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Text of the page (random words):
development subsection 5 1 in use and under active development 5 1 1 gsm family 5 1 2 ieee 802 16 wimax 5 2 in use but moving to other protocols 5 2 1 cdma family 5 2 2 ieee 802 20 6 edholm s law 7 see also 8 references 9 external links toggle the table of contents mobile broadband 12 languages català dansk español فارسی français hausa 日本語 한국어 മലയാളം தமிழ் українська 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia marketing term for broader coverage of this topic see wireless broadband a mobile broadband modem in the expresscard form factor for laptop computers htc thunderbolt the second commercially available lte smartphone mobile broadband mobile broadband also referred in mobile device terminology as a mobile data is the term for wireless internet access via mobile cell networks access to the network can be made through a portable modem wireless modem or a tablet smartphone possibly tethered or other mobile device the first wireless internet access became available in 1991 as part of the second generation 2g of mobile phone technology higher speeds became available in 2001 and 2006 as part of the third 3g and fourth 4g generations in 2011 90 of the world s population lived in areas with 2g coverage while 45 lived in areas with 2g and 3g coverage 1 mobile broadband uses the spectrum of 225 mhz to 3700 mhz 2 description edit mobile broadband is the marketing term for wireless internet access delivered through cellular towers to computers and other digital devices using portable modems although broadband has a technical meaning wireless carrier marketing uses the phrase mobile broadband as a synonym for mobile internet access some mobile services allow more than one device to be connected to the internet using a single cellular connection using a process called tethering 3 the bit rates available with mobile broadband devices support voice and video as well as other data access devices that provide mobile broadband to mobile computers include pc cards also known as pc data cards and express cards mini pci and mini pci express cards that are integrated into the laptop usb and mobile broadband modems also known as connect cards portable devices with built in support for mobile broadband such as laptops smartphones tablets pdas and other mobile internet devices internet access subscriptions are usually sold separately from mobile service subscriptions generations edit roughly every ten years new mobile network technology and infrastructure involving a change in the fundamental nature of the service non backwards compatible transmission technology higher peak data rates new frequency bands and or wider channel frequency bandwidth in hertz becomes available these transitions are referred to as generations the first mobile data services became available during the second generation 2g 4 5 6 second generation 2g from 1991 speeds in kbit s down and up gsm csd 9 6 cdpd up to 19 2 gsm gprs 2 5g 56 115 gsm edge 2 75g up to 237 third generation 3g from 2001 speeds in mbit s down up umts w cdma 0 4 umts hspa 14 4 5 8 umts tdd 16 cdma2000 1xrtt 0 3 0 15 cdma2000 ev do 2 5 4 9 0 15 1 8 gsm edge evolution 1 6 0 5 fourth generation 4g from 2006 speeds in mbit s down up hspa 21 672 5 8 168 mobile wimax 802 16 37 365 17 376 lte 100 300 50 75 lte advanced while moving at high speeds 100 while stationary or moving at low speeds up to 1000 mbwa 802 20 80 fifth generation 5g from 2018 speeds in mbit s down up hspa 400 25000 200 3000 mobile wimax 802 16 300 700 186 400 5g 400 3000 500 1500 7 the download to the user and upload to the internet data rates given above are peak or maximum rates and end users will typically experience lower data rates wimax was originally developed to deliver fixed wireless service with wireless mobility added in 2005 cdpd cdma2000 ev do and mbwa are no longer being actively developed coverage edit mobile broadband internet subscriptions in 2012 as a percentage of a country s population source international telecommunication union 8 this article needs to be updated the reason given is statistics are almost 15 years old please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information october 2025 in 2011 90 of the world s population lived in areas with 2g coverage while 45 lived in areas with 2g and 3g coverage 1 and 5 lived in areas with 4g coverage by 2017 more than 90 of the world s population is expected to have 2g coverage 85 is expected to have 3g coverage and 50 will have 4g coverage 9 a barrier to mobile broadband use is the coverage provided by the mobile service networks this may mean no mobile network or that service is limited to older and slower mobile broadband technologies customers will not always be able to achieve the speeds advertised due to mobile data coverage limitations including distance to the cell tower in addition there are issues with connectivity network capacity application quality and mobile network operators overall inexperience with data traffic 10 peak speeds experienced by users are also often limited by the capabilities of their mobile phone or other mobile device 9 subscriptions and usage edit worldwide broadband subscriptions 11 users 2007 2010 2016 2019 12 world population 13 6 6 billion 6 9 billion 7 3 billion 7 75 billion fixed broadband 5 8 11 9 14 5 developing world 2 4 8 2 11 2 developed world 18 24 30 1 33 6 mobile broadband 4 11 49 4 83 developing world 1 4 40 9 75 2 developed world 19 43 90 3 121 7 broadband subscriptions by region 14 subscription place 2007 2010 2014 2019 15 fixed africa 0 1 0 2 0 4 0 4 americas 11 14 17 22 arab states 1 2 3 8 1 asia and pacific 3 6 8 14 4 commonwealth of independent states 2 8 14 19 8 europe 18 24 28 31 9 mobile africa 0 2 2 19 34 americas 6 23 59 104 4 arab states 0 8 5 25 67 3 asia and pacific 3 7 23 89 commonwealth of independent states 0 2 22 49 85 4 europe 15 29 64 97 4 at the end of 2012 there were estimated to be 6 6 billion mobile network subscriptions worldwide 89 penetration representing roughly 4 4 billion subscribers many people have more than one subscription growth has been around 9 year on year 16 mobile phone subscriptions were expected to reach 9 3 billion in 2018 9 at the end of 2012 there were roughly 1 5 billion mobile broadband subscriptions growing at a 50 year on year rate 16 mobile broadband subscriptions were expected to reach 6 5 billion in 2018 9 mobile data traffic doubled between the end of 2011 620 petabytes in q4 2011 and the end of 2012 1280 petabytes in q4 2012 16 this traffic growth is and will continue to be driven by large increases in the number of mobile subscriptions and by increases in the average data traffic per subscription due to increases in the number of smartphones being sold the use of more demanding applications and in particular video and the availability and deployment of newer 3g and 4g technologies capable of higher data rates total mobile broadband traffic was expected to increase by a factor of 12 to roughly 13 000 petabytes by 2018 9 on average a mobile laptop generates approximately seven times more traffic than a smartphone 3 gb vs 450 mb month this ratio was forecast to fall to 5 times 10 gb vs 2 gb month by 2018 traffic from mobile devices that tether share the data access of one device with multiple devices can be up to 20 times higher than that from non tethering users and averages between 7 and 14 times higher 9 it has also been shown that there are large differences in subscriber and traffic patterns between different provider networks regional markets device and user types 9 demand from emerging markets has fuelled growth in both mobile device and mobile broadband subscriptions and use lacking widespread fixed line infrastructure many emerging markets use mobile broadband technologies to deliver affordable high speed internet access to the mass market 17 one common use case of mobile broadband is among the construction industry 18 development edit service mark for gsma mobile broadband in use and under active development edit gsm family edit further information list of lte networks and list of hspa networks in 1995 telecommunication mobile phone integrated circuit and laptop computer manufacturers formed the gsm association to push for built in support for mobile broadband technology on notebook computers the association established a service mark to identify devices that include internet connectivity 19 established in early 1998 the global third generation partnership project 3gpp develops the evolving gsm family of standards which includes gsm edge wcdma umts hspa lte and 5g nr 20 in 2011 these standards were the most used method to deliver mobile broadband citation needed with the development of the 4g lte signalling standard download speeds could be increased to 300 mbit s per second within the next several years 21 ieee 802 16 wimax edit further information list of deployed wimax networks the ieee working group ieee 802 16 produces standards adopted in products using the wimax trademark the original fixed wimax standard was released in 2001 and mobile wimax was added in 2005 22 the wimax forum is a non profit organization formed to promote the adoption of wimax compatible products and services 23 in use but moving to other protocols edit cdma family edit further information list of cdma2000 networks established in late 1998 the global third generation partnership project 2 3gpp2 develops the evolving cdma family of standards which includes cdmaone cdma2000 and cdma2000 ev do cdma2000 ev do is no longer being developed 24 ieee 802 20 edit in 2002 the institute of electrical and electronics engineers ieee established a mobile broadband wireless access mbwa working group 25 they developed the ieee 802 20 standard in 2008 with amendments in 2010 26 edholm s law edit main article edholm s law edholm s law in 2004 noted that the bandwidths of wireless cellular networks have been increasing at a faster pace compared to wired telecommunications networks 27 this is due to advances in mosfet wireless technology enabling the development and growth of digital wireless networks 28 the wide adoption of rf cmos radio frequency cmos power mosfet and ldmos lateral diffused mos devices led to the development and proliferation of digital wireless networks in the 1990s with further advances in mosfet technology leading to rapidly increasing network bandwidth since the 2000s 29 30 31 see also edit 3g and 4g broadband internet access digital britain mifi mobile enterprise mobile phone mobile voip sdio card an extension of the sd specification to include i o functions tethering 3rd generation partnership project 3gpp evolving gsm family of specifications 3rd generation partnership project 2 3gpp2 evolving cdma family of specifications references edit 1 2 the world in 2011 itc facts and figures international telecommunication union itu geneva 2011 spectrum dashboard archived 2019 12 22 at the wayback machine federal communications commission official website mustafa ergen 2009 mobile broadband including wimax and lte springer science business media doi 10 1007 978 0 387 68192 4 isbn 978 0 387 68189 4 overview on mobile broadband technologies ebu european broadcasting union workshop on mobile broadband technologies qualcomm 12 may 2011 evolution of mobile wireless communication networks 1g to 4g kumar liu sengupta and divya vol 1 issue 1 december 2010 international journal on electronics communication technology iject pp 68 72 issn 2230 7109 about 3gpp the generations of 3gpp systems 3rd generation partnership project 3gpp retrieved 27 february 2013 qualcomm s simulated 5g tests shows how fast real world speeds could actually be 2018 02 25 active mobile broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012 dynamic report itu itc eye international telecommunication union retrieved on 29 june 2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ericsson mobility report archived 2012 12 02 at the wayback machine ericsson november 2012 mobile broadband best broadband reports december 2013 measuring digital development facts and figures 2019 telecommunication development bureau international telecommunication union itu retrieved 2020 02 28 estimate total midyear population for the world 1950 2050 international programs center for demographic and economic studies u s census bureau archived from the original on 2017 04 17 retrieved 2020 02 28 measuring digital development facts and figures 2019 telecommunication development bureau international telecommunication union itu retrieved 2020 02 28 estimate 1 2 3 ericsson mobility report interim update ericsson february 2013 wakchoi 2021 12 05 mobile data a great equaliser the cyber bedouin the cyber bedouin retrieved 2022 01 11 4g wifi for construction sites bytes digital service mark the global technology identifer gsm association archived from the original on july 20 2011 retrieved july 17 2011 about 3gpp 3gpp website retrieved 27 february 2013 what is the future of mobile broadband vergelijk mobiel internet retrieved 17 september 2012 cite web cs1 maint url status link ieee approves ieee 802 16m advanced mobile broadband wireless standard ieee standards association march 31 2011 retrieved june 16 2011 cite news cs1 maint deprecated archival service link wimax forum overview archived from the original on 28 july 2008 retrieved 1 august 2008 about 3gpp2 archived 2020 02 18 at the wayback machine 3gpp2 website retrieved 27 february 2013 ieee 802 20 mobile broadband wireless access mbwa working group web site retrieved july 16 2011 ieee 802 20 mobile broadband wireless access mbwa official standard ieee standards association archived from the original on 2017 09 06 retrieved july 16 2011 cherry steven 2004 edholm s law of bandwidth ieee spectrum 41 7 58 60 doi 10 1109 mspec 2004 1309810 s2cid 27580722 jindal renuka p 2009 from millibits to terabits per second and beyond over 60 years of innovation 2009 2nd international workshop on electron devices and semiconductor technology pp 1 6 doi 10 1109 edst 2009 5166093 isbn 978 1 4244 3831 0 s2cid 25112828 baliga b jayant 2005 silicon rf power mosfets world scientific isbn 9789812561213 asif saad 2018 5g mobile communications concepts and technologies crc press pp 128 134 isbn 9780429881343 o neill a 2008 asad abidi recognized for work in rf cmos ieee solid state circuits society newsletter 13 1 57 58 doi 10 1109 n ssc 2008 4785694 issn 1098 4232 external links edit wikimedia commons has media related to wireless modems gsm association official website for the worldwide trade group representing gsm operators 3gpp official website 3gpp2 official website archiv...