Meta tags:

Headings (most frequently used words):

language, eggon, contents, classification, distribution, phonology, written, bibliography, references, external, links, dialects, consonants, vowels,

Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (71), eggon (49), and (37), #language (25), languages (18), this (17), from (16), may (14), edit (14), plateau (13), benue (13), nigeria (11), with (9), articles (9), basa (9), wikipedia (8), that (8), south (8), group (8), are (8), been (8), have (7), mada (7), main (7), written (7), sources (7), hausa (6), nasarawa (6), state (6), consonant (6), new (6), dialects (6), plain (6), egon (6), page (5), was (5), references (5), unsourced (5), tyap (5), other (5), nigerian (5), links (5), dialect (5), congo (5), classification (5), only (5), has (5), there (5), move (5), material (5), toggle (4), contents (4), search (4), about (4), additional (4), all (4), july (4), 2017 (4), berom (4), central (4), nungu (4), ake (4), tarok (4), sign (4), bole (4), nupe (4), isoko (4), margi (4), karai (4), blench (4), history (4), maddieson (4), mimeo (4), ames (4), not (4), which (4), also (4), section (4), learn (4), when (4), help (4), citations (4), but (4), article (4), hide (4), sidebar (4), topic (3), view (3), terms (3), use (3), edited (3), 2026 (3), needing (3), different (3), jju (3), izere (3), east (3), hasha (3), toro (3), cipu (3), jukunoid (3), bura (3), waja (3), ukwuani (3), izon (3), gbagyi (3), urhobo (3), english (3), roger (3), university (3), sibomana (3), 1985 (3), ibadan (3), 1972 (3), gerhardt (3), 1934 (3), native (3), some (3), published (3), however (3), appearance (3), prepared (3), for (3), wana (3), how (3), remove (3), message (3), please (3), challenged (3), removed (3), adding (3), reliable (3), improve (3), any (3), cite (3), heard (3), mid (3), velar (3), pal (3), phonology (3), 000 (3), people (3), they (3), distribution (3), greenberg (3), tools (3), table (2), contact (2), privacy (2), policy (2), available (2), foundation (2), categories (2), off (2), sections (2), 2019 (2), statements (2), ethnologue (2), short (2), description (2), wikidata (2), https (2), org (2), ahwai (2), lufu (2), bete (2), zhire (2), yeskwa (2), shamang (2), rigwe (2), hyam (2), gyong (2), doka (2), cori (2), horom (2), fyam (2), barkul (2), ayu (2), ninzo (2), ninkada (2), sambe (2), alumu (2), jili (2), jijili (2), kusur (2), myet (2), atsam (2), vono (2), tumi (2), ruma (2), mala (2), kinuku (2), kaivi (2), niragu (2), dungu (2), bina (2), northern (2), hun (2), saare (2), damakawa (2), pongu (2), bassa (2), nge (2), mbembe (2), jukun (2), ngamo (2), karekare (2), ɗuwai (2), bade (2), yendang (2), mumuye (2), dadiya (2), fali (2), obolo (2), chi (2), ijaw (2), takad (2), sha (2), dass (2), kakanda (2), gwandara (2), niger (2), igala (2), kaduna (2), tera (2), jara (2), edo (2), efik (2), lamang (2), kanakuru (2), kamwe (2), gude (2), tso (2), longuda (2), ibibio (2), indigenous (2), idoma (2), igbo (2), dictionary (2), external (2), 2022 (2), 2016 (2), research (2), oxford (2), department (2), society (2), groups (2), welmers (2), 1971 (2), african (2), studies (2), jos (2), 1983 (2), bibliography (2), apparently (2), recent (2), translation (2), based (2), although (2), were (2), testament (2), literature (2), one (2), does (2), low (2), high (2), vowels (2), fricatives (2), second (2), occurring (2), after (2), stop (2), labial (2), nasalized (2), prenasal (2), voiced (2), voiceless (2), lab (2), alveolar (2), consonants (2), twenty (2), spoken (2), said (2), special (2), unknown (2), washo (2), kagbu (2), states (2), data (2), exact (2), speakers (2), known (2), akwanga (2), colonial (2), far (2), classified (2), together (2), shimizu (2), version (2), eggonic (2), onumu (2), upload (2), file (2), changes (2), read (2), subsection (2), log (2), create (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), add, mobile, cookie, statement, statistics, developers, code, conduct, legal, safety, contacts, disclaimers, text, under, apply, using, site, you, agree, registered, trademark, non, profit, organization, wikimedia, inc, creative, commons, attribution, sharealike, license, rendered, parsoid, last, september, utc, hidden, citing, retrieved, index, php, title, eggon_language, oldid, 1376430060, eloyi, others, ndunic, yukuben, kapya, beezen, akum, yukubenic, nincut, iten, cara, beromic, kuturmi, kulu, kamanton, kadara, iku, idun, idon, gwara, fəràn, dangana, ajuwa, koro, ashe, nkɔ, ninkyop, ninka, ningye, kanufi, gwantu, gbətsu, ninzic, nisam, nigbo, akpondu, alumic, yangkam, shall, zwall, kwang, tarokoid, piti, map, tunzu, bunu, loro, moro, gusu, sanga, panawa, boze, zele, shammo, surubu, vori, shuwa, zamani, kurama, kono, gbiri, kauru, zora, ziriya, shau, lere, lemoro, kudu, camo, janji, guta, gyem, gamo, ningi, reshe, urcibar, cuba, rerang, lopa, shen, laru, lakes, lela, gwamhi, wuri, northwest, gurmana, fungwa, baushi, shiroro, shama, rubaruba, rogo, kagare, hungworo, eastern, acipa, cinda, regi, kamuku, koromba, makurdi, kwali, kontagora, gurara, gumna, yumu, wenci, vadi, shingini, kimba, baangi, kambari, kainji, wãpha, wapan, wannu, tigon, shoo, minda, nye, nyifon, lau, kuteb, kpan, jiru, jibu, jiba, jan, awei, hõne, etkywan, como, karim, platoid, medefaidrin, braille, pan, alphabet, scripts, ngizim, yobe, yoti, waka, rang, pangseng, nyingwom, nyam, laka, kpati, kholok, donga, buru, baissa, taraba, aboh, ndoni, tee, oruma, okodia, ogoni, ogbronuagum, ogbogolo, ogba, odual, obulom, nkoroo, kugbo, khana, kalabari, ikwerre, gokana, engenni, eleme, ekpeye, degema, defaka, biseni, baan, abua, rivers, yiwom, yankam, tambas, tal, sur, ron, pyapun, ngas, mwaghavul, mundat, montol, miship, kulere, kofyar, koenoem, jorto, goemai, fyer, cakfem, mushere, bogghom, ukaan, itsekiri, ondo, bariba, asu, duhwa, kupa, kwara, oworo, kogi, kebbi, tikurmi, kano, wachi, fantswam, gworog, sholyio, mabatado, tyecharak, tyuku, tugbiri, tivori, tiseni, timap, kurmi, nyankpa, numana, nikyob, nindem, nghan, kuzamani, koonu, ikulu, gbari, ekhwa, duya, bishi, anib, adara, teshenawa, jigawa, tula, tangale, pero, kamo, bangwinji, awak, gombe, bini, ishan, afenmai, uhrobo, ika, delta, mbe, abanyom, cross, river, yedina, wandala, putai, nggwahyi, mafa, maaka, jilbe, gvoko, guduf, gava, glavda, dghwede, cineni, cibak, afade, borno, igede, southeast, ijo, epie, bayelsa, zumbun, zangwal, warji, siri, shiki, polci, piya, miya, mburku, mangas, labir, kwaami, kutto, kushi, kubi, kir, balar, kariya, jimi, jarawa, jalaa, guruntum, giiwo, geruma, gera, galambu, dulbu, dikaka, deno, dazawa, ciwogai, bure, ɓeele, bauchi, oron, ekit, anaang, akwa, ibom, zizilivakan, wom, vere, teme, taram, sukur, psikyɛ, nzanyi, nyong, ngwaba, kumba, kugama, kpasam, koma, kofa, kirya, konzəl, hya, hwana, huba, holma, gudu, gaa, anda, mubi, dong, daka, daba, chamba, leko, boga, bata, bali, bacama, baa, adamawa, grouped, tiv, kanuri, fulfulde, ebira, recognised, yoruba, national, official, excerpts, preparation, timothy, terna, verbal, morphosyntax, theological, college, bukuru, professor, obafemi, awolowo, correspondence, directorate, liman, adatu, hassan, abubakar, wakawa, january, 2012, muslims, survey, network, nrn, international, development, situation, ethnic, including, treatment, armed, authorities, 2011, june, refworld, docid, 5843f9124, html, 4th, cambridge, kay, williamson, educational, atlas, 25th, ctl7, 759, 900, sebeok, mouton, hague, checklist, names, afrika, und, übersee, phonological, grammatical, outline, 1982, linguistics, supplement, unusual, cluster, complex, segments, noun, class, system, verb, nominal, contraction, ludzi, 1981, essay, syntax, jwal, administration, gazetteer, province, following, things, churches, remoter, regions, displaced, establishments, along, road, revive, evidence, publication, book, customs, women, magazine, intended, make, regular, literary, standard, earliest, appears, scripture, portions, 1937, probably, hepburn, chosen, bible, supplemented, forms, sort, synthetic, speech, particular, hymnbook, readers, completed, 1974, orthography, somewhat, earlier, publications, works, provides, confidence, surely, say, improvement, summer, lessons, teach, train, sons, daughters, their, culture, close, stressed, positions, exclamatory, words, back, front, approximant, lateral, tap, ɹ̠̊, fricative, ᵑɡ͡b, ⁿd͡ʒ, ⁿd͡z, ɡ͡bʲ, ɡ͡b, d͡ʒ, d͡z, k͡pʲ, k͡p, t͡ʃ, t͡s, affricate, plosive, ŋ͡m, nasal, sibilant, glottal, labio, palatal, post, unlike, surrounding, many, clusters, had, historically, developed, via, vowel, deletion, sixth, variety, madan, tara, impossible, understand, without, learning, sufficiently, lects, effectively, its, precise, relationship, varieties, conventionally, divided, into, five, mutually, comprehensible, ikka, wakama, ogne, angbashu, alushi, alogani, eva, nabe, lizzi, ezzen, arikpa, etc, author, discuss, whose, discussion, focuses, cites, comparative, wordlist, 1969, gives, two, wangibi, very, little, temple, 1922, contain, descriptions, social, organisation, relevant, number, unlikely, less, than, estimate, 200, given, gave, figure, 276, 1920s, likely, substantially, underestimated, estimated, projection, much, hill, contrast, plains, today, lived, hills, pre, period, connection, between, would, justify, these, now, discarded, towns, stretch, west, railway, line, bordered, north, migili, lafia, dispute, can, issue, remains, unresolved, first, 1963, his, revision, carl, hoffman, hansford, 1976, set, combined, subgrouping, concept, grouping, came, lexicostatistical, 1975, who, argued, against, unity, proposed, convincing, rebuttal, arguments, latest, 1989, adds, yashi, subgroup, removes, 2008, classifies, southern, branch, jidda, abu, citation, needed, major, ero, eggo1239, glottolog, ego, iso, 639, codes, atlantic, family, 270, 2020, region, jstor, scholar, books, newspapers, news, find, needs, more, free, encyclopedia, item, projects, printable, download, pdf, print, export, switch, legacy, parser, get, shortened, url, information, permanent, link, related, what, here, general, actions, talk, kiswahili, piemontèis, deutsch, top, personal, pages, community, portal, contribute, random, current, events, navigation, jump, content,

Text of the page (random words):
eggon language wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 classification 2 distribution toggle distribution subsection 2 1 dialects 3 phonology toggle phonology subsection 3 1 consonants 3 2 vowels 4 written language 5 bibliography 6 references 7 external links toggle the table of contents eggon language 6 languages deutsch hausa igbo karai karai piemontèis kiswahili edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia plateau language of central nigeria this article needs more citations please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed find sources eggon language news newspapers books scholar jstor july 2017 learn how and when to remove this message eggon onumu egon native to nigeria region nasarawa kaduna benue states native speakers 270 000 2020 1 language family niger congo atlantic congo benue congo plateau south eggonic eggon language codes iso 639 3 ego glottolog eggo1239 egon 2 people mo egon language onumu egon eggon also egon ero or mo egon is a plateau language spoken in central nigeria it is one of the major language in nasarawa state classification edit the exact classification of the eggon language has been in dispute and it can be said that this issue remains unresolved citation needed eggon was first classified by greenberg 1963 as a plateau language in his group 5 together with nungu and yeskwa in the revision prepared by carl hoffman published in hansford et al 1976 a benue group was set up that combined greenberg s plateau 5 and 7 with jukunoid the new subgrouping classified eggon together with nungu ake and jidda abu this concept of a benue grouping came from the lexicostatistical studies of shimizu 1975 who argued against the unity of greenberg s plateau and proposed the benue group however in 1983 gerhardt published a convincing rebuttal of shimizu s arguments the latest version of classification of plateau languages in gerhardt 1989 adds yashi to the eggon subgroup but removes the links with benue i e tarok and the jukunoid languages blench 2008 classifies eggon and ake as the eggonic group of the southern branch of plateau distribution edit the main towns of the eggon people are eggon kagbu washo and wana they stretch as far south as lafia and west of akwanga as far as the railway line they are bordered on the north by the mada and to the south by the migili and the idoma in much of the colonial literature the eggon were known as the hill mada in contrast to the plains mada the people known as mada today the eggon lived in the mada hills south of akwanga in the pre colonial period but there is no connection between the groups that would justify these terms and they have now been discarded the exact number of speakers is unknown but it is unlikely to be less than the estimate of 200 000 given by sibomana 1985 ames 1934 gave a figure of 41 276 for the 1920s but this is likely to have been substantially underestimated welmers 1971 estimated 52 000 although this may have been only a projection from ames very little has been written about eggon society and temple 1922 and ames 1934 are the only sources that contain any descriptions of eggon social organisation relevant dialects edit eggon is conventionally divided into twenty five mutually comprehensible dialects some of which are eggon wangibi ikka wana washo wakama ogne angbashu alushi alogani eva nabe lizzi ezzen arikpa etc the only author to discuss dialects is sibomana 1985 whose discussion focuses on kagbu which he states is the main dialect he also cites data from the eggon dialect the benue congo comparative wordlist 1969 1972 also gives data from two dialects a twenty sixth variety is madan tara spoken by a group of eggon east of eggon it is said to be impossible to understand without special learning and is sufficiently different from other lects to be effectively a new language its precise relationship to the other varieties of eggon is unknown phonology edit this section does not cite any sources please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed may 2026 learn how and when to remove this message unlike the surrounding languages eggon has many consonant clusters that had historically developed via vowel deletion consonants edit labial alveolar post alveolar palatal velar labio velar glottal plain pal lab plain sibilant plain pal lab plain pal nasal m n ɲ ŋ ŋ͡m plosive affricate voiceless p pʲ pʷ t t͡s t͡ʃ k kʲ kʷ k͡p k͡pʲ voiced b bʲ bʷ d d͡z d͡ʒ ɡ ɡʲ ɡ͡b ɡ͡bʲ prenasal ᵐb ⁿd ⁿd͡z ⁿd͡ʒ ᵑɡ ᵑɡ͡b fricative voiceless f fʲ fʷ ɹ̠̊ s ʃ h voiced v vʲ vʷ z ʒ prenasal ᶬv ⁿz ⁿʒ h̃ tap plain ɾ nasalized ɾ̃ lateral l approximant plain ɥ ɹ j w nasalized ɥ̃ p b may be heard as fricatives ɸ β as a second consonant occurring after a labial stop consonant k ɡ may be heard as fricatives x ɣ as a second consonant occurring after a velar stop consonant vowels edit front central back high i u high mid e o low mid ɛ ɔ low a ɛ ɔ may be heard as close mid e o when in stressed positions or in exclamatory words written language edit this section does not cite any sources please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed july 2017 learn how and when to remove this message eggon has no literary standard language the earliest written material in eggon appears to be scripture portions from 1937 probably prepared by i d hepburn the dialect chosen for bible translation is based on the wana dialect although it is supplemented by forms from other dialects and so is a sort of synthetic eggon not based on the speech of a particular group a hymnbook and 2 readers were prepared and the translation of the new testament was completed in 1974 the orthography of the new testament is somewhat different from the earlier publications there are however literature works written in eggon language which provides confidence for one to surely say there is improvement in the written language of eggon there are also summer lessons to teach and train eggon sons and daughters their language and culture eggon is apparently in use in churches only in remoter regions and it has been displaced by hausa in all establishments along the main road however there is apparently a move to revive the use of eggon some evidence of this is the recent publication of new material in eggon a book of history and customs and a women s magazine which is intended to make a regular appearance bibliography edit the following are the main things that have been written about eggon some have not been published and are only available in mimeo ames c g 1934 new ed 1972 gazetteer of the plateau province nigeria jos native administration gerhardt l 1983 the classification of eggon plateau or benue group jwal 13 37 50 ludzi t 1981 the syntax of eggon b a essay department of english university of jos maddieson i 1972 the benue congo languages of nigeria mimeo ibadan maddieson i n d verb nominal contraction in eggon mimeo ibadan maddieson i n d the noun class system of eggon mimeo ibadan maddieson i 1982 unusual consonant cluster and complex segments in eggon studies in african linguistics supplement 8 89 92 sibomana l 1985 a phonological and grammatical outline of eggon afrika und übersee 68 43 68 welmers w e 1971 checklist of african language and dialect names in ctl7 759 900 ed t a sebeok mouton the hague references edit eggon at ethnologue 25th ed 2022 blench roger 2019 an atlas of nigerian languages 4th ed cambridge kay williamson educational foundation nigeria situation of the eggon ethnic group including treatment by society armed groups and state authorities 2011 june 2016 https refworld org docid 5843f9124 html liman sa adatu hassan and abubakar s i wakawa january 2012 muslims of nasarawa state a survey nigeria research network nrn oxford department of international development oxford university nasarawa state n d languages of nasarawa state professor of history obafemi awolowo university nigeria 30 may 2016 correspondence with the research directorate timothy terna 2022 verbal morphosyntax of the eggon language theological college of northern nigeria bukuru a dictionary of eggon edited by roger blench in preparation external links edit excerpts from a dictionary of eggon edited by roger blench v t e languages of nigeria official languages english national languages hausa igbo yoruba recognised languages berom ebira edo efik ibibio fulfulde gbagyi idoma igala ijaw isoko izere jju jukun kanuri nupe karai karai tiv tyap ukwuani urhobo indigenous languages indigenous languages grouped by nigerian state adamawa baa bacama bali bata boga bura chamba leko daba daka dong fali of mubi ga anda gaa gude gudu holma huba hwana hya kamwe kanakuru kirya konzəl kofa koma kpasam kugama kumba lamang longuda margi margi south mumuye ngwaba nyong nzanyi psikyɛ sukur taram teme tso vere waja wom yendang zizilivakan akwa ibom anaang ekit ibibio obolo oron bauchi ɓeele bole bure ciwogai dass dazawa deno dikaka dulbu galambu gera geruma giiwo guruntum jalaa jarawa jimi karekare kariya kir balar kubi kushi kusur myet kutto kwaami labir longuda mangas mburku miya pa a piya polci shiki siri tso warji zangwal zumbun bayelsa izon epie urhobo isoko southeast ijo benue eggon igede borno afade bura cibak cineni dghwede glavda gude guduf gava gvoko jara jilbe kamwe kanakuru lamang maaka mafa margi margi south nggwahyi putai tera wandala yedina cross river abanyom efik mbe mbembe delta urhobo isoko ika izon isoko ukwuani uhrobo edo afenmai ishan bini gombe awak bangwinji bole dadiya jara kamo ngamo pero tangale tera tula waja jigawa bade teshenawa kaduna adara ahwai anib atsam ayu berom bu ninkada bina bishi cori doka dungu duya ekhwa gbagyi gbari gwandara gyong hasha hausa hyam ikulu jju kaivi kinuku koonu kuzamani mada mala nghan nikyob nindem ninzo numana nungu nyankpa ruma sambe sha shamang t kurmi timap tiseni tivori toro tugbiri niragu tumi tyap fantswam gworog sholyio takad tyap mabatado tyecharak tyuku vono wachi zhire kano ɗuwai hausa tikurmi kebbi cipu damakawa hun saare kogi basa benue bassa nge igala nupe oworo kwara kakanda kupa nupe nasarawa ake alumu basa benue duhwa eggon hasha jili toro niger asu bariba cipu gbagyi gwandara jijili kakanda nupe pongu ondo itsekiri izon ukaan plateau barkul berom bogghom bole cakfem mushere dass fyam fyer goemai horom izere jorto koenoem kofyar kulere miship montol mundat mwaghavul ngas pe pyapun rigwe ron sha sur tal tambas tarok tyap takad yankam yiwom rivers abua baan biseni defaka degema ekpeye eleme engenni gokana ijaw ikwerre kalabari khana kugbo nkoroo o chi chi obolo obulom odual ogba ogbogolo ogbronuagum ogoni okodia oruma tee ukwuani aboh ndoni taraba baissa fali bete buru dadiya donga kholok kpati laka lufu mumuye nyam nyingwom pangseng rang tarok waja waka yendang yoti yobe bade bole ɗuwai karekare ngamo ngizim sign languages nigerian sign language bura sign language hausa sign language scripts pan nigerian alphabet nigerian braille medefaidrin v t e platoid languages jukunoid como karim etkywan hõne jan awei jiba jibu jiru jukun kpan kuteb lau nyifon shoo minda nye tigon mbembe wannu wapan wãpha kainji kambari cipu baangi kimba shingini vadi wenci yumu basa basa benue basa gumna basa gurara basa kontagora basa kwali basa makurdi koromba bassa nge kamuku cinda regi eastern acipa hungworo kagare rogo rubaruba shama shiroro baushi fungwa gurmana pongu northwest damakawa gwamhi wuri hun saare lela ut ma in lakes laru shen lopa rerang cuba urcibar reshe east northern gamo ningi gyem guta janji kudu camo lemoro lere shau ziriya zora kauru bina dungu gbiri niragu kaivi kinuku kono kurama mala ruma shuwa zamani vori surubu tumi vono shammo zele boze panawa sanga gusu moro loro bunu tunzu other atsam map piti plateau tarokoid kusur myet kwang pe shall zwall tarok yangkam south ake eggon jijili jili alumic akpondu alumu toro sambe hasha nigbo nisam ninzic bu ninkada ce gbətsu gwantu kanufi mada ningye ninka ninkyop ninzo nkɔ nungu ayu east barkul fyam horom central ashe koro ajuwa cori dangana doka fəràn gwara gyong hyam idon idun iku izere jju kadara kamanton kulu kuturmi rigwe shamang tyap yeskwa zhire beromic berom cara iten nincut yukubenic akum beezen bete kapya lufu yukuben ndunic ahwai others eloyi retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title eggon_language oldid 1376430060 categories languages of nigeria south plateau languages hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles needing additional references from july 2017 all articles needing additional references language articles citing ethnologue 25 all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from july 2017 all articles that may have off topic sections wikipedia articles that may have off topic sections from may 2019 articles needing additional references from may 2026 this page was last edited on 24 september 2026 at 02 49 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents eggon language 6 languages add topic