Meta tags:

Headings (most frequently used words):

code, example, intel, 8008, contents, history, features, design, instruction, set, interrupts, designers, second, sources, see, also, notes, references, external, links, related, processor, designs,

Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (206), and (85), 8008 (67), intel (63), bit (39), for (33), was (28), register (26), memory (25), with (24), instruction (23), from (22), gen (20), data (19), #design (18), edit (18), code (17), computer (17), retrieved (17), byte (17), address (17), 8080 (16), are (16), ctc (16), this (15), based (15), chip (15), 4004 (14), set (14), that (14), bits (14), 000 (13), microprocessor (12), pdf (12), bytes (12), ddd (12), add (11), x86 (11), instructions (11), registers (11), 1972 (10), core (10), processor (10), history (10), stack (10), can (10), one (10), call (10), original (9), external (9), cpu (9), level (9), first (9), also (9), 1201 (9), not (9), block (9), cnt (9), src (9), their (9), using (8), architecture (8), cove (8), load (8), alu (8), true (8), corporation (8), only (8), dst (8), arg (8), datapoint (8), 2200 (8), wikipedia (7), page (7), 1974 (7), microcomputer (7), mcs (7), faggin (7), second (7), chips (7), but (7), there (7), has (7), port (7), two (7), april (6), pentium (6), archived (6), high (6), state (6), logic (6), single (6), development (6), save (6), pair (6), eight (6), into (6), example (6), dfb (6), assembler (6), sss (6), new (6), pin (6), terminal (6), about (5), use (5), all (5), related (5), other (5), dual (5), processors (5), shirriff (5), ken (5), language (5), manual (5), mazor (5), federico (5), 2023 (5), 2025 (5), package (5), developed (5), had (5), between (5), needed (5), after (5), than (5), interrupt (5), were (5), time (5), ret (5), low (5), exchange (5), counter (5), cal (5), source (5), location (5), another (5), subroutine (5), shr (5), supported (5), 302 (5), states (5), move (5), toggle (4), contents (4), search (4), under (4), you (4), non (4), articles (4), 2024 (4), description (4), different (4), 2018 (4), org (4), bridge (4), xeon (4), celeron (4), atom (4), early (4), 1971 (4), 2014 (4), personal (4), links (4), hoff (4), 2010 (4), 056 (4), version (4), they (4), flags (4), citation (4), could (4), silicon (4), read (4), implemented (4), interrupts (4), end (4), then (4), memcpy2 (4), target (4), copy (4), parameters (4), 004 (4), named (4), since (4), more (4), which (4), loop (4), memcpy (4), jmp (4), lac (4), addhi (4), addlo (4), program (4), access (4), mhz (4), while (4), main (4), designed (4), hide (4), sidebar (4), view (3), terms (3), may (3), inc (3), unsourced (3), statements (3), october (3), discontinued (3), iii (3), databus (3), 1982 (3), 8085 (3), pre (3), variant (3), november (3), engineering (3), carry (3), made (3), december (3), assembly (3), basic (3), even (3), martin (3), support (3), 2008 (3), forgotten (3), usa (3), micro (3), 1975 (3), written (3), family (3), users (3), 1973 (3), parallel (3), simulator (3), 2021 (3), kildall (3), gary (3), terminals (3), cycle (3), order (3), see (3), sources (3), project (3), same (3), originally (3), its (3), successful (3), seven (3), ram (3), designers (3), point (3), via (3), hardware (3), ports (3), line (3), bus (3), rst (3), return (3), lle (3), xchgi (3), increment (3), 007 (3), 364 (3), following (3), file (3), values (3), given (3), used (3), loaded (3), indirect (3), most (3), opcode (3), lab (3), inl (3), lhi (3), addr (3), 255 (3), lli (3), upper (3), sbi (3), sui (3), 066 (3), 003 (3), 060 (3), 301 (3), false (3), conditional (3), operands (3), each (3), followed (3), these (3), equivalent (3), transistors (3), designs (3), clock (3), take (3), 500 (3), per (3), features (3), calculator (3), system (3), own (3), 1970 (3), general (3), might (3), noyce (3), tools (3), languages (2), table (2), developers (2), contact (2), privacy (2), policy (2), available (2), additional (2), wikimedia (2), commons (2), july (2), 2026 (2), categories (2), pages (2), short (2), wikidata (2), products (2), 1983 (2), microprocessors (2), process (2), model (2), itanium (2), skylake (2), broadwell (2), haswell (2), ivy (2), sandy (2), nehalem (2), 11th (2), 10th (2), 4th (2), 3rd (2), 2nd (2), 1st (2), soc (2), quark (2), netburst (2), pro (2), overdrive (2), 2004 (2), 8086 (2), 1977 (2), 4040 (2), current (2), goldmont (2), raptor (2), lake (2), microarchitectures (2), 2020 (2), reverse (2), circuit (2), bootstrap (2), years (2), reference (2), university (2), now (2), research (2), wood (2), lamont (2), world (2), origins (2), user (2), ieee (2), hal (2), programs (2), assembled (2), i8008 (2), printing (2), central (2), unit (2), software (2), santa (2), clara (2), california (2), interp (2), programming (2), technology (2), crawford (2), them (2), metal (2), texas (2), instruments (2), tmx (2), 1795 (2), almost (2), robotics (2), references (2), inp (2), notes (2), micral (2), mcm (2), scelbi (2), engineer (2), did (2), physical (2), methodology (2), circuits (2), leader (2), until (2), been (2), proposed (2), implementation (2), shift (2), added (2), however (2), because (2), gate (2), stan (2), ted (2), provision (2), write (2), when (2), some (2), must (2), help (2), architectural (2), subsequent (2), 002000q (2), 2000q (2), count (2), entry (2), 002000 (2), 206 (2), 015 (2), 002004 (2), 002005 (2), 002010 (2), 002011 (2), 002015 (2), 002016 (2), 002017 (2), 002021 (2), 002022 (2), 002024 (2), 002026 (2), 002027 (2), copies (2), above (2), format (2), although (2), value (2), zero (2), little (2), lha (2), acm (2), lea (2), adm (2), sum (2), 207 (2), 340 (2), 217 (2), 350 (2), size (2), operators (2), cpr (2), cpi (2), orr (2), ori (2), xrr (2), xri (2), ndr (2), ndi (2), sbr (2), sur (2), acr (2), aci (2), adr (2), adi (2), mnemonic (2), halt (2), hlt (2), operation (2), immediate (2), except (2), execute (2), requires (2), jump (2), subroutines (2), located (2), fixed (2), calls (2), direct (2), any (2), accumulator (2), operations (2), four (2), mode (2), interface (2), pins (2), would (2), machine (2), working (2), status (2), small (2), ttl (2), versions (2), work (2), later (2), built (2), several (2), computers (2), joe (2), power (2), operating (2), instead (2), contract (2), success (2), able (2), released (2), seiko (2), interest (2), business (2), calculators (2), met (2), chipset (2), who (2), programmable (2), agreed (2), concern (2), introduced (2), customers (2), said (2), sell (2), 3300 (2), successor (2), roche (2), expressed (2), width (2), khz (2), information (2), appearance (2), upload (2), changes (2), article (2), subsection (2), log (2), create (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), topic, mobile, cookie, statement, statistics, conduct, legal, safety, contacts, disclaimers, text, apply, site, agree, registered, trademark, profit, organization, foundation, creative, attribution, sharealike, license, rendered, parsoid, last, edited, utc, hidden, numeric, formatnum, arguments, dmy, dates, services, introductions, https, index, php, title, intel_8008, oldid, 1364853219, larrabee, codenames, stratix, piixs, ichs, schs, pchs, arc, uhd, iris, graphics, gma, gpus, optimization, tick, tock, xscale, strongarm, i960, i860, risc, epic, iapx, 432, cisc, 9th, 8th, 7th, 6th, 5th, extreme, edition, tolapai, i586, 1998, a100, a110, rapidcad, dx4, dx2, i486, 376, i386, 80487, 80387dx, 80387sx, 80287, 80c187, 1980, 8087, fpus, x87, 80286, 80188, 80186, 1979, 8088, 1978, oriented, bcd, ultra, 14th, 13th, 12th, skymont, crestmont, gracemont, tremont, plus, airmont, silvermont, saltwell, bonnell, ulv, cougar, lion, redwood, golden, willow, cypress, sunny, cannon, westmere, penryn, enhanced, chipsets, lists, lookahead, how, historic, possible, february, 2017, surprisingly, advanced, 2016, die, photos, analysis, revolutionary, old, card, illinois, interpreter, runyan, grant, 118, 116, kilobaud, magazine, 1976, 911808003, oclc, donald, unofficial, sheet, 1996, los, alamitos, society, 0272, 1732, issn, 1109, 546561, doi, shima, masatoshi, stanley, marcian, chamberklin, your, september, executed, systems, x2941, 2005, museum, oral, quick, guide, 2003, opcodes, rev, march, product, 118a, 514, 0375, 103, 109, 108, mcgraw, hill, education, electronics, simplifies, arlen, appendices, revision, 0574, 25k, wiki, 2640a, brunel, master, dissertation, interview, interviewed, bryan, cantrill, jessie, frazelle, steve, tuck, event, occurs, entirely, marketing, makes, sound, like, just, totally, oxide, computing, podcast, blog, computerworld, thirty, www, cpushack, com, life, cpzs, presented, group, during, pcc, targeting, pioneering, microcomputers, kits, mark, intellec, sab8008, siemens, mil, mf8008, microsystems, international, u808, gdr, veb, mikroelektronik, karl, marx, erfurt, mme, detailed, layout, supervision, employing, utilizing, combined, logo, etched, onto, halfway, bonding, pads, feeney, having, finished, became, january, completion, suspended, lack, progress, months, rather, few, facility, called, started, before, develop, neither, nor, furthermore, necessary, yet, harry, pyle, victor, poor, problem, interrupted, mechanism, way, sort, device, such, attached, partially, int, asserted, acknowledges, outputting, 011, t1i, fetch, jammed, word, typically, sim8, board, possibly, contains, eprom, otherwise, ind, rfz, ine, ldb, lhd, lbh, leb, lbl, pairs, continue, jfz, decrement, dcc, lma, lam, 256, 307, 002001, 370, 021, 110, 002014, 316, 341, 002020, 315, 353, 331, 002023, 040, 013, 002025, 030, simplified, reducing, enough, room, octal, locations, actuality, addressable, space, stored, arbitrary, choice, incapable, reading, writing, directly, operand, parameter, decremented, becomes, note, occupy, endian, repeat, store, lmd, getdst, ldm, lower, getsrc, lba, lca, deccnt, rtz, orb, lbm, lcm, 001700q, 1700q, 001700, 001701, 001702, 001703, 001704, 001705, 304, 002002, 327, 002006, 317, 002007, 261, 053, 002012, 002013, 024, 001, 320, 034, 310, 300, 002030, 002031, 002032, 002033, 002034, 002035, 002036, 337, 002037, 002041, 002043, 002044, 002045, 002046, 002047, 002050, 002051, 002052, 002053, 373, 002054, 104, 002057, borrows, right, select, placement, contemporaneous, programmer, expected, calculate, numbers, type, odd, lds, ccc, out, jcc, rar, ral, rrc, lri, rcc, rlc, dcr, inr, clocks, three, long, constant, pointed, referenced, replaces, additionally, provide, levels, invocations, restart, shortcut, addresses, 00h, 08h, 10h, 38h, intended, supplied, invoke, service, routines, employed, fast, copying, math, functions, results, always, deposited, operate, increments, decrements, curiously, supports, rotate, strict, extension, loosely, resembles, well, every, modern, encodings, z80, electrically, modernized, uses, depletion, expanded, upon, implements, efficient, despite, close, relationship, binary, compatible, run, assemblers, syntax, mnemonics, produced, nmos, limited, triple, duty, transfer, needs, latched, mar, output, input, dip, enhancement, initial, frequencies, increased, specified, maximum, where, cycles, loads, jumps, taken, slower, processes, significantly, applications, significant, speed, advantage, over, pmos, push, down, rogram, ounter, ccumulator, position, diagram, provided, parity, sign, condition, capability, cell, ignored, six, includes, offered, worked, consultant, fortran, very, commercial, excluding, itself, kit, french, canadian, controlling, models, hewlett, packard, 2640, team, laboratories, emi, led, tom, spink, release, sample, hardman, extended, among, things, gave, fail, recovery, screen, printer, meta, parnell, burnt, prom, driven, queued, pdp, digital, equipment, once, again, moved, faster, voted, involvement, leaving, intellectual, property, paying, renamed, put, catalog, priced, 120, renaming, tried, ride, off, presenting, simply, went, commercially, popular, hugely, 924, make, samples, drawings, calling, proved, buggy, rejected, delayed, decided, implement, discrete, waiting, spring, sale, paused, longer, approached, expressing, scientific, likely, seeing, simpler, busicom, leadership, designer, expanding, delivered, late, mills, serial, 1969, representative, discuss, options, less, cumbersome, ultimately, cost, effective, building, custom, began, known, major, existing, customer, base, purchased, seen, competitor, look, elsewhere, nevertheless, brought, supplier, 415, intriguing, idea, dumb, have, hundreds, issues, including, excessive, heat, radiation, planned, part, internal, circuitry, looking, company, produce, founder, austin, gus, turned, primarily, vendor, concept, john, frassanito, recalls, bob, wafer, closed, open, capable, addressing, manufactured, agreement, permitted, market, eighty, thousand, unsupported, node, bottling, machines, 1970s, irb, simple, etc, industrial, robots, asea, application, classification, dip18, socket, specifications, 800, max, rate, performance, common, manufacturer, marketed, launched, c8008, purple, ceramic, gold, plated, lid, free, encyclopedia, item, projects, printable, download, print, export, switch, legacy, parser, get, shortened, url, cite, permanent, link, what, here, actions, english, talk, tiếng, việt, українська, türkçe, svenska, српски, srpski, slovenčina, русский, română, português, polski, norsk, bokmål, nederlands, മലയാളം, lietuvių, 한국어, 日本語, italiano, bahasa, indonesia, magyar, hrvatski, עברית, galego, français, suomi, فارسی, eesti, español, ελληνικά, deutsch, čeština, català, български, top, special, recent, community, portal, learn, contribute, random, events, navigation, content,

Text of the page (random words):
ion set simulator for the 8008 named interp 8 9 it was written in fortran iv by gary kildall while he worked as a consultant for intel 10 11 features edit the 8008 architecture includes the following features 12 48 instructions one 8 bit accumulator a six 8 bit registers b c d e h l memory access of 16 kb using the h and l registers hl as a 14 bit address the upper two bits are ignored 8 bits for each memory cell interrupt capability a 14 bit program counter a seven level 14 bit call stack four condition code bits carry c even parity p zero z and sign s the 8008 was provided in an 18 pin dual in line package 12 design edit i8008 block diagram 13 intel 8008 registers 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 0 0 9 0 8 0 7 0 6 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 0 1 0 0 bit position main registers a a ccumulator b b register c c register d d register e e register h h register indirect l l register indirect program counter pc p rogram c ounter push down address call stack as call level 1 as call level 2 as call level 3 as call level 4 as call level 5 as call level 6 as call level 7 flags c p z s flags 13 a the 8008 was implemented in 10 μm silicon gate enhancement mode pmos logic initial versions could work at clock frequencies up to 0 5 mhz this was later increased in the 8008 1 to a specified maximum of 0 8 mhz instructions take between 3 and 11 t states where each t state is 2 clock cycles 14 register register loads and alu operations take 5t 20 μs at 0 5 mhz register memory 8t 32 μs while calls and jumps when taken take 11 t states 44 μs 15 the 8008 is a little slower in terms of instructions per second 36 000 to 80 000 at 0 8 mhz than the 4 bit intel 4004 and intel 4040 16 but since the 8008 processes data 8 bits at a time and can access significantly more ram in most applications it has a significant speed advantage over these processors the 8008 has 3 500 transistors 17 the chip limited by its 18 pin dip has a single 8 bit bus working triple duty to transfer 8 data bits 14 address bits and two status bits the small package requires about 30 ttl support chips to interface to memory 18 for example the 14 bit address which can access 16 k 8 bits of memory needs to be latched by some of this logic into an external memory address register mar the 8008 can access 8 input ports and 24 output ports 14 related processor designs edit the subsequent 40 pin nmos intel 8080 expanded upon the 8008 registers and instruction set and implements a more efficient external bus interface using the 22 additional pins despite a close architectural relationship the 8080 was not made binary compatible with the 8008 so an 8008 program would not run on an 8080 however there were assemblers for the 8080 that supported the same syntax and instruction mnemonics as the 8008 assembler but that produced 8080 machine code so assembler language code for the 8008 could be assembled the 8080 machine code 19 the intel 8085 is an electrically modernized version of the 8080 that uses depletion mode transistors and also added two new instructions the intel 8086 the original x86 processor is a non strict extension of the 8080 so it loosely resembles the original datapoint 2200 design as well almost every datapoint 2200 and 8008 instruction has an equivalent not only in the instruction set of the 8080 8085 and z80 but also in the instruction set of modern x86 processors although the instruction encodings are different instruction set edit see also datapoint 2200 instruction set and intel 8080 instruction set instructions are one to three bytes long the instruction format is an opcode byte followed by up to two bytes of operands operands can be an address a constant a register or the memory pointed to by the hl register pair referenced as m the 8008 has the jmp jump instruction that replaces the program counter with a new memory address additionally the cal call and ret return instructions provide seven levels of subroutine invocations the rst restart instruction is a one byte shortcut to execute eight subroutines located in the first 64 instruction bytes the subroutines are located at fixed addresses of 00h 08h 10h 38h these are intended to be supplied to external hardware in order to invoke interrupt service routines or they can be employed as fast calls direct copying may be made between any two registers or a register and memory eight math logic functions are supported between the accumulator a and any register memory or immediate value results are always deposited to register a instructions operate on 8 bits only there are no 16 bit operations increments and decrements are supported for most registers but curiously not a register a supports four rotate instructions all instructions execute in 3 to 11 states each state requires two clocks opcode operands mnemonic states description 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 b2 b3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x hlt 4 halt 0 0 ddd 0 0 0 inr 5 ddd ddd 1 except a and m 0 0 ddd 0 0 1 dcr 5 ddd ddd 1 except a and m 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 rlc 5 a 1 7 a 0 6 a 0 cy a 7 0 0 cc 0 1 1 rcc ret conditional 3 5 if cc true p stack 0 0 alu 1 0 0 data adi aci sui sbi ndi xri ori cpi data 8 a a alu operation data 0 0 n 1 0 1 rst n 5 stack p p n x 8 0 0 ddd 1 1 0 data lri data load r with immediate data 8 9 ddd data 0 0 x x x 1 1 1 ret 5 p stack 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 rrc 5 a 0 6 a 1 7 a 7 cy a 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 ral 5 a 1 7 a 0 6 cy a 7 a 0 cy 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 rar 5 a 0 6 a 1 7 cy a 0 a 7 cy 0 1 cc 0 0 0 addlo addhi jcc add jmp conditional 9 11 if cc true p add 0 1 0 0 port 1 inp port 8 a port 0 7 0 1 port 1 out port 6 port 8 31 a 0 1 cc 0 1 0 addlo addhi ccc add cal conditional 9 11 if cc true stack p p add 0 1 x x x 1 0 0 addlo addhi jmp add 11 p add 0 1 x x x 1 1 0 addlo addhi cal add 11 stack p p add 1 0 alu sss adr acr sur sbr ndr xrr orr cpr 5 8 a a alu operation sss 1 1 ddd sss lds load d with s 5 7 8 ddd sss 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 hlt 4 halt 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 b2 b3 mnemonic states description sss ddd 2 1 0 cc alu a 0 0 0 fc c false adr adi a a arg b 0 0 1 fz z false acr aci a a arg cy c 0 1 0 fs s false sur sui a a arg d 0 1 1 fp p odd sbr sbi a a arg cy e 1 0 0 tc c true ndr ndi a a arg h 1 0 1 tz z true xrr xri a a arg l 1 1 0 ts s true orr ori a a arg m 1 1 1 tp p even cpr cpi a arg sss ddd 2 1 0 cc alu code example 1 edit the following 8008 assembly source code is for a subroutine named memcpy that copies a block of data bytes of a given size from one location to another intel s 8008 assembler supported only and operators this example borrows the 8080 s assembler and and shr shift right operators to select the low and high bytes of a 14 bit address for placement into the 8 bit registers a contemporaneous 8008 programmer was expected to calculate the numbers and type them in for the assembler 001700 000 001701 000 001702 000 001703 000 001704 000 001705 000 002000 066 304 002002 056 003 002004 327 002005 060 002006 317 002007 302 002010 261 002011 053 002012 302 002013 024 001 002015 320 002016 301 002017 034 000 002021 310 002022 066 300 002024 056 003 002026 302 002027 207 002030 340 002031 060 002032 301 002033 217 002034 350 002035 364 002036 337 002037 066 302 002041 056 003 002043 302 002044 207 002045 340 002046 060 002047 301 002050 217 002051 350 002052 364 002053 373 002054 104 007 004 002057 memcpy copy a block of memory from one location to another entry parameters src 14 bit address of source data block dst 14 bit address of target data block cnt 14 bit count of bytes to copy org 1700q data at 001700q src dfb 0 src low byte dfb 0 high byte dst dfb 0 dst low byte dfb 0 high byte cnt dfb 0 cnt low byte dfb 0 high byte org 2000q code at 002000q memcpy lli cnt and 255 hl addr cnt lhi cnt shr 8 and and shr not supported lcm bc cnt inl lbm loop lac if bc 0 orb rtz return deccnt lac bc bc 1 sui 1 lca lab sbi 0 lba getsrc lli src and 255 hl addr src lhi src shr 8 lac hl src bc adm e c hl lea lower sum inl point to upper src lab acm h b hl cy lha upper sum lle l e ldm load d from hl getdst lli dst and 255 hl addr dst lhi dst shr 8 lac hl dst bc adm add code same as above lea inl lab acm lha lle lmd store d to hl jmp loop repeat the loop end in the code above all values are given in octal locations src dst and cnt are 16 bit parameters for the subroutine named memcpy in actuality only 14 bits of the values are used since the cpu has only a 14 bit addressable memory space the values are stored in little endian format although this is an arbitrary choice since the cpu is incapable of reading or writing more than a single byte into memory at a time since there is no instruction to load a register directly from a given memory address the hl register pair must first be loaded with the address and the target register can then be loaded from the m operand which is an indirect load from the memory location in the hl register pair the bc register pair is loaded with the cnt parameter value and decremented at the end of the loop until it becomes zero note that most of the instructions used occupy a single 8 bit opcode code example 2 edit the following 8008 assembly source code is for a simplified subroutine named memcpy2 that copies a block of data bytes from one location to another by reducing the byte counter to 8 bits there is enough room to load all the subroutine parameters into the 8008 s register file 002000 307 002001 206 015 004 002004 370 002005 206 015 004 002010 021 002011 110 000 004 002014 007 002015 316 002016 364 002017 341 002020 315 002021 353 002022 331 002023 040 002024 013 002025 030 002026 007 002027 memcpy2 copy a block of memory from one location to another entry parameters in registers hl 14 bit address of source data block de 14 bit address of target data block c 8 bit count of bytes to copy 1 to 256 bytes org 2000q code at 002000q memcpy2 lam read source byte into a cal xchgi exchange hl de and increment de lma save a to target byte cal xchgi exchange hl de and increment de dcc decrement byte counter jfz memcpy2 continue for all bytes ret exchange de and hl register pairs then increment de as 16 bits xchgi lbl exchange l and e lle leb lbh exchange h and d lhd ldb ine inc e low byte of de rfz return if no carry ind otherwise inc high byte d ret end interrupts edit intel sim8 01 cpu board possibly the first use of the 8008 contains 1k bytes of ram in 32 chips and 2k bytes of eprom in eight chips no provision for interrupts interrupts on the 8008 are only partially implemented after the int line is asserted the 8008 acknowledges the interrupt by outputting a state code of s0 s1 s2 011 at t1i time at the subsequent instruction fetch cycle an instruction is jammed intel s word by external hardware on the bus typically this is a one byte rst instruction at this point there is a problem the 8008 has no provision to save its architectural state the 8008 can only write to memory via an address in the hl register pair when interrupted there is no mechanism to save hl so there is no way to save the other registers and flags via hl because of this some sort of external memory device such as a hardware stack or a pair of read write registers must be attached to the 8008 via the i o ports to help save the state of the 8008 20 designers edit ctc instruction set and architecture victor poor and harry pyle citation needed intel implementation in silicon ted hoff and stan mazor proposed a single chip implementation of the ctc architecture using ram register memory rather than shift register memory and also added a few instructions and interrupt facility the 8008 originally called 1201 chip design started before the 4004 development hoff and mazor however could not and did not develop a silicon design because they were neither chip designers nor process developers and furthermore the necessary bootstrap load silicon gate based design methodology and circuits under development by federico faggin for the 4004 were not yet available 21 federico faggin having finished the design of the 4004 became leader of the project from january 1971 until its successful completion in april 1972 after it had been suspended for lack of progress for about seven months citation needed hal feeney project engineer did the detailed logic design circuit design and physical layout under faggin s supervision employing the same design methodology that faggin had originally developed for the intel 4004 microprocessor and utilizing the basic circuits he had developed for the 4004 a combined hf logo was etched onto the chip about halfway between the d5 and d6 bonding pads citation needed second sources edit intel 8008 second sources veb mikroelektronik karl marx erfurt mme u808 gdr microsystems international mil mf8008 siemens sab8008 see also edit intel intellec 8 mark 8 and scelbi 8008 based computer kits mcm 70 and micral pioneering microcomputers pl m the first programming language targeting a microprocessor the intel 8008 developed by gary kildall notes edit cpzs flags are presented as a group in this order during state 4 of the pcc cycle of the inp instruction references edit the life cycle of a cpu www cpushack com thirty years in robotics robotics 2014 05 19 archived from the original on 2014 03 19 retrieved 2018 04 11 1 2 3 4 5 wood lamont 2008 04 08 forgotten pc history the true origins of the personal computer computerworld archived from the original on 2018 11 16 retrieved 2014 12 02 1 2 the intel 8008 intel retrieved 2024 12 15 shirriff ken the texas instruments tmx 1795 the almost first forgotten microprocessor ken shirriff s blog retrieved 2025 03 06 ken shirriff 2021 01 26 on the metal ken shirriff oxide computing podcast interview interviewed by bryan cantrill jessie frazelle steve tuck event occurs at 19 52 first the 4004 and the 8008 are entirely different chips marketing makes them sound like it s just a 4 bit and 8 bit version but they re totally different brunel university 1974 master of technology dissertation l r crawford hp 2640a terminals wiki retrieved 2025 08 22 xi appendices iii mcs 8 software package simulator mcs 8 microcomputer set 8008 8 bit parallel central processor unit users manual pdf revision 4 second printing santa clara california usa intel corporation 1974 november 1973 pp 84 94 mcs 056 0574 25k archived pdf from the original on 2023 11 25 retrieved 2023 11 25 kildall gary arlen 1974 06 27 high level language simplifies microcomputer programming pdf electronics mcgraw hill education pp 103 109 108 archived pdf from the original on 2021 11 14 retrieved 2021 11 14 8008 simulator interp 8 pdf microcomputer software santa clara california usa intel corporation march 1975 product code 98 118a mcs 514 0375 27 5k archived pdf from the original on 2023 11 25 retrieved 2023 11 25 1 2 mcs 8 micro computer set users manual pdf intel corporation 1972 pp 3 10 retrieved 2025 07 22 1 2 8008 8 bit parallel central processor unit pdf rev 4 second printing ed intel november 1973 pp 14 17 retrieved 2024 04 30 1 2 mcs 8 micro computer set users manual pdf intel corporation 1972 retrieved 2010 12 04 intel 8008 opcodes retriev...