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ar in 1949 citation needed truman doctrine edit the u s had largely ignored greece since it was in the british sphere but lent 25 million on easy terms in 1946 however it complained that its financial system was chaotic the far left boycotted elections in march 1946 that were held under international supervision the us judged them fair and supported the new conservative government just like the plebiscite that brought back king george ii behind the scenes american diplomats tried to convince the government to end corruption fighting broke out in 1946 with the communist element receiving arms and bases of support across the border in yugoslavia london secretly informed washington in february 1947 that its funding would run out in a matter of weeks a crisis was at hand and the u s decided to act decisively 19 administration leaders believed that the eastern mediterranean was ripe for an armed communist takeover since britain had to withdraw its forces and its money from greece in the greek civil war communist partisans who had been organized to fight the germans were by 1946 strongly supported by the tito s yugoslavia but received no support from the soviet union 20 if the communists won turkey with its large but weak and antiquated army would be at very high risk truman won bipartisan support in march 1947 for the truman doctrine which gave 300 million in military and economic aid to greece and 100 million to turkey they were grants not loans truman declared to congress on 12 march it must be the policy of the united states to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures 21 in a larger sense the truman doctrine formalized a policy of soviet containment in which the united states would oppose the further spread of communism the policy meant rejecting any rollback strategy to end communist rule where it already existed 22 the united states also contributed hundreds of millions of dollars to rebuild greece s buildings agriculture and industry as part of the marshall plan 23 tito s split with stalin and american aid helped the greek government and army to win the war by 1949 the government forces had won the civil war greece joined nato in 1952 24 25 postwar edit the u s provided greece with more than 11 1 billion in economic and security assistance after 1946 economic programs were phased out by 1962 but military assistance continued in the fiscal year 1995 greece was the fourth largest recipient of u s security assistance receiving loans totaling 255 15 million in foreign military financing 26 barack obama s visit in athens 2016 in 1953 the first defense cooperation agreement between greece and the united states was signed providing for the establishment and operation of american military installations on greek territory the current mutual defense cooperation agreement provides a continued u s military support to greece and the operation by the u s of a major military facility at souda bay crete 27 relations between the two countries were later strained by the cyprus dispute and after the end of the greek junta which particularly the greek left considered to be backed by the u s in 1974 greece temporarily left the military branch of nato to protest the turkish invasion of cyprus in 1980 it rejoined the military branch and remained a close albeit not as close as pre 1974 us ally during the remainder of the cold war 28 truman statue in athens edit a 12 foot bronze statue of harry s truman was erected in athens in 1963 with the help from greek americans it is one of only eight statues of american presidents outside the united states the statue has been a focal point of anti americanism in greece it has been toppled over several times painted and vandalized 29 in march 1986 it was destroyed by a dynamite bombing by a group considering it as being a symbol of american imperialism the statue was restored within a year by the government 30 although it had originally been refused by the athens city council 31 32 more recently in april 2018 a group of students tried to topple the statue during a communist anti american protest but were stopped by riot police 33 trade and foreign direct investment edit meeting of the secretary of state condoleezza rice greek foreign minister dora bakoyannis left and greek prime minister kostas karamanlis center at maximos mansion in athens mainly the greek products exports to the united states involve petroleum products cement tobacco fur products olive oil marble clothing articles steel products pipes and refractory products on the other hand u s imports to greece mostly are industrial and agricultural products and machinery telecommunications equipment computers and electronic equipment timber medical and pharmaceutical items machinery and parts skins and wood pulp 34 even though the united states imposed restrictions on the importation of certain fresh or processed agricultural products there is full freedom of sale of greek industrial products in the whole u s market the eu united states agreement signed in may 1993 allows greek enterprises access to u s public contracts trade between the two countries amounted to nearly a billion us dollars in 2010 35 due to the credit crunch crisis of 2008 that has negatively affected the greek economy thousands of u s firms have shifted their productive activities from other balkan countries and italy to greece due to lower costs of production 36 the greece us economic commercial cooperation committee eccc is also currently working to bilaterally expand trade flow and cooperation and widen their market in southeastern europe the black sea and the middle east 34 military collaboration edit american and greek troops landing at panormos july 1920 during the greco turkish war the oliver hazard perry class guided missile frigate uss de wert ffg 45 arrives for a port visit to crete on 24 august 2011 bilateral greek u s military relations can be dated back to the early 19th century when greeks were fighting for their independence against the ottoman empire during the movement of philhellenism the two nations found commonality under their values of freedom and democracy while many american philhellenes went also to help in greece military collaboration stemming from wars like world war i and world war ii have set the foundation for the two countries as firm allies greece and the u s have also been allies through the cold war as well as conflicts in bosnia kosovo and afghanistan within this past century 37 38 the u s greek defense industrial cooperation agreement 39 which was signed on 8 september 1983 regulates defense and intelligence relations between greece and the united states a revised and expanded defence cooperation agreement was signed in 2019 with the aim of enhancing the close defense ties between the two countries 40 41 during the gulf war collaboration strengthened relations between greece and the united states as greece sent military and medical assistance to the u s forces in the gulf region in may 1995 greece defence ministry organized the new spirit 95 military exercises in the area of karditsa as a mean to foster military cooperation between greece albania romania bulgaria and the united states in parallel exchange of visits between high level political and military officials to the two countries such as that of condoleezza rice to athens reinforced cooperation between greece and the united states in the areas of fighting against terrorism and the war against drugs additionally the port of thessaloniki is open to nato exercises in the eastern mediterranean and greece has been a main contributor to nato operations in afghanistan including counterterrorism and counter piracy maritime efforts 42 43 greece and the u s are also allies in the war of terror and are closely cooperating in the coalition for the fight against the islamic state with greece providing technical and arms support to the u s led coalition in its efforts to drive out isil from iraqi and syrian territories the armies of the two countries the united states armed forces and the hellenic armed forces also participate in large scale military drills which are taking place in the mediterranean region 44 45 46 47 while crete s naval base at souda bay in greece serves as the largest and most prominent naval base for the united states in the eastern mediterranean 48 49 50 additionally the souda bay base features the only deep water port in the entire southern european and mediterranean regions that is suitable and capable for maintaining the largest aircraft carriers making it of vital importance for the broader security in the region with the only other such options available for the us navy being norfolk in the united states and dubai in the persian gulf 51 in 2019 the two have signed a revised defense pact which american officials described as critical to responding to security challenges in the eastern mediterranean sea the deal provides for increasing joint u s greece and nato activity at larissa stefanovikio and alexandroupoli as well as infrastructure and other improvements at the crete naval base 52 53 on 6 november 2020 greece raised an official request to the united states for the acquisition of 18 24 stealth multi role f 35 fighter jets from the year 2021 54 on 13 october 2021 greece and the united states upgraded their defense pact signing an agreement that allows expanded access for us troops to train and operate from four additional bases in greece indefinitely greece also has a bilateral maritime defense pact with france and the parties hold these to be complementary to nato 55 mutual membership to international organizations edit both greece and the united states share membership in various international organizations with most important being the united nations nato euro atlantic partnership council organization for security and cooperation in europe organisation for economic co operation and development international monetary fund world bank and world trade organization additionally greece has been a permanent observer to the organization of american states greek american community edit external videos greek genocide memorial united nations plaza 1993 the new national hellenic museum chicago greek festival in seattle the earliest greek immigrants date back to the 1760s although the first significant greek community was not established until the 1850s in new orleans la the first greek consulate and greek orthodox church in the us were founded in new orleans as well immigration of greeks into the us was at its peak in 1945 after damage of the world wars and greek civil war had left their economy in ruins after admittance of greece into the eu in 1981 immigration of greeks into the us greatly decreased as of 1999 there were 72 000 greek americans who had migrated to greece but now those number might be minimal due to the current economic crisis in the eu and greece 56 the 2000 us census showed 1 153 295 greeks living in the us about 3 million americans are of greek ancestry 57 greek festival in new orleans greek american public officials edit greek americans are an established well organized community in the u s several notable former politicians include former vice president spiro agnew senators olympia snowe paul sarbanes and paul tsongas and 1988 presidential candidate and former massachusetts governor michael dukakis there are currently 7 greek americans serving in the u s congress representatives chris pappas gus bilirakis dina titus nicole malliotakis mike haridopolos maggie goodlander and jimmy patronis greek american lobby in the united states edit greek american lawyers lobbyists public relations specialists work in various organizations in washington d c and across the nation such as the american hellenic institute and ahepa to promote u s relations with greece 58 59 this includes a decades long presence of public advocacy directed at the u s congress the department of state the white house and other government institutions the greek american lobby has a history of cooperation with other national lobbies in the united states most notably being the israeli lobby and to a lesser extent the armenian lobby heads of governments visits edit guest host place of visit date of visit president dwight d eisenhower prime minister konstantinos karamanlis maximos mansion athens 14 15 december 1959 prime minister konstantinos karamanlis president john f kennedy white house washington d c april 1961 prime minister georgios papandreou president lyndon b johnson white house washington d c june 1964 president george h w bush prime minister konstantinos mitsotakis maximos mansion athens 18 20 july 1991 prime minister konstantinos mitsotakis president george h w bush white house washington d c 17 november 1992 prime minister andreas papandreou president bill clinton white house washington d c april 1994 president bill clinton prime minister costas simitis maximos mansion athens 19 20 november 1999 prime minister costas simitis president george w bush white house washington d c january 2002 prime minister kostas karamanlis president george w bush new york city 18 23 may 2004 secretary of state condoleezza rice foreign minister dora bakoyannis maximos mansion athens april 2006 prime minister george papandreou president barack obama white house washington d c march 2010 united states vice president joe biden prime minister antonis samaras maximos mansion athens june 2011 united states secretary of the treasury jack lew finance minister yannis stournaras athens june 2013 prime minister antonis samaras president barack obama white house washington d c august 2013 foreign minister evangelos venizelos secretary of state john kerry state department washington d c august 2013 prime minister alexis tsipras president barack obama new york city september 2015 secretary of state john kerry foreign minister nikos kotzias athens december 2015 united states secretary of the treasury jack lew finance minister euclid tsakalotos athens july 2016 president barack obama prime minister alexis tsipras maximos mansion athens 15 16 november 2016 prime minister alexis tsipras president donald trump white house washington d c 17 october 2017 prime minister kyriakos mitsotakis president donald trump white house washington d c january 2020 60 secretary of state mike pompeo foreign minister nikos dendias thessaloniki 28 september 2020 prime minister kyriakos mitsotakis president joe biden white house washington d c 16 17 may 2022 resident diplomatic missions edit the template below col begin is being considered for deletion see templates for discussion to help reach a consensus of greece in the united states washington d c embassy 61 boston consulate general 62 chicago consulate general 63 los angeles consulate general 64 new york city consulate general 65 san francisco consulate general 66 tampa consulate general 67 atlanta consulate 68 houston cons...