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long exposure photography wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 technique 2 applications toggle applications subsection 2 1 star trail photography 2 2 night photography 2 3 light painting 2 4 water and long exposure 3 solarigraphy 4 see also 5 references 6 external links toggle the table of contents long exposure photography 14 languages azərbaycanca català deutsch español فارسی français עברית polski português svenska தமிழ் türkçe tiếng việt 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia photography using a long duration shutter speed a long exposure photograph of a street in carson california 1986 the trails along the street are from headlights and taillights while the circles in the sky are from a police helicopter the central square of rothenburg ob der tauber germany during blue hour notice how a long exposure blurs moving vehicles and pedestrians while buildings retain sharp focus in this 45 minute exposure taken on a dark clear night at paranal observatory the stars leave trails as they appear to revolve around the south celestial pole left due to earth s rotation long exposure photograph of a break in pool long exposure time exposure or slow shutter photography involves using a long duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring smearing or obscuring the moving elements long exposure photography captures one element that conventional photography does not an extended period of time the paths of bright moving objects become clearly visible clouds form broad bands vehicle lights draw bright streaks stars leave trails in the sky and water waves appear smooth only bright objects leave visible trails whereas dark objects usually disappear boats in long exposures disappear during the daytime but draw bright trails from their lights at night technique edit freight train passing through gore new zealand the bulb mode on a dslr camera was used for this photo note the flashing of the locomotive ditch lights while there is no fixed definition of what constitutes long the intent is to create a photo that somehow shows the effect of passing time be it smoother waters or light trails a 30 minute photo of a static object and surrounding cannot be distinguished from a short exposure hence the inclusion of motion is the main factor to add intrigue to long exposure photos images with exposure times of several minutes also tend to make moving people or dark objects disappear because they are in any one spot for only a fraction of the exposure time often adding a serene and otherworldly appearance to long exposure photos a 30 second exposure showing candlelight trails in a cathedral in romania when a scene includes both stationary and moving subjects for example a fixed street and moving cars or a camera within a car showing a fixed dashboard and moving scenery a slow shutter speed can cause interesting effects such as light trails long exposures are easiest to accomplish in low light conditions but can be done in brighter light using neutral density filters or specially designed cameras when using a dense neutral density filter a camera s auto focus will not be able to function it is best to compose and focus without the filter then once one is happy with the composition they can switch to manual focus and put the neutral density filter back on 1 applications edit star trail photography edit main article star trail a star trail photograph uses long exposure times to capture the apparent motion of stars in the night sky due to earth s rotation a star trail photograph shows individual stars as streaks across the image with longer exposures yielding longer arcs star trails over the eso 3 6 m telescope 2 a star trail photograph showing the apparent motion of stars around the north celestial pole polaris is the bright star near the pole just above the jet trail startrail in fayyoum egypt the constellation of cassiopeia over a thunderstorm 3 night photography edit 30 second long exposure shot of nocturnal insects flying in front of a spotlight long exposure photography is often used in a night time setting where the lack of light forces longer exposures if maximum quality is to be retained increasing iso sensitivity allows for shorter exposures but substantially decreases image quality through reduced dynamic range and higher noise by leaving the camera s shutter open for an extended period of time more light is absorbed creating an exposure that captures the entire dynamic range of the digital camera sensor or film if the camera is stationary for the entire period of time that the shutter is open a very vibrant and clear photograph can be produced 4 light painting edit further information light painting example of light painting using long exposure shot in this technique a scene is kept very dark and the photographer or an assistant takes a light source it can be small penlight and moves it about in patterns the light source can be turned off between strokes often stationary objects in the scene are illuminated by briefly turning on studio lights by one or more flashes from a strobe light or by increasing the aperture 5 water and long exposure edit a 30 second long exposure sharply captured the still elements of this image while blurring the waterfall into a mist like appearance debris in the swirling water in the pool forms complete circles long exposures can blur moving water so it has mist like qualities while keeping stationary objects like land and structures sharp 6 varying the shutter speed can produce different effects preserving some of the water s turbulence or smoothing it out entirely 7 solarigraphy edit main article solarigraphy a one year exposure showing sun trails for the entire year of 2014 taken in budapest hungary solarigraphy or solargraphy is a technique in which a fixed pinhole camera is used to expose photographic paper for a length of time that is typically 6 months but can be as short as a few hours and last well over a year depending on the length of the exposure the resulting image shows the path of the sun across the sky 8 both from dawn until dusk but also from north to south or vice versa between the solstices each light streak in a solargraphic image represents one day where light streaks are broken or missing indicates obstruction of the sun which is caused by cloud cover frequently cameras are made from upcycled aluminum or tin cans which can be made light tight and are generally weatherproof for the time needed to make the exposure apertures usually range in fractions of a millimeter an example is a single six month exposure taken by photographer justin quinnell showing sun trails over clifton suspension bridge between 19 december 2007 and 21 june 2008 part of the slow light 6 months over bristol exhibition quinnell describes the piece as capturing a period of time beyond what we can perceive with our own vision 8 this method of solargraphy uses a simple pinhole camera securely fixed in a position which won t be disturbed 8 quinnell s camera was made with an empty drink can and a sheet of photographic paper 9 see also edit bulb photography references edit elliot hook 25 september 2012 8 tips for long exposure photography digital photography school retrieved 4 february 2021 venus transit seen reflected from the moon eso announcement retrieved 14 december 2012 the constellation of cassiopeia over a thunderstorm www eso org european southern observatory retrieved 21 march 2015 school of photography archived from the original on 1 september 2010 retrieved 23 may 2010 greenspun philip january 2007 studio photography archived 29 september 2007 at the wayback machine photo net digital photography review photopigs 1 2 3 lucy dodwell 4 october 2008 watching the sun go by new scientist 200 2676 reed business information stunning photographs of landmark captured over six month period the daily telegraph london 21 november 2008 p 1 retrieved 9 september 2010 external links edit look up time exposure in wiktionary the free dictionary wikimedia commons has media related to long exposure photography media related to long exposure photography at wikimedia commons how to take long exposure landscape photos article about series of solargraphs in the eso messenger nasa astronomy picture of the day solargraph taken from bayfordbury uk 21 january 2012 time in a can international project of solargraphy v t e photography equipment camera box camera light field digital field instant phone pinhole press rangefinder slr still tlr toy view darkroom enlarger safelight film base format holder stock available films discontinued films filter flash beauty dish cucoloris gobo hot shoe lens hood monolight reflector snoot softbox lens long focus prime zoom wide angle fisheye swivel telephoto manufacturers monopod movie projector slide projector tripod head zone plate terminology 35 mm equivalent focal length abbreviations list angle of view aperture backscatter black and white chromatic aberration circle of confusion clipping color balance color temperature depth of field depth of focus exposure exposure compensation exposure value f number film format 35mm large medium film speed focal length guide number hyperfocal distance lens flare metering mode perspective distortion telephoto compression photograph photographic printing albumen photographic processes reciprocity red eye effect science of photography shutter speed sync zebra patterning zone system genres abstract aerial aircraft architectural astrophotography banquet candid conceptual conservation cloudscape documentary eclipse ethnographic erotic fashion fine art fire fireworks forensic glamour high speed landscape monochrome nature neues sehen nude photojournalism pictorialism pornography portrait post mortem ruins selfie space selfie social documentary sports still life stock straight photography street underwater vernacular wedding wildlife techniques afocal blur bokeh bracketing brenizer burst mode combination printing contre jour crittercam pigeon photography ettr fill flash focus stacking hand colouring harris shutter high speed holography infrared intentional camera movement kirlian kite aerial lo fi photography lomography long exposure luminogram macro manipulation mordançage multiple exposure multi exposure hdr capture night panning panoramic photogram photomontage pre release capture print toning redscale rephotography rollout scanography schlieren photography sabattier effect slow motion stereoscopy stopping down strip slit scan sprocket hole sun printing tilt shift miniature faking time lapse ultraviolet vignetting xerography zoom burst composition diagonal method framing headroom lead room rule of thirds simplicity golden triangle composition history timeline of photography technology albumen print ambrotype analog film photography autochrome lumière calotype camera obscura daguerreotype dufaycolor heliography lippmann plate painted photography backdrops photography and the law photographic plate salt print tintype visual arts regional albania australia bangladesh canada china colombia denmark greece india japan korea luxembourg new zealand norway philippines serbia slovenia sudan taiwan turkey ukraine united states uzbekistan vietnam digital photography digital camera dslr milc camera back digiscoping comparison of digital and film photography film scanner image sensor cmos aps ccd three ccd camera foveon x3 sensor photo response non uniformity image sharing pixel color photography print film chromogenic print reversal film color management color space primary color cmyk color model rgb color model photographic processing anthotype bleach bypass c 41 process carbon print collodion process cross processing cyanotype developer digital image processing dye coupler e 6 process fixer gelatin silver print gum printing instant film k 14 process photogravure print permanence push processing salt print stop bath lists largest photographs most expensive photographs museums devoted to one photographer photographs considered the most important photographers norwegian polish street women photography periodicals related conservation and restoration of photographs film photographic plates polaroid art stereoscopy say cheese retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title long exposure_photography oldid 1370176915 categories photography by genre photographic techniques hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata use dmy dates from january 2020 webarchive template wayback links commons category link is on wikidata this page was last edited on 19 august 2026 at 15 15 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents long exposure photography 14 languages add topic