Meta tags:

Headings (most frequently used words):

nukunu, language, contents, names, classification, phonology, notes, references, vowels, consonants, history,

Text of the page (most frequently used words):
nukunu (18), #language (16), the (16), languages (12), edit (12), pama (10), nyungan (10), and (9), australia (9), wikipedia (8), other (8), this (7), with (7), aboriginal (7), australian (6), south (6), page (5), from (5), thura (5), yura (5), wik (5), history (5), vowels (5), ipa (5), contents (4), search (4), articles (4), article (4), for (4), names (4), hide (4), move (4), sidebar (4), toggle (3), view (3), you (3), short (3), related (3), help (3), lower (3), western (3), mayi (3), contrast (3), has (3), phonology (3), see (3), symbols (3), tools (3), main (3), table (2), contact (2), about (2), privacy (2), policy (2), text (2), under (2), terms (2), may (2), use (2), was (2), categories (2), stub (2), nugunu (2), 2019 (2), description (2), different (2), wikidata (2), indigenous (2), information (2), national (2), extinct (2), gunwinyguan (2), mangarrayi (2), macro (2), wangkumara (2), garlali (2), river (2), pitta (2), arrernte (2), warumungu (2), ngumpin (2), mantharta (2), kanyara (2), ngadjuri (2), narungga (2), kaurna (2), yitha (2), wurrung (2), wadi (2), nari (2), madhi (2), ledji (2), wemba (2), dja (2), yorta (2), yabula (2), southern (2), yugambeh (2), thawa (2), gureng (2), gabi (2), biri (2), proper (2), kok (2), thaypan (2), kuuk (2), ngith (2), hercus (2), references (2), cluster (2), miru (2), are (2), 2017 (2), pdf (2), notes (2), not (2), initial (2), lenition (2), before (2), been (2), retroflex (2), stop (2), there (2), three (2), consonants (2), classification (2), many (2), revival (2), appearance (2), upload (2), file (2), changes (2), links (2), read (2), log (2), create (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), add, topic, mobile, cookie, statement, statistics, developers, code, conduct, legal, safety, contacts, disclaimers, available, additional, apply, using, site, agree, registered, trademark, non, profit, organization, wikimedia, foundation, inc, creative, commons, attribution, sharealike, license, rendered, parsoid, last, edited, january, 2026, utc, hidden, all, containing, unreferenced, extinction, date, dmy, dates, july, stubs, retrieved, https, org, index, php, title, nukunu_language, oldid, 1330658341, can, adding, missing, israel, authority, control, databases, indicate, italics, waanyi, gunindiri, garrwa, garrwan, yangkaal, gangalidda, yukulta, minkin, lardil, kayardild, tangkic, wagiman, wardaman, kungarakany, gaagudju, waray, uwinymil, rembarrnga, nunggubuyu, ngandi, ngalakgan, kunwinjku, jawoyn, gunbarlang, dalabon, anindilyakwa, yugul, warndarrang, marra, alawa, marran, nakkara, gurr, goni, ndjébbana, burarra, maningrida, yarli, barranbinja, muruwari, old, bulloo, baagandji, yandruwandha, new, bundhamara, wilson, wangka, yutjurru, wanggamala, ngura, yarluyandi, ngamini, mithaka, pirlatapa, diyari, arabana, karnic, pertame, kaytetye, arandic, desert, wanman, ngardi, wati, central, nhaŋu, ritharrŋu, djinaŋ, djinba, djaŋu, dhuwal, dhaŋu, yolŋu, ngawun, kutuna, kulan, yalarnnga, kalkatungu, kalkatungic, yanyuwa, warluwarra, yindjilandji, bularnu, wagaya, warluwaric, mudburra, bilinarra, gurindji, djaru, walmajarri, warlpiri, warlmanpa, ngarrga, yapa, northern, nyangumarta, mangala, karajarri, marrngu, yinhawangka, yindjibarndi, panyjima, nyiyaparli, nyamal, nhuwala, ngarluma, kariyarra, ngarla, martuthunira, kurrama, jurruru, ngayarta, jiwarli, thiin, warriyangka, tharrgari, pinikura, thalanyji, bayungu, burduna, yinggarda, wajarri, nhanhagardi, nhanda, thaagurda, malgana, badimaya, kartu, nyungar, natingero, kalaamaya, galaagu, nyungic, ngadjunmaya, mirning, mirniny, wirangu, nauo, kuyani, barngarla, adnyamathanha, yuyu, yaralde, ngayawung, keramin, murray, kuurn, kopan, noot, dhauwurd, bungandidj, drual, bindjali, bunurong, woiwurrung, taungurung, wergaia, barababaraba, victoria, wathaurong, kulin, kolakngat, kulinic, yotayotic, bindal, burdekin, guyambal, bigambul, yidiny, kalaw, lagaw, anewan, bundjalung, githabul, waalubal, bandjalang, pallanganmiddang, bidhawal, gunaikurnai, dhudhuroa, gippsland, gathang, awabakal, worimi, marbal, yugambal, dyirringany, dhurga, dharawal, tharawal, ngunnawal, gundungurra, ngarigo, dhanggati, dharug, darkinjung, yuin, kuric, wiradjuri, ngiyambaa, gamilaraay, wiradhuric, yaygir, kumbainggar, gumbaynggiric, turrbal, nunukul, janday, pimpama, guwar, durubalic, wuliwuli, wakawaka, tulua, barunggam, waka, kabic, yirandhali, guwa, yanda, warrongo, darumbal, bayali, kingkel, bidjara, badjiri, maric, yuru, wulguru, warrgamay, nyawaygi, dyirbal, dyirbalic, eastern, umbindhamu, mbariman, gudhinma, narr, gugadj, flinders, island, djabugay, wamin, walangama, mbabaram, mbara, yanga, takalak, ikarranggal, aghu, tharrnggala, angkula, alungul, kuthant, kurtjar, norman, yir, yoront, yak, thaayorre, ogh, undjan, kunjen, koko, bera, southwest, guugu, yimidhirr, kuku, nyungkal, gugu, yalandyi, barrow, point, yalanjic, morrobolam, lamalama, lamalamic, ompom, ngathan, mungkan, pakanha, kugu, muminh, ayabadhu, umpila, northeast, angkamuthi, yadhaykenu, wudhadhi, yinwum, atampaya, uradhi, unjadi, ngkoth, ndwa, ndrangith, mbiywom, mpalitjanh, luthigh, awngthim, arritinngithigh, ndra, mpakwithi, linnithigh, alngith, anguthimri, andjingith, adithinngithigh, north, paman, luise, anna, 1992, introduction, maitland, library, cataloguing, publication, entry, dictionary, schmidt, called, subgroup, 1919, perhaps, these, part, kadli, group, well, monaghan, paul, structures, life, time, colonisation, brock, peggy, gara, tom, eds, extract, xxiii, wakefield, 9781743054994, isbn, colonialism, its, aftermath, database, institute, torres, strait, islander, studies, did, partake, either, phonemic, voicing, exists, but, only, observed, series, example, demonstrating, such, intervocalically, kuɖi, kuʈi, quandong, kurti, phlegm, kurdi, approximant, trill, tap, lateral, nasal, voiced, voiceless, alveolar, palatal, dental, velar, labial, apical, laminal, peripheral, consonantal, inventory, typical, six, places, articulation, stops, nasals, rhotics, low, high, back, front, contrastive, long, lengths, closely, neighboring, like, wongaidya, present, tense, form, verb, speak, wangkatya, wallaroo, warra, tjura, tyura, pukunna, doora, nukuna, nokunna, noocoona, nookoona, nuguna, nukana, nukunnu, njuguna, known, neighbouring, tribes, australianists, including, below, spoken, maintenance, programme, way, yorke, peninsula, people, moribund, without, instead, characters, introductory, guide, unicode, question, marks, boxes, rendering, support, contains, phonetic, elp, aiatsis, nugu1241, glottolog, nnv, iso, 639, codes, latin, writing, system, unclassified, family, 2000, ethnicity, region, native, confused, gunu, free, encyclopedia, item, projects, printable, version, download, print, export, switch, legacy, parser, get, shortened, url, cite, permanent, link, what, here, general, actions, english, talk, kiswahili, svenska, piemontèis, italiano, español, subsection, top, personal, special, pages, recent, community, portal, learn, contribute, random, current, events, navigation, jump, content,

Text of the page (random words):
nukunu language wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 names 2 classification 3 phonology toggle phonology subsection 3 1 vowels 3 2 consonants 3 3 history 4 notes 5 references toggle the table of contents nukunu language 5 languages español italiano piemontèis svenska kiswahili edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia australian aboriginal language not to be confused with gunu language nukunu native to australia region south australia ethnicity nukunu extinct c 2000 revival 11 50 2019 1 language family pama nyungan thura yura unclassified nukunu writing system latin language codes iso 639 3 nnv glottolog nugu1241 aiatsis 1 l4 elp nukunu this article contains ipa phonetic symbols without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of unicode characters for an introductory guide on ipa symbols see help ipa nukunu or nugunu or many other names see below is a moribund australian aboriginal language spoken by nukunu people on yorke peninsula south australia as of 2017 there is a revival and maintenance programme under way for the language 2 names edit this language has been known by many names by neighbouring tribes and australianists including nukuna nokunna noocoona nookoona nuguna nukana nukunnu nukunu njuguna doora pukunna tjura tyura wallaroo warra wongaidya from wangkatya present tense form of verb to speak classification edit aboriginal languages of south australia nukunu is a pama nyungan language closely related to neighboring languages in the miru cluster 3 like narungga kaurna and ngadjuri phonology edit vowels edit nukunu has three different vowels with contrastive long and short lengths a i u a i u front back high i iː u uː low a aː consonants edit the nukunu consonantal inventory is typical for a pama nyungan language with six places of articulation for stops and nasals there are three rhotics in the language peripheral laminal apical labial velar dental palatal alveolar retroflex stop voiceless p k t̪ c t ʈ voiced ɖ nasal m ŋ n̪ ɲ n ɳ lateral l̪ ʎ l ɭ tap ɾ trill r approximant w j ɻ a phonemic voicing contrast exists in nukunu but it has only been observed in the retroflex stop series an example demonstrating such a contrast intervocalically is kurdi phlegm ipa kuɖi and kurti quandong ipa kuʈi history edit in contrast with other thura yura languages nukunu did not partake in either the initial th lenition before vowels or the lenition of initial k before vowels notes edit 1 2 l4 nukunu at the australian indigenous languages database australian institute of aboriginal and torres strait islander studies monaghan paul 2017 1 structures of aboriginal life at the time of colonisation in south australia in brock peggy gara tom eds colonialism and its aftermath a history of aboriginal south australia pdf extract pp i xxiii wakefield p 17 isbn 9781743054994 hercus pp 1 schmidt called this cluster a subgroup of thura yura as miru in 1919 perhaps these languages are part of the kadli group as well references edit hercus luise anna 1992 introduction a nukunu dictionary maitland south australia national library of australia cataloguing in publication entry v t e pama nyungan languages paman languages north adithinngithigh andjingith anguthimri alngith linnithigh mpakwithi ndra ngith arritinngithigh awngthim luthigh mpalitjanh mbiywom ndrangith ndwa ngith ngkoth unjadi uradhi atampaya yinwum wudhadhi yadhaykenu angkamuthi northeast umpila wik ayabadhu kugu muminh pakanha wik me nh wik mungkan wik ngathan wik ompom lamalamic lamalama morrobolam yalanjic barrow point gugu yalandyi kuku nyungkal guugu yimidhirr southwest koko bera kok thawa kunjen ogh undjan kuuk thaayorre kuuk yak yir yoront norman kurtjar kuthant thaypan alungul angkula aghu tharrnggala ikarranggal takalak thaypan southern mbara yanga mbabaram walangama wamin other djabugay flinders island gugadj kok narr mbariman gudhinma umbindhamu eastern pama nyungan dyirbalic dyirbal nyawaygi warrgamay wulguru yuru maric badjiri bidjara biri biri proper kingkel bayali darumbal warrongo yanda guwa yirandhali waka kabic barunggam gabi gabi gureng gureng tulua wakawaka wuliwuli durubalic guwar pimpama janday nunukul turrbal gumbaynggiric kumbainggar yaygir wiradhuric gamilaraay ngiyambaa wiradjuri yuin kuric darkinjung dharug dhanggati ngarigo ngunnawal gundungurra tharawal dharawal dhurga dyirringany thawa yugambal marbal worimi awabakal gathang gippsland dhudhuroa gunaikurnai bidhawal pallanganmiddang yugambeh bandjalang waalubal yugambeh githabul bundjalung other anewan kalaw lagaw ya yidiny bigambul guyambal lower burdekin bindal southern pama nyungan yotayotic yabula yabula yorta yorta kulinic kolakngat kulin dja dja wurrung wathaurong western victoria wemba wemba barababaraba ledji ledji madhi madhi nari nari wadi wadi wergaia woiwurrung taungurung bunurong bindjali drual bungandidj dhauwurd wurrung kuurn kopan noot lower murray keramin ngayawung yaralde yitha yitha yuyu thura yura adnyamathanha barngarla kaurna kuyani narungga nauo ngadjuri nukunu wirangu mirniny mirning ngadjunmaya nyungic galaagu kalaamaya natingero nyungar western pama nyungan kartu badimaya malgana thaagurda nhanda nhanhagardi wajarri yinggarda kanyara mantharta kanyara burduna bayungu thalanyji pinikura mantharta tharrgari warriyangka thiin jiwarli ngayarta jurruru kurrama martuthunira ngarla ngarluma kariyarra nhuwala nyamal nyiyaparli panyjima yindjibarndi yinhawangka marrngu karajarri mangala nyangumarta northern pama nyungan ngumpin yapa ngarrga warlmanpa warlpiri ngumpin walmajarri djaru gurindji bilinarra mudburra warumungu warumungu warluwaric wagaya bularnu yindjilandji warluwarra yanyuwa kalkatungic kalkatungu yalarnnga mayi mayi kulan mayi kutuna ngawun yolŋu dhaŋu dhuwal djaŋu djinba djinaŋ ritharrŋu nhaŋu central pama nyungan wati ngardi wanman western desert arandic arrernte kaytetye lower arrernte pertame karnic arabana diyari pirlatapa mithaka ngamini yarluyandi ngura pitta pitta wanggamala wangka yutjurru wilson river bundhamara new wangkumara garlali yandruwandha other baagandji bulloo river old wangkumara garlali muruwari barranbinja yarli macro pama nyungan macro gunwinyguan maningrida burarra ndjébbana gurr goni nakkara mangarrayi marran alawa mangarrayi marra warndarrang yugul gunwinyguan anindilyakwa dalabon gunbarlang jawoyn kunwinjku ngalakgan ngandi nunggubuyu rembarrnga uwinymil waray other gaagudju kungarakany wardaman wagiman tangkic kayardild lardil minkin gangalidda yukulta yangkaal garrwan garrwa gunindiri waanyi italics indicate extinct languages authority control databases national israel this australian aboriginal languages related article is a stub you can help wikipedia by adding missing information v t e retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title nukunu_language oldid 1330658341 categories thura yura languages indigenous australian language stubs hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata use dmy dates from july 2019 language articles with unreferenced extinction date articles containing nugunu australia language text all stub articles this page was last edited on 1 january 2026 at 19 16 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents nukunu language 5 languages add topic