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ges search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 types toggle types subsection 1 1 pixel count 1 2 spatial resolution 1 3 spectral resolution 1 4 temporal resolution 1 5 radiometric resolution 2 resolution in various media toggle resolution in various media subsection 2 1 narrowscreen 4 3 computer display resolutions 2 2 analog 2 3 digital 2 4 film 2 5 print 2 6 modern digital camera resolutions 3 see also 4 references toggle the table of contents image resolution 30 languages العربية bosanski català dansk deutsch esperanto español eesti euskara فارسی suomi עברית हिन्दी bahasa indonesia ido italiano 日本語 한국어 lietuvių bahasa melayu kapampangan português română slovenščina shqip svenska kiswahili ไทย українська 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia measure of how fine an image is not to be confused with optical resolution hi res redirects here for the company see hi res for the digital audio quality term see high resolution audio image resolution is the level of detail of an image the term applies to digital images film images and other types of images higher resolution means more image detail image resolution can be measured in various ways resolution quantifies how close lines can be to each other and still be visibly resolved resolution units can be tied to physical sizes e g lines per mm lines per inch to the overall size of a picture lines per picture height also known simply as lines tv lines or tvl or to angular subtense instead of single lines line pairs are often used composed of a dark line and an adjacent light line for example a resolution of 10 lines per millimeter means 5 dark lines alternating with 5 light lines or 5 line pairs per millimeter 5 lp mm photographic lenses are most often quoted in line pairs per millimeter types edit this section needs more citations please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed may 2021 learn how and when to remove this message the resolution of digital cameras can be described in many different ways pixel count edit the term resolution is often considered equivalent to pixel count in digital imaging though international standards in the digital camera field specify it should instead be called number of total pixels in relation to image sensors and as number of recorded pixels for what is fully captured hence cipa dcg 001 calls for notation such as number of recorded pixels 1000 1500 1 2 according to the same standards the number of effective pixels that an image sensor or digital camera has is the count of pixel sensors that contribute to the final image including pixels not in said image but nevertheless support the image filtering process as opposed to the number of total pixels which includes unused or light shielded pixels around the edges an image of n pixels height by m pixels wide can have any resolution less than n lines per picture height or n tv lines but when the pixel counts are referred to as resolution the convention is to describe the pixel resolution with the set of two positive integer numbers where the first number is the number of pixel columns width and the second is the number of pixel rows height for example as 7680 6876 another popular convention is to cite resolution as the total number of pixels in the image typically given as number of megapixels which can be calculated by multiplying pixel columns by pixel rows and dividing by one million other conventions include describing pixels per length unit or pixels per area unit such as pixels per inch or per square inch none of these pixel resolutions are true resolutions clarification needed but they are widely referred to as such they serve as upper bounds on image resolution below is an illustration of how the same image might appear at different pixel resolutions if the pixels were poorly rendered as sharp squares normally a smooth image reconstruction from pixels would be preferred but for illustration of pixels the sharp squares make the point better an image that is 2048 pixels in width and 1536 pixels in height has a total of 2048 1536 3 145 728 pixels or 3 1 megapixels one could refer to it as 2048 by 1536 or a 3 1 megapixel image the image would be a very low quality image 72ppi if printed at about 28 5 inches wide but a very good quality image 300ppi if printed at about 7 inches wide the number of photodiodes in a color digital camera image sensor is often a multiple of the number of pixels in the image it produces because information from an array of color image sensors is used to reconstruct the color of a single pixel the image has to be interpolated or demosaiced to produce all three colors for each output pixel spatial resolution edit main article spatial resolution further information focus optics the terms blurriness and sharpness are used for digital images but other descriptors are used to reference the hardware capturing and displaying the images spatial resolution in radiology is the ability of the imaging modality to differentiate two objects low spatial resolution techniques will be unable to differentiate between two objects that are relatively close together the 1951 usaf resolution test target is a classic test target used to determine spatial resolution of imaging sensors and imaging systems though they have the same pixel count the first image has a lower spatial resolution than the second the measure of how closely lines can be resolved in an image is called spatial resolution and it depends on properties of the system creating the image not just the pixel resolution in pixels per inch ppi for practical purposes the clarity of the image is decided by its spatial resolution not the number of pixels in an image in effect spatial resolution is the number of independent pixel values per unit length the spatial resolution of consumer displays ranges from 50 to 800 pixel lines per inch with scanners optical resolution is sometimes used to distinguish spatial resolution from the number of pixels per inch in remote sensing spatial resolution is typically limited by diffraction as well as by aberrations imperfect focus and atmospheric distortion the ground sample distance gsd of an image the pixel spacing on the earth s surface is typically considerably smaller than the resolvable spot size in astronomy one who often when measures spatial resolution in data points per arcsecond subtended at the point of observation because the physical distance between objects in the image depends on their distance away and this varies widely with the object of interest on the other hand in electron microscopy line or fringe resolution is the minimum separation detectable between adjacent parallel lines e g between planes of atoms whereas point resolution is instead the minimum separation between adjacent points that can be both detected and interpreted e g as adjacent columns of atoms for instance the former often helps one detect periodicity in specimens whereas the latter although more difficult to achieve is key to visualizing how individual atoms interact in stereoscopic 3d images spatial resolution could be defined as the spatial information recorded or captured by two viewpoints of a stereo camera left and right camera spectral resolution edit main article icc profile pixel encoding limits the information stored in a digital image and the term color profile is used for digital images but other descriptors are used to reference the hardware capturing and displaying the images spectral resolution is the ability to resolve spectral features and bands into their separate components color images distinguish light of different spectra multispectral images can resolve even finer differences of spectrum or wavelength by measuring and storing more than the traditional 3 of common rgb color images temporal resolution edit main article frame rate temporal resolution tr is the precision of a measurement with respect to time movie cameras and high speed cameras can resolve events at different points in time the time resolution used for movies is usually 24 to 48 frames per second frames s whereas high speed cameras may resolve 50 to 300 frames s or even more the heisenberg uncertainty principle describes the fundamental limit on the maximum spatial resolution of information about a particle s coordinates imposed by the measurement or existence of information regarding its momentum to any degree of precision this fundamental limitation can in turn be a factor in the maximum imaging resolution at subatomic scales as can be encountered using scanning electron microscopes radiometric resolution edit main article color depth radiometric resolution determines how finely a system can represent or distinguish differences of intensity and is usually expressed as a number of levels or a number of bits for example 8 bits or 256 levels which is typical of computer image files the higher the radiometric resolution the more subtle differences of intensity or reflectivity can be represented at least in theory in practice the effective radiometric resolution is typically limited by the noise level rather than by the number of bits of representation resolution in various media edit this is a list of traditional analogue horizontal resolutions for various media the list only includes popular formats not rare formats and all values are approximate because the actual quality can vary machine to machine or tape to tape for ease of comparison all values are for the ntsc system for pal systems replace 480 with 576 analog formats usually had less chroma resolution many cameras and displays offset the color components relative to each other or mix up temporal with spatial resolution digital camera bayer color filter array lcd triangular pixel geometry crt shadow mask narrowscreen 4 3 computer display resolutions edit 320 200 mcga 320 240 qvga 640 350 ega 640 480 vga 800 600 super vga 1024 768 xga evga 1600 1200 uxga analog edit 320 200 crt monitors 333 480 vhs video8 umatic 350 480 betamax 420 480 super betamax betacam 460 480 betacam sp umatic sp ntsc over the air tv 580 480 super vhs hi8 laserdisc 700 480 enhanced definition betamax analog broadcast limit ntsc 768 576 analog broadcast limit pal secam digital edit 352 240 video cd 500 480 digital8 720 480 d vhs dvd minidv digital betacam ntsc 720 480 widescreen dvd anamorphic ntsc 854 480 edtv enhanced definition television 720 576 d vhs dvd minidv digital8 digital betacam pal secam 720 576 or 1024 576 widescreen dvd anamorphic pal secam 1280 720 d vhs hd dvd blu ray hdv minidv 1440 1080 hdv minidv 1920 1080 hdv minidv avchd hd dvd blu ray hdcam sr 1998 1080 2k flat 1 85 1 2048 1080 2k digital cinema 2560 1440 qhd quad hd i e 4x the pixels in hd 1280x720 3840 2160 4k uhdtv ultra hd blu ray 4096 2160 4k digital cinema 7680 4320 8k uhdtv 15360 8640 16k digital cinema 30720 17280 32k sequences from newer films are scanned at 2 000 4 000 or even 8 000 columns called 2k 4k and 8k for quality visual effects editing on computers imax including imax hd and omnimax approximately 10 000 7 000 7 000 lines resolution it is about 70 mp which is as of january 2012 update the highest resolution single sensor digital cinema camera citation needed film edit 35 mm film is scanned for release on dvd at 1080 or 2000 lines as of 2005 the actual resolution of 35 mm original camera negatives is the subject of much debate measured resolutions of negative film have ranged from 25 200 lp mm which equates to a range of 325 lines for 2 perf to theoretically over 2300 lines for 4 perf shot on t max 100 3 4 5 kodak states that 35 mm film has the equivalent of 6k resolution horizontally according to a senior vice president of imax 6 print edit dimensions and pixel resolution for a series paper at 300 ppi paper size dimensions pixels mm inches a0 840 1 186 33 1 46 7 9921 14008 a1 594 840 23 4 33 1 7016 9921 a2 420 594 16 5 23 4 4961 7016 a3 297 420 11 7 16 5 3508 4961 a4 210 297 8 3 11 7 2480 3508 a5 148 210 5 8 8 3 1748 2480 a6 105 148 4 1 5 8 1240 1748 a7 74 105 2 9 4 1 874 1240 a8 52 74 2 0 2 9 614 874 modern digital camera resolutions edit digital medium format camera single not combined one large digital sensor 80 mp starting from 2011 current as of 2013 10320 7752 or 10380 7816 81 1 mp 7 8 9 10 digital still camera canon eos 5ds 51 mp 8688 5792 see also edit display resolution dots per inch multi exposure hdr capture high resolution picture transmission image scaling image scanner kell factor which typically limits the number of visible lines to 0 7x of the device resolution pixel density references edit archived 2017 02 02 at the wayback machine guideline for noting digital camera specifications in catalogs the term resolution shall not be used for the number of recorded pixels ansi i3a it10 7000 2004 photography digital still cameras guidelines for reporting pixel related specifications kodak vision3 500t color negative film 5219 7219 so 219 pdf july 2015 an analysis of film resolution understanding image sharpness part 1a resolution and mtf curves in film and lenses by norman koren film interview imax executives talk the hunger games catching fire and imax misconceptions slash film december 2 2013 retrieved december 17 2013 phaseone archived from the original on 2012 03 18 leaf aptus medium format digital backs www mamiyaleaf com archived from the original on 2015 09 24 retrieved 2013 11 06 dxo phase one iq180 digital back tests and reviews dxomark www dxomark com forret peter megapixel calculator toolstudio web forret com retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title image_resolution oldid 1374520646 categories computer graphics image processing data storage data quality hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata articles needing additional references from may 2021 all articles needing additional references webarchive template wayback links wikipedia articles needing clarification from august 2017 all articles with specifically marked weasel worded phrases articles with specifically marked weasel worded phrases from february 2025 all articles with vague or ambiguous time vague or ambiguous time from february 2025 articles containing potentially dated statements from january 2012 all articles containing potentially dated statements all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from march 2012 this page was last edited on 12 september 2026 at 15 49 utc page was 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