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kippur war to conduct surveillance missions and counter egyptian and syrian surface to air missile systems 75 76 israel uses drones extensively in warfare for surveillance and targeted attacks on enemies in june 2025 it was reported the mossad set up drone bases inside iran as part of the preparations for war between the sides 77 78 israel had become a leading developer and manufacturer of military drones by the 2020s with drones composing of 9 of israel s weapons exports by 2021 79 myanmar edit see also myanmar civil war drones revolutionized the myanmar civil war with both the military junta and resistance forces pdfs eaos using them for surveillance and primarily to drop bombs acting as a crucial low cost air force for rebels the tatmadaw uses more sophisticated drones including chinese made ch 3 and ch 4 along with shahed 136 suicide drones they use these for surveillance and to guide artillery strikes increasingly employing kamikaze or suicide drones that detonate on impact with targets the military has countered the rebels by strengthening its electronic warfare capabilities using for example drone guns and heavy jamming to disrupt rebel drone operations resistance groups commonly modify commercial agricultural drones for payloads initially rebel forces used small off the shelf quadcopters but have shifted to larger custom made or modified fixed wing drones to drop bombs and deliver ordnance with thousands of attacks documented groups like the karenni nationalities defense force kndf maintain dedicated units to build repair and 3d print drones often using techniques found on youtube drones have been crucial for resistance fighters for taking over military bases disrupting troop movements and operating as a homemade air force october 2021 and june 2023 over 1 400 drone attacks were verified with in some cases thousands of bombs dropped on military bases in a single month due to chinese restrictions on exports of dual use items resistance groups have found it more challenging to acquire drones shifting towards acquiring parts rather than pre assembled units the warfare is increasingly shifting toward faster more durable fpv first person view drones for precise faster attacks non state actors edit hamas drone attacks edit on 7 october 2023 hamas launched incursions of southern israel using commercial drones to bomb israeli guard towers before breaching the border wall videos of israeli troops and a merkava iv tank being taken out by drones surfaced on the internet 80 81 in 2025 there was an increase in drone usage by hamas in the gaza strip 82 houthi drone attacks edit main articles houthi saudi arabian conflict red sea crisis and houthi attacks on commercial vessels on 25 march 2022 the houthis launched coordinated drone and missile strikes on multiple saudi energy facilities including sites in jeddah and ras tanura the attacks temporarily disrupted oil production and caused fires at aramco facilities 83 between late 2023 and july 2024 during the gaza war the houthis carried out over 100 attacks on commercial ships in the red sea and bab al mandab strait these attacks used drones missiles and fast boats targeting vessels linked to israel the u s and its allies islamic state drone attacks edit small drones and quadcopters have been used for strikes by the islamic state in iraq and syria a group of twelve or more have been piloted by specially trained pilots to drop munitions onto enemy forces they have been able to evade ground defense forces 84 during the battle for mosul the islamic state was able to kill or wound dozens of iraqi soldiers by dropping light explosives or 40 millimeter grenades from numerous drones attacking at the same time drone strikes were also used to destroy military supplies drone footage released by the islamic state showed bombs being dropped on an ammunition facility located in deir ez zor syria an area of contested control between the islamic state and the syrian government at the time 85 in 2017 fbi director christopher wray stated at a senate hearing that we do know that terrorist organizations have an interest in using drones we have seen that overseas already with some frequency i think that the expectation is that it is coming here imminently 84 drone expert brett velicovich discussed the dangers of the islamic state utilizing off the shelf drones to attack civilian targets claiming in an interview with fox news that it was only a matter of time before isis extremists use of drones to strike civilian targets would become more prevalent and sophisticated 86 the overall success rate for drone strikes used by the islamic state is unclear the islamic state may have used drones as a way to gather footage for propaganda purposes rather than for their military value 87 syria edit on 6 january 2018 russian forces thwarted a drone uav swarm attack on the khmeimim air base the first of this kind in the history of warfare 13 the hts an islamist group utilized drone warfare to help take over damascus on 8 december 2024 88 thailand edit main article 2025 cambodia thailand border conflict on 24 july 2025 the royal thai armed forces launched coordinated drone strikes against the royal cambodian armed forces in the disputed border area near ta muen thom and ta krabey using fpv drones quadcopters and one way kamikaze uavs thai forces targeted cambodian command posts ammunition depots artillery positions and communication lines analysts described the campaign as one of the most prominent uses of commercial multirotor drones in a state on state conflict since the war in ukraine challenging assumptions that such drones are ineffective in dense jungle terrain 89 90 europe edit russo ukrainian war 2022 present edit further information aerial warfare in the russo ukrainian war drones see also human safari terror campaign operation spiderweb and women drone operators in the ukrainian military in the russo ukrainian war use of russian drones unmanned aerial vehicles increased about tenfold from early 2024 through summer 2025 91 aftermath of a russian drone strike on an apartment block in kharkiv 2025 ukrainian sea baby naval drones in 2023 calibrating a baba yaga heavy lift drone in 2024 ukrainian fpv kamikaze drones utilized during the battle of chasiv yar the russo ukrainian war that began in 2022 is recognized as the world s first drone war 16 due to both russian and ukrainian armies heavily integrating drones into daily combat and reconnaissance tasks including for long range bombing attacks and supporting ground assaults and offensives in the early months of the war ukrainian forces extensively used the turkish made bayraktar tb2 ucav to conduct strikes against russian forces russian forces meanwhile launched waves of iranian hesa shahed 136 drones during the october 2022 missile strikes on ukraine 92 ukraine and russia have since developed their own one way attack drones for both tactical and strategic level attacks the main roles of drones in the war however are in reconnaissance and artillery spotting the ubiquity of drones spurred the development of anti drone tactics for example russian sources claimed to have used a stupor anti drone rifle to jam the radio controls of ukrainian drones 93 in 2024 ukraine became the first country in the world to create a military branch dedicated to drone warfare known as the unmanned systems forces 22 russia followed suit in 2025 with the creation of the unmanned systems forces of russia 94 small commercial drones in ukraine were first used during the donbas war where ukrainian volunteer units employed commercially available unmanned aerial vehicles for reconnaissance and surveillance by 2016 volunteers were acquiring and modifying consumer drones for military use using them to photograph enemy positions and provide real time aerial imagery to ukrainian forces 95 one notable example was aerorozvidka a volunteer organization founded in 2014 that helped equip and support ukrainian volunteer battalions with small commercial uavs for aerial reconnaissance and surveillance which were later adopted by the ukrainian armed forces this experience later contributed to the expansion of aerorozvidka s drone operations where it developed more advanced unmanned systems 96 such as the r18 an armed octocopter developed by the organization from 2017 and tested in combat in 2019 97 pro russian separatist forces likewise began employing commercially available uavs for battlefield reconnaissance with some drones subsequently being adapted to carry and drop improvised munitions 98 the experience gained during the conflict demonstrated the military potential of inexpensive commercial uavs and contributed to their wider adoption during the russian invasion of ukraine in 2022 on 13 october 2022 the first recorded instance of an unarmed drone on drone combat encounter occurred above the donetsk region of ukraine a ukrainian dji mavic quadcopter was recorded ramming a russian drone of the same model resulting in the latter crashing towards the surface below 99 100 101 another instance of this aerial ramming tactic occurred on 24 november 2022 this time with the russian dji mavic being recorded plummeting towards the ground after a collision with a ukrainian drone 102 103 on 9 may 2023 a russian conscript surrendered to or rather via a ukrainian drone 104 the average hesa shahed 136 drone is worth about 20 000 an iris t missile is worth about 430 000 each in comparison from 13 september until 17 october open source information suggests that ukraine has had to spend 28 14 million on defending against these drones 105 106 since at least september 2022 ukraine has used black naval drones equipped with the starlink satellite internet system to carry attacks on the russian black sea fleet at the sevastopol naval base 107 108 109 110 the naval drones were at first assumed to be for reconnaissance but appear to carry munitions and act as a bomb 111 with experts noting that the sensors on the front of the naval drone could be used as a laser range finder to help in targeting 111 in late october 2022 seven of these drones were used to mount a successful drone attack on the sevastopol naval base 107 112 on 13 october 2022 a ukrainian mig 29 became the first manned plane to go down during combat due to a drone the pilot is claimed to have destroyed a shahed 136 drone with his cannon the blast is believed to have brought the plane down and hospitalised the pilot 113 in september 2023 ukrainian troops were reportedly using cardboard drones with gopro cameras for aerial reconnaissance 114 since the start of the war approximately 30 companies in ukraine have emerged to mass produce drones for the war effort the ukraine government ministry of digital transformation initiated the army of drones project and attempted to purchase up to 200 000 drones in 2023 aiming to deploy relatively cheap drones against large advantages russia has had in military equipment in 2023 they also sponsored several competitions where the dozens of drone developers that have sprung up all over ukraine are invited to make simulated attacks on ground targets or chase fixed wing drones or even participate in drone dogfight competitions 115 one new model that has been successful is the baba yaga hexacopter which can carry 44 pounds of payload 116 117 118 from early 2024 ukraine has started deploying manned aircraft such as the aeroprakt a 22 foxbat and yakovlev yak 52 which uses snipers or machine guns to shoot down russian drones 119 120 ukrainian drones have also been given a variety of improvised modifications for the express purpose of attacking and countering russian drones these include an instance in july 2024 where an fpv drone with a stick mounted to it was used to attack and eventually destroy a zala 421 16e reconnaissance drone through repeated aerial ramming 121 in 2024 drones controlled through a tether with optical fiber became commonplace thus avoiding radio jamming 122 on 31 july 2024 a russian mi 8 helicopter was downed over occupied donetsk by a ukrainian fpv drone the first time a helicopter in combat was destroyed by a drone the mi 8 was believed to have been attacked near the ground either during landing or take off 123 124 in february 2025 russian authorities reportedly discovered a plot in which a shipment of fpv drone headsets loaded with explosives were sent to russian soldiers each headset had 10 15 grams of explosives and were programmed to detonate on activation officials compared it to the 2024 lebanon electronic device attacks by israel 125 subsequent reports claimed 8 russian fpv pilots lost their eyesight due to explosions between 4 and 7 february 126 on 1 june 2025 ukraine carried out operation spiderweb dozens of fpv drones were smuggled into russia in trucks and were then launched from the trucks to strike russian airbases including belaya and olenya destroying multiple russian strategic bombers 127 128 fire at the moscow oil refinery on june 18 2026 ukrainian drone attacks on russian oil refineries have caused a fuel crisis in russia 129 nevertheless an article by a ukrainian journalist published by the atlantic council in december 2025 states the kremlin strategy has focused on mass producing a limited range of models for use on the battlefield and in the bombardment of ukrainian cities this methodical approach has paid dividends by the end of 2024 it was already becoming clear that the drone war was turning in russia s favor this trend has only intensified over the past year 16 the largest drone strike of the war was on 7 september 2025 when russia launched 810 drones and 13 missiles at ukraine of which 747 drones and four missiles were intercepted while 54 drones struck targets 130 on 9 september 2025 over a dozen russian drones breached polish airspace prompting a nato quick reaction alert and poland invoking article 4 of the nato treaty at least four of the drones were confirmed shot down on 18 september polish and ukrainian officials announced that the two countries would establish joint military training and production programs as the ukrainian military had emerged as a major pioneer in drone warfare in the russo ukrainian war 131 by 2026 some ukrainian media analysis framed long range drone and missile drone strikes as part of a broader shift from tactical drone use near the front line toward attacks on russian logistical infrastructure including fuel supplies transport nodes ports warehouses repair facilities and air defence systems 132 ukraine s unmanned systems forces began the middle strike campaign in early april 2026 to degrade russian logistics in russian occupied territories of ukraine heavily utilizing one way attack drones 133 around this time russia reportedly began mass deployment of ai enabled autonomous versions of its molniya one way attack drone exhibiting a reduced radar cross section smaller ir signature and a negligible electronic emissions due to not needing to com...