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tural history 181 the naval museum 182 the convent of las descalzas reales with many works of renaissance and baroque art and brussels tapestries inspired by paintings of rubens 183 the museum of lázaro galdiano housing a collection specialising in decorative arts featuring a collection of weapons that features the sword of pope innocent viii 184 and the national museum of decorative arts 185 institutions include the national museum of romanticism focused on 19th century romanticism 186 the museum cerralbo 187 the national museum of anthropology featuring as highlight a guanche mummy from tenerife 188 the sorolla museum focused in the namesake valencian impressionist painter 189 also including sculptures by auguste rodin part of sorolla s personal effects 190 or the history museum of madrid housing pieces related to the local history of madrid the wax museum of madrid and the railway museum located in the building that was once the delicias station major cultural centres in the city include the fine arts circle one of madrid s oldest arts centres and one of the most important private cultural centres in europe hosting exhibitions shows film screenings conferences and workshops the conde duque cultural centre or the matadero madrid a cultural complex formerly an abattoir located by the river manzanares the matadero created in 2006 with the aim of promoting research production learning and diffusion of creative works and contemporary thought in all their manifestations is considered the third most valued cultural institution in madrid among art professionals 191 language edit the usual language in madrid is peninsular spanish it is in the transition between northern and southern dialects typical features are yeísmo calló and cayó sound alike among all social classes 192 according to alonso zamora vicente es yeísmo has extended from madrid across spain 192 aspiration of coda s 193 frequent elision of final d maˈðɾi and devoicing θ maˈðɾiθ ⓘ coexist with the standard preservation maˈðɾið ⓘ realised with varying degrees of relaxation 8 leísmo laísmo and loísmo according to samuel gili gaya es in madrid speech pronoun le is specialised in the masculine and pronoun la in the feminine for direct and indirect objects 194 the arrival to madrid of a substantial number of immigrants from latin america such as ecuadorians has induced processes of dialectal convergence and divergence in the city 195 in the 1970s and 1980s madrid youth created their own slang cheli 196 literature edit madrid has been one of the great centres of spanish literature some of the most distinguished writers of the spanish golden century were born in madrid including lope de vega author of fuenteovejuna and the dog in the manger who reformed the spanish theatre a project continued by calderon de la barca author of life is a dream francisco de quevedo who criticised the spanish society of his day and author of el buscón and tirso de molina who created the character don juan were born in madrid cervantes and góngora also lived in the city although they were not born there the madrid homes of lope de vega quevedo gongora and cervantes still exist and they are all in the barrio de las letras literary neighbourhood other writers born in madrid in later centuries include leandro fernandez de moratín mariano josé de larra jose de echegaray nobel prize in literature ramón gómez de la serna dámaso alonso enrique jardiel poncela and pedro salinas the barrio de las letras owes its name to the intense literary activity taking place there during the 16th and 17th centuries some of the most prominent writers of the spanish golden age lived here such as lope de vega quevedo and góngora and it contained the cruz and príncipe theatres two of the most important in spain at 87 calle de atocha on the northern end of the neighbourhood was the printing house of juan de la cuesta where the first edition of don quixote was typeset and printed in 1604 most of the literary routes are articulated further explanation needed along the barrio de las letras where you can find scenes from novels of the siglo de oro and more recent works like bohemian lights further explanation needed although born in las palmas de gran canaria realist writer benito pérez galdós made madrid the setting for many of his stories there is a giidebook to the madrid of galdós madrid galdosiano 197 interior of the national library of spain madrid is home to the royal spanish academy the royal academy of the spanish language which governs with statutory authority over spanish 198 preparing publishing and updating authoritative reference works on it the academy s motto lema in spanish states its purpose it cleans the language stabilises it and gives it brilliance limpia fija y da resplendor madrid is home to another international cultural institution the instituto cervantes whose task is the promotion and teaching of the spanish language as well as the dissemination of the culture of spain and hispanic america the national library of spain is the largest major public library in spain the library s collection has more than 26 000 000 items including 15 000 000 books and other printed materials 30 000 manuscripts 143 000 newspapers and serials 4 500 000 graphic materials 510 000 music scores 500 000 maps 600 000 sound recording 90 000 audiovisuals 90 000 electronic documents and more than 500 000 microforms 199 cuisine edit three squid sandwiches patatas bravas a very common bar snack served as tapa the madrilenian cuisine has received plenty of influences from other regions of spain and its own identity actually relies in its ability to assimilate elements from the immigration 200 the cocido madrileño a chickpea based stew is one of the most emblematic dishes of the madrilenian cuisine 201 the callos a la madrileña es is another traditional winter specialty usually made of cattle tripes 202 other offal dishes typical in the city include the gallinejas es 202 or grilled pig s ear 203 fried squid has become a culinary specialty in madrid often consumed in sandwich as bocata de calamares 202 other generic dishes commonly accepted as part of the madrilenian cuisine include the potaje the sopa de ajo garlic soup the spanish omelette the besugo a la madrileña es bream caracoles a la madrileña es snails sp cornu aspersum or the soldaditos de pavía the patatas bravas consumed as snack in bars or the gallina en pepitoria es hen or chicken cooked with the yolk of hard boiled eggs and almonds to name a few 204 205 200 traditional desserts include torrijas a variant of french toast consumed during easter 202 206 and bartolillos es 205 see also cuisine of the community of madrid nightlife edit nightlife in the centro district madrid is an international hub of highly active diverse nightlife with bars dance bars and nightclubs staying open past midnight 207 madrid is known to have a vibrant nightlife 208 some of the more popular locations include the surroundings of the plaza de santa ana malasaña and la latina particularly near the cava baja es 208 it is one of the city s main attractions with tapas bars cocktail bars clubs jazz lounges live music venues and flamenco theatres most nightclubs liven up by 1 30 a m and stay open until at least 6 a m 208 nightlife flourished in the 1980s while madrid s mayor enrique tierno galván psoe was in office nurturing the cultural musical movement known as la movida 209 nowadays the malasaña area is known for its alternative scene the area of chueca has also become a hot spot in the madrilenian nightlife especially for the gay population chueca is known as gay quarter comparable to the castro district in san francisco 210 see also la movida madrileña bohemian culture edit nights in malasaña are often crowded the city has venues for performing alternative art and expressive art they are mostly located in the centre of the city including in ópera antón martín chueca and malasaña there are also several festivals in madrid including the festival of alternative art and the festival of the alternative scene 211 212 213 214 the neighbourhood of malasaña as well as antón martín and lavapiés hosts several bohemian cafés galleries these cafés are typified with period or retro furniture or furniture found on the street a colourful nontraditional atmosphere inside and usually art displayed each month by a new artist often for sale cafés include the retro café lolina and bohemian cafés la ida la paca and café de la luz in malasaña la piola in huertas and café olmo and aguardiente in lavapiés in the neighbourhood of lavapiés there are also hidden houses which are illegal bars or abandoned spaces where concerts poetry readings and 215 216 217 the famous spanish botellón a street party or gathering that is now illegal but rarely stopped classical music and opera edit the teatro real the auditorio nacional de música 218 is the main venue for classical music concerts in madrid it is home to the spanish national orchestra the chamartín symphony orchestra 219 and the venue for the symphonic concerts of the community of madrid orchestra and the madrid symphony orchestra it is also the principal venue for orchestras on tour playing in madrid the teatro real is the main opera house in madrid located just in front of the royal palace and its resident orchestra is the madrid symphony orchestra 220 the theatre stages around seventeen opera titles both own productions and co productions with other major european opera houses per year as well as two or three major ballets and several recitals the teatro de la zarzuela is mainly devoted to zarzuela the spanish traditional musical theatre genre as well as operetta and recitals 221 222 the resident orchestra of the theatre is the community of madrid orchestra the teatro monumental is the concert venue of the rtve symphony orchestra 223 other concert venues for classical music are the fundación joan march and the auditorio 400 devoted to contemporary music feasts and festivals edit san isidro edit festivities of san isidro labrador in the pradera 2007 the local feast fiesta patronal observed with a day off if falling on a work day is the feast of saint isidore the laborer fiestas de san isidro labrador the patron saint of madrid celebrated every 15 may it is a public holiday according to tradition isidro was a farmworker and well manufacturer born in madrid in the late 11th century who lived a pious life and whose corpse was reportedly found to be incorrupt in 1212 already very popular among the madrilenian people as madrid became the capital of the hispanic monarchy in 1561 the town council pulled efforts to promote his canonisation the process started in 1562 224 isidro was beatified in 1619 and the feast day set on 15 may 225 he was finally canonised in 1622 226 on 15 may the madrilenian people gather around the hermitage of san isidro es and the prairie of san isidro es on the right bank of the manzanares often dressed with checkered caps parpusas es and kerchiefs safos 227 characteristic of the chulapos and chulapas dancing chotis and pasodobles eating rosquillas and barquillos 228 lgbt pride edit main article madrid pride high heels race in worldpride madrid 2017 the madrilenian lgbt pride has become a popular event in the community both in the city and worldwide 229 madrid s pride parade began in 1977 in the chueca neighbourhood which also marked the beginning of the gay lesbian transgender and bisexual rights movement after being repressed for forty years in a dictatorship 230 this claiming of lgbt rights has allowed the pride parade in madrid to grow year after year becoming one of the best in the world in 2007 this was recognised by the european pride organisers association epoa when madrid hosted europride it was hailed by the then president of the epoa as the best europride in history 231 in 2017 madrid celebrated the 40th anniversary of their first pride parade by hosting the worldpride madrid 2017 numerous conferences seminars and workshops as well as cultural and sports activities took place at the festival the event being a kids and family pride and a source of education more than one million people attended the pride s central march 232 the main purpose of the celebration was presenting madrid and the spanish society in general as a multicultural diverse and tolerant community 230 the 2018 madrid pride roughly had 1 5 million participants 148 p 34 since spain legalised same sex marriage in july 2005 233 madrid has become one of the largest hot spots for lgbt culture with about 500 businesses aimed toward the lgbt community madrid has become a gateway of diversity 231 other edit people in costumes during the proclamation pregón of the 2013 carnival despite often being labelled as having no tradition by foreigners 234 the carnival was popular in madrid already in the 16th century however during the francoist dictatorship the carnival was under government ban and the feasts suffered a big blow 234 235 it has been slowly recovering since then other signalled days include the regional day 2 may commemorating the dos de mayo uprising a public holiday the feasts of san antonio de la florida 13 june the feast of the virgen de la paloma circa 15 august or the day of the co patron of madrid the virgin of almudena 9 november although the latter s celebrations are rather religious in nature 236 the most important musical event in the city is the mad cool festival created in 2016 it reached an attendance of 240 000 during the three day long schedule of the 2018 edition 148 p 33 bullfighting edit view of las ventas bullring in madrid from calle de alcalá madrid hosts the largest plaza de toros bullring in spain las ventas established in 1929 las ventas is considered by many to be the world centre of bullfighting and has a seating capacity of almost 25 000 madrid s bullfighting season begins in march and ends in october bullfights are held every day during the festivities of san isidro madrid s patron saint from mid may to early june and every sunday and public holiday the rest of the season the style of the plaza is neo mudéjar las ventas also hosts music concerts and other events outside of the bullfighting season there is great controversy in madrid with bullfighting failed verification 237 sport edit main article sport in madrid football edit main article football in madrid the madrid derby at the santiago bernabéu stadium january 2015 real madrid founded in 1902 compete in la liga and play their home games at the santiago bernabéu stadium the club is one of the most widely supported teams in the world and their supporters are referred to as madridistas or merengues meringues real s supporters in madrid are often believed to be constituted principally of members of the middle classes however this claim is in dispute and has not been proved it has also been suggested that a large proportion of real madrid s fans are members of the working class 238 the club was...
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