country music other names country country and western stylistic origins american folk and western appalachian cajun creole hawaiian new mexico red dirt tejano blues southern gospel old time cultural origins 1920s united states typical instruments acoustic guitar electric guitar pedal steel guitar lap steel guitar bass guitar upright bass banjo mandolin fiddle harmonica vocals piano derivative forms bluegrass cowboy pop dansband zydeco subgenres alternative christian honky tonk neo traditional outlaw progressive cosmic country truck driving western swing complete list fusion genres country folk country rap country rock country pop bro country cowpunk gulf and western rockabilly gothabilly psychobilly southern soul southern rock swamp rock regional scenes australia canada mexico ireland nigeria philippines local scenes bakersfield atlanta nashville texas other topics country music by year country musicians classic country singing cowboy 2026 in country music country music also known as country and western or simply country is a music genre originating from the united states it is known for its ballads and dance tunes identifiable by both traditional lyrics and harmonies accompanied by banjos mandolins fiddles harmonicas and many types of guitar either acoustic electric steel or resonator guitars 1 once called hillbilly music the term country music was popularized in the 1940s 2 country music was first developed in the south and then spread throughout the piedmont from louisiana along the appalachian mountains to new york 3 2 the music is believed to be derived from british folk music brought to the united states during early waves of immigration 4 rooted in american folk music such as old time and southern appalachian music 3 4 many traditions blended to form country music in particular this included cowboy and vaquero western music and african american traditional folk songs and spirituals 5 mexican irish and gospel music have had a formative influence on the genre as have polynesian hawaiian music and the southwestern styles of new mexico and tejano 6 7 8 in addition to blues modes from blues music 9 10 country music has remained an integral part of the american music scene with a recent revitalization in interest since the early 2020s 4 in 2023 45 of americans reported listening to country music an increase in the genre s popularity 11 origins edit the main components of the modern country music style date back to music traditions throughout the southern united states and southwestern united states while its place in american popular music was established in the 1930s during the early days of music recording 12 according to country historian bill c malone country music was introduced to the world as a southern phenomenon 2 migration into the southern appalachian mountains of the southeastern united states brought the folk music and instruments of europe and the mediterranean basin along with it for nearly 300 years which developed into appalachian music citation needed as the country expanded westward the mississippi river and louisiana became a crossroads for country music giving rise to cajun music in the southwestern united states it was the rocky mountains american frontier and rio grande that acted as a similar backdrop for native american mexican and cowboy ballads which resulted in new mexico music and the development of western music and it is directly related to red dirt texas country and tejano music styles in oceania the steel guitar sound of country music has its provenance in the music of hawaii 13 14 role of east tennessee edit main article music of east tennessee the u s congress has formally recognized bristol tennessee as the birthplace of country music based on the historic bristol recording sessions of 1927 15 nashville tennessee has also become a common hotspot for many country artists 16 historians have also noted the influence of the less known johnson city sessions of 1928 and 1929 17 18 and the knoxville sessions of 1929 and 1930 19 in addition the mountain city fiddlers convention held in 1925 helped to inspire modern country music before these pioneer settlers in the great smoky mountains region had developed a rich musical heritage 20 generations edit first generation 1920s edit country music still known as hillbilly music at the time gained an increased audience with the invention of the radio in the 1920s 5 the largest country music radio show was the grand ole opry aired starting in 1925 by wsm in nashville and continuing to present day 21 okeh records a new york city record label began issuing hillbilly records in 1923 eventually followed by columbia records in 1924 and rca victor records in 1927 22 outside of new york atlanta s country music scene was also important launching many early recording artist s career citation needed the steel guitar entered country music as early as 1922 when jimmie tarlton met famed hawaiian guitarist frank ferera on the west coast 23 many hillbilly musicians recorded blues songs throughout the 1920s 24 25 the first commercial recordings of what was considered instrumental music in the traditional country style were arkansas traveler and turkey in the straw by fiddlers henry gilliland a c eck robertson on june 30 1922 for victor records and released in april 1923 26 27 the first commercial recording of what is widely considered to be the first country song featuring vocals and lyrics was fiddlin john carson with little log cabin in the lane for okeh records on june 14 1923 28 29 vernon dalhart was considered the first country singer to have a nationwide hit in may 1924 with wreck of the old 97 30 the flip side of the record was lonesome road blues was also popularized 31 in april 1924 aunt samantha bumgarner and eva davis became the first female musicians to record and release country songs 32 many of the early country musicians such as the yodeler cliff carlisle recorded blues songs into the 1930s 33 james gideon gid tanner an american old time fiddler was one of country music s earliest stars with his string band the skillet lickers in the 1920s and 1930s many early country songs were written and performed 34 the carter family are a dynasty of country music and began with left to right a p carter wife sara carter and maybelle carter jimmie rodgers and the carter family are widely considered to be important early country musicians citation needed from scott county virginia the carters had learned sight reading of hymnals and sheet music using solfege 35 their songs were first captured at a historic recording session in bristol tennessee on august 1 1927 where ralph peer was the talent scout and sound recordist 36 37 a scene in the movie o brother where art thou depicts a similar occurrence in the same timeframe rodgers fused hillbilly country gospel jazz blues pop cowboy and folk and many of his best songs were his compositions including blue yodel 38 which sold over a million records and established rodgers as the premier singer of early country music 39 40 beginning in 1927 and for the next 17 years the carters recorded some 300 old time ballads traditional tunes country songs and gospel hymns all representative of america s southeastern folklore and heritage 41 second generation 1930s 1940s edit see also 1940s country music record sales declined during the great depression however radio became a popular source of entertainment and barn dance shows featuring country music were popularized beginning in the southern united states and spreading north to chicago and west to california 42 the most important was the grand ole opry aired starting in 1925 by wsm in nashville and continuing to the present day 43 some of the early stars on the opry were uncle dave macon roy acuff and african american harmonica player deford bailey an image from national barn dance in 1940 drums were looked down on by early country musicians as being too loud and not pure for the country sound by 1935 bob wills added drums to his western swing band texas playboys despite opposition by the country music venue the grand ole opry in contrast louisiana hayride a less conservative country music venue kept a house drummer backstage as late as 1956 44 in the 1960s however it was rare for a country band not to have a drummer 45 instruments from bob wills and other country musicians at the country music hall of fame and museum 2018 bob wills was one of the first country musicians known to have added an electric guitar to his band in 1938 a decade later 1948 arthur smith recorded guitar boogie which crossed over to the us pop charts introducing many people to the potential of the electric guitar for several decades nashville session players preferred the warm tones of the gibson and gretsch archtop electrics but a hot fender style using guitars which became available beginning in the early 1950s eventually prevailed as the signature guitar sound of country 45 46 in the 1930s and 1940s cowboy songs or western music which had been recorded since the 1920s were popularized by films made in hollywood with popular singing cowboys such as gene autry known as king of the singing cowboys the sons of the pioneers and roy rogers 47 country music and western music were frequently played together on the same radio stations hence the term country and western music despite country and western being two distinct genres cowgirls contributed to the sound in various family groups with patsy montana opening the door for female artists with i want to be a cowboy s sweetheart bob wills developed the subgenre western swing bringing in more instruments and players 48 at its height western swing rivaled the popularity of big band swing music country musicians began recording boogie in 1939 shortly after it had been played at carnegie hall when johnny barfield recorded boogie woogie 49 the trickle of what was initially called hillbilly boogie or okie boogie became a flood beginning in late 1945 with notable releases like the delmore brothers freight train boogie part of the evolution toward rockabilly 50 the hillbilly boogie period lasted into the 1950s and remains one of many subgenres of country into the 21st century 51 by the end of world war ii mountaineer string band music known as bluegrass had emerged when bill monroe joined with lester flatt and earl scruggs introduced by roy acuff at the grand ole opry 52 gospel music remained a popular component with red foley having one of the first million selling gospel hits peace in the valley and also singing boogie blues and rockabilly in the post war period country music was called folk in the trades and hillbilly within the industry 53 in 1944 billboard replaced the term hillbilly with folk songs and blues and switched to country and western in 1949 54 55 hank williams another type of stripped down and raw music with a variety of moods and a basic ensemble of guitar bass dobro or steel guitar and later drums became popular especially among rural residents in the three states of texhomex those being tex as okla ho ma and new mex ico 56 it became known as honky tonk and had its roots in western swing and the ranchera music of mexico and the border states particularly new mexico and texas 57 together with the blues of the american south bob wills and his texas playboys personified this music which has been described as a little bit of this and a little bit of that a little bit of black and a little bit of white just loud enough to keep you from thinking too much and to go right on ordering the whiskey 58 these honky tonk songs were associated with bar rooms 59 the music of these artists who began in this type would later be referred to as traditional country webb pierce a honky tonk singer was the top charting country artist of the 1950s with 13 of his singles spending 113 weeks at number one in 1951 williams s cold cold heart earned crossover success with tony bennett s traditional pop cover version which introduced williams s songwriting to mainstream audiences 60 third generation 1950s 1960s edit see also 1950s and 1960s music the third generation of country music evolved the genre into sub disciplines like bluegrass rockabilly and country rock while gospel music remained popular after world war ii mountaineer string band music emerged as bluegrass when bill monroe with lester flatt and earl scruggs was introduced by roy acuff at the grand ole opry by the early 1950s a blend of western swing country boogie and honky tonk was played by most bands following gene autry lydia mendoza roy rogers and patsy montana the first all country radio station was established in lubbock texas in 1953 61 and the country music association was founded in 1958 native american hispano and american frontier music from the southwestern united states and northern mexico grew popular in poor communities across new mexico oklahoma and texas with basic ensembles featuring classical guitar bass guitar dobro or steel guitar and larger groups adding electric guitars trumpets keyboards especially the honky t...