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edit dynasties of ancient egypt early dynastic period egypt predynastic egypt references edit shaw ian ed 2000 the oxford history of ancient egypt oxford university press p 480 isbn 0 19 815034 2 romer john 2013 2012 chapter 18 the lost dynasty a history of ancient egypt vol 1 london eng penguin books pp 221 222 isbn 978 1 8 4614377 9 whatever else was taking place at the court of the second dynasty of kings it is clear that the fundamental institutions of pharaonic government its systems of supply not only survived throughout that century and a half but flourished to the extent that when the kings emerge into the light of history again with the pyramid builders of the third dynasty the state on the lower nile was more efficient than it had ever been that there was therefore strong institutional continuity bard kathryn a 2002 2000 chapter 4 the emergence of the egyptian state in shaw ian ed the oxford history of ancient egypt paperback 1st ed oxford oxford university press p 85 isbn 978 0 19 280293 4 there is much less evidence for the kings of the 2nd dynasty than those of the 1st dynasty until the last two reigns peribsen and khasekhemwy given what is known about the early old kingdom in the 3rd dynasty the 2nd dynasty must have been a time when the economic and political foundations were put in place for the strongly centralized state which developed with truly vast resources such a major transition however cannot be demonstrated from the archaeological evidence for the 2nd dynasty wagensonner klaus yale university department member 1 january 2024 visible language the early use of writing in egypt cite web cs1 maint multiple names authors list link mieroop marc van de 20 january 2021 a history of ancient egypt john wiley sons p 44 isbn 978 1 119 62089 1 1 2 3 ashmolean museum notice gaspa salvatore vigo matteo 1 september 2019 textiles in ritual and cultic practices in the ancient near east from the third to the first millennium bc ugarit verlag p 59 isbn 978 3 86835 188 0 schneider thomas 2023 language contact in ancient egypt lit verlag münster p 9 isbn 978 3 643 91507 8 kemp barry john 2018 ancient egypt anatomy of a civilization 3rd ed new york ny routledge p 32 44 fig 2 18 isbn 978 0415827263 incised designs on the base of a seated limestone statue of king khasekhem from hierakonpolis the design shows the bodies of the slain the plant motif above one symbolizing the north of egypt and the numerals 42 209 the name khasekhem is on the top surface of the base beside the king s feet hence its reversal after quibell and petrie hierakonpolis i pl xl redrawn by m bertram both designs seem to record the victory of king khasekhem khasekhemwy over a northern egyptian population and their ruler besh the cambridge ancient history 3rd edition p 43 the interpretation of besh is however extremely problematical at different times it has been explained as the personal name of the king as the name of a libyan people dwelling in the neighbourhood of el kab and as a more northern libyan tribe domiciled near the faiyum the title of the scene the year of fighting and smiting the northerners favours the last interpretation but no final proof is yet forthcoming wilkinson toby a h 1999 early dynastic egypt routledge p 83 isbn 0 415 26011 6 nicolas grimal a history of ancient egypt wiley blackwell weinheim 1994 isbn 978 0 631 19396 8 p 55 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 lundström peter the dynasties of manetho pharaoh se retrieved 2024 11 05 wilkinson toby a h 1999 early dynastic egypt routledge p 88 isbn 0 415 26011 6 wilkinson toby a h 1999 early dynastic egypt routledge p 87 isbn 0 415 26011 6 kahl jochem 2007 ra is my lord searching for the rise of the sun god at the dawn of egyptian history wiesbaden citation cs1 maint location missing publisher link wolfgang helck untersuchungen zur thinitenzeit otto harrassowitz wiesbaden 1987 isbn 978 3 447 02677 2 pp 103 107 von der way thomas 1997 zur datierung des labyrinth gebäudes auf dem tell el fara in buto göttinger miszellen 157 107 111 kenneth anderson kitchen ramesside inscriptions page 234 235 jürgen von beckerath handbuch der ägyptischen königsnamen deutscher kunstverlag münchen berlin 1984 isbn 3 422 00832 2 page 171 wolfgang helck untersuchungen zur thinitenzeit ägyptologische abhandlungen volume 45 otto harrassowitz verlag wiesbaden 1987 isbn 3 447 02677 4 p 125 wilkinson toby a h 1999 early dynastic egypt routledge p 89 isbn 0 415 26011 6 walter bryan emery ägypten geschichte und kultur der frühzeit fourier munich 1964 p 106 wolfgang helck untersuchungen zur thintenzeit ägyptologische abhandlungen volume 45 otto harrassowitz wiesbaden 1987 isbn 3 447 02677 4 pp 104 111 183 hermann a schlögl das alte ägypten geschichte und kultur von der frühzeit bis zu kleopatra verlag c h beck münchen 2006 isbn 3 406 54988 8 p 78 i e s edwards the early dynastic period in egypt cambridge university press cambridge 1964 p 25 wilkinson toby 1999 early dynastic egypt routledge p 89 isbn 0 415 26011 6 toby a h wilkinson 1999 early dynastic egypt routledge p 93 isbn 0 415 26011 6 preceded by first dynasty dynasty of egypt c 2890 2686 bc succeeded by third dynasty v t e pharaohs protodynastic to first intermediate period 3150 2040 bc period dynasty pharaohs male female uncertain protodynastic pre 3150 bc lower hedju hor ny hor ni neith hat hor pu hsekiu khayu tiu thesh neheb wazner mekh a double falcon wash upper a finger snail fish elephant stork taurus scorpion i crocodile iry hor ka scorpion ii narmer menes early dynastic 3150 2686 bc i narmer menes hor aha djer djet den anedjib semerkhet qa a sneferka horus bird ii hotepsekhemwy nebra nynetjer ba nubnefer horus sa weneg wadjenes senedj seth peribsen sekhemib perenmaat neferkare i neferkasokar hudjefa i khasekhemwy old kingdom 2686 2181 bc iii djoser sekhemkhet sanakht nebka khaba sedjes qahedjet huni iv sneferu khufu djedefre khafre bikheris menkaure shepseskaf thamphthis v userkaf sahure neferirkare kakai neferefre shepseskare nyuserre ini menkauhor kaiu djedkare isesi unas vi teti userkare pepi i meryre merenre nemtyemsaf i pepi ii neferkare merenre nemtyemsaf ii netjerkare siptah neferka 1 st intermediate 2181 2040 bc vii viii menkare neferkare ii neferkare neby djedkare shemai neferkare khendu merenhor neferkamin nikare neferkare tereru neferkahor neferkare pepiseneb neferkamin anu qakare ibi neferkaure neferkauhor neferirkare wadjkare khuiqer khui iytjenu ix meryibre khety neferkare vii nebkaure khety setut imhotep x meryhathor neferkare viii wahkare khety merikare middle kingdom and second intermediate period 2040 1550 bc period dynasty pharaohs male female uncertain middle kingdom 2040 1802 bc xi mentuhotep i intef i intef ii intef iii mentuhotep ii mentuhotep iii mentuhotep iv nubia segerseni qakare ini iyibkhentre xii amenemhat i senusret i amenemhat ii senusret ii senusret iii amenemhat iii amenemhat iv sobekneferu seankhibtawy seankhibra 2 nd intermediate 1802 1550 bc xiii sekhemre khutawy sobekhotep sekhemkare amenemhat senebef nerikare sekhemkare ameny qemau hotepibre iufni amenemhat vi semenkare nebnuni sehetepibre sewadjkare nedjemibre khaankhre sobekhotep renseneb hor awibre sekhemrekhutawy khabaw djedkheperew sebkay sedjefakare kay amenemhat vii wegaf khendjer imyremeshaw sehetepkare intef seth meribre sobekhotep iii neferhotep i sihathor sobekhotep iv merhotepre sobekhotep khahotepre sobekhotep vi wahibre ibiau merneferre ay merhotepre ini sankhenre sewadjtu mersekhemre ined sewadjkare hori merkawre sobekhotep mershepsesre ini ii sewahenre senebmiu merkheperre merkare sewadjare mentuhotep seheqenre sankhptahi xiv yakbim sekhaenre ya ammu nubwoserre qareh khawoserre ammu aahotepre sheshi nehesy khakherewre nebefawre sehebre merdjefare sewadjkare iii nebdjefare nebsenre sekheperenre bebnum apepi nuya wazad sheneh shenshek khamure yakareb yaqub har xv sharek semqen aperanat salitis sakir har khyan yanassi apepi khamudi xvi sekhemre sementawy djehuty sobekhotep viii neferhotep iii seankhenre mentuhotepi nebiryraw i nebiryraw ii semenre bebiankh sekhemre shedwaset dedumose i dedumose ii djedankhre montemsaf merankhre mentuhotep senusret iv seneferankhre abydos senebkay wepwawetemsaf pantjeny snaaib xvii sekhemre wahkhau rahotep nebmaatre sobekemsaf i sobekemsaf ii sekhemre wepmaat intef nubkheperre intef sekhemre heruhirmaat intef senakhtenre ahmose seqenenre tao kamose new kingdom and third intermediate period 1550 664 bc period dynasty pharaohs male female uncertain new kingdom 1550 1070 bc xviii ahmose i amenhotep i thutmose i thutmose ii hatshepsut thutmose iii amenhotep ii thutmose iv amenhotep iii akhenaten smenkhkare neferneferuaten tutankhamun ay horemheb xix ramesses i seti i ramesses ii merneptah amenmesses seti ii siptah tausret xx setnakhte ramesses iii ramesses iv ramesses v ramesses vi ramesses vii ramesses viii ramesses ix ramesses x ramesses xi ramesses xii 3 rd intermediate 1069 664 bc xxi smendes amenemnisu psusennes i amenemope osorkon the elder siamun psusennes ii high priest of amun herihor pinedjem i menkheperre xxii shoshenq i osorkon i shoshenq ii tutkheperre shoshenq maatkheperre shoshenq takelot i osorkon ii shoshenq iii shoshenq iv pami shoshenq v lines of xxii xxiii harsiese a takelot ii pedubast i iuput i shoshenq vi osorkon iii takelot iii rudamun shoshenq vii ini pharaoh iuput ii peftjauawybast nimlot of hermopolis djehutyemhat xxiii pedubast ii osorkon iv pami ii gemenefkhonsbak xxiv tefnakht bakenranef xxv piye shebitku shabaka taharqa tantamani late to roman period 664 bc 313 ad period dynasty pharaohs male female uncertain late 664 332 bc xxvi ammeris tefnakht ii nekauba necho i psamtik i necho ii psamtik ii apries amasis ii psamtik iii xxvii cambyses ii petubastis iii darius the great psammetichus iv inaros ii xerxes i artaxerxes i darius ii xxviii amyrtaeus xxix nepherites i hakor psammuthes nepherites ii muthis xxx nectanebo i teos of egypt nectanebo ii xxxi artaxerxes iii khabash arses of persia darius iii hellenistic 332 30 bc argead alexander the great philip iii of macedon alexander iv of macedon ptolemaic ptolemy i soter ptolemy ii philadelphus ptolemy iii euergetes ptolemy iv philopator ptolemy v epiphanes ptolemy vi philometor cleopatra ii ptolemy vii neos philopator ptolemy viii physcon cleopatra iii ptolemy ix soter ptolemy x alexander i berenice iii ptolemy xi alexander ii ptolemy xii auletes cleopatra v berenice iv cleopatra vi cleopatra vii ptolemy xiii theos philopator arsinoe iv ptolemy xiv philopator caesarion roman 30 bc 313 ad xxxiv augustus tiberius caligula claudius nero galba otho vitellius vespasian titus domitian nerva trajan hadrian antoninus pius lucius verus marcus aurelius commodus pertinax pescennius niger septimius severus geta caracalla macrinus diadumenian elagabalus severus alexander maximinus thrax gordian i gordian ii pupienus balbinus gordian iii philip the arab decius trebonianus gallus aemilianus valerian macrianus minor quietus lucius mussius aemilianus gallienus claudius gothicus quintillus aurelian tacitus probus carus carinus numerian diocletian maximian galerius maximinus daza dynastic genealogies 1 st 4 th 5 th 6 th 11 th 12 th 17 th 18 th 19 th 20 th 21 st 22 nd and 23 rd 24 th 25 th 26 th 27 th 30 th 31 st argead ptolemaic list of pharaohs v t e second dynasty of ancient egypt attested pharaohs hotepsekhemwy nebra weneg nynetjer seth peribsen sekhemib perenmaat khasekhemwy obscure pharaoh names horus ba ba horus sa hudjefa i neferkare i neferkasokar nubnefer senedj sneferka wadjenes queens consort menka nimaathap other royals khenmetptah satkhnum sehener shepset ipet wadjitefni mesen ka nisuheqet perneb other people inykhnum nefer setekh pehen ptah monument gisr el mudir shunet el zebib capital thinis v t e queens of ancient egypt protodynastic period to first intermediate period 3150 2040 bc period dynasty pharaoh uncertain early dynastic 3150 2686 bc i neithhotep benerib khenthap herneith nakhtneith penebui merneith seshemetka semat serethor betrest ii menka nimaathap old kingdom 2686 2181 bc iii hetephernebti djeseretnebti djefatnebti meresankh i iv hetepheres i meritites i henutsen khentetka meresankh ii hetepheres ii meresankh iii khamerernebty i persenet hekenuhedjet khamerernebty ii rekhetre bunefer v khentkaus i neferhetepes meretnebty khentkaus ii khentkaus iii reptynub khuit i nebunebty meresankh iv setibhor nebet khenut nimaathap ii vi iput i khuit ii ankhesenpepi i ankhesenpepi ii nubwenet meritites iv inenek inti nedjeftet neith iput ii udjebten ankhesenpepi iii ankhesenpepi iv nitocris middle kingdom and second intermediate period 2040 1550 bc period dynasty pharaoh uncertain middle kingdom 2040 1802 bc xi neferu i neferukayet iah tem neferu ii ashayet henhenet sadeh kawit kemsit xii neferitatjenen neferu iii keminub senet khenemetneferhedjet i nofret ii khenmet khenemetneferhedjet ii neferthenut meretseger aat khenemetneferhedjet iii sobekneferu 2 nd intermediate 1802 1550 bc xiii nofret nubhetepti senebhenas neni senebsen tjan ineni nubkhaes aya abetni satsobek ameny xiv tati xvi mentuhotep xvii nubemhat sobekemsaf haankhes tetisheri ahhotep i ahmose inhapy sitdjehuti ahhotep ii new kingdom and third intermediate period 1550 664 bc period dynasty pharaoh uncertain new kingdom 1550 1070 bc xviii ahmose nefertari ahmose sitkamose ahmose henuttamehu ahmose meritamun ahmose mutnofret hatshepsut iset satiah merytre hatshepsut nebtu menhet menwi and merti nebsemi tiaa nefertari iaret mutemwiya tiye gilukhipa sitamun iset tadukhipa kiya nefertiti meritaten neferneferuaten ankhesenamun tey mutnedjmet nebetnehat xix sitre tuya tanedjemet nefertari isetnofret henutmire maathorneferure meritamen bintanath nebettawy merytre isetnofret ii takhat tausret tiaa anuketemheb xx tiy merenese iset ta hemdjert tyti tiye duatentopet henutwati tawerettenru nubkhesbed baketwernel tentamun 3 rd intermediate 1069 664 bc xxi tentamun mutnedjmet karimala xxii karomama penreshnes maatkare tashedkhonsu nesitaudjatakhet nesitanebetashru kapes karomama i tadibast iii xxiii karomama ii xxv pebatjma tabiry abar khensa peksater arty qalhata tabekenamun takahatenamun naparaye atakhebasken malaqaye late period and hellenistic period 664 30 bc period dynasty pharaoh uncertain late 664 332 bc xxvi mehytenweskhet khedebneithirbinet i takhuit tentkheta nakhtubasterau ladice xxvii atossa artystone parmys amestris damaspia parysatis xxxi stateira i hellenistic 332 30 bc argead roxana stateira ii parysatis ii eurydice ii of macedon ptolemaic eurydice berenice i arsinoe i arsinoe ii berenice ii arsinoe iii cleopatra i syra cleopatra ii cleopatra iii cleopatra iv cleopatra selene berenice iii cleopatra v cleopatra vi berenice iv cleopatra vii arsinoe iv dynastic genealogies 1 st 4 th 5 th 6 th 11 th 12 th 17 th 18 th 19 th 20 th 21 st 22 nd and 23 rd 24 th 25 th 26 th 27 th 30 th 31 st argead ptolemaic retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title second_dynasty_of_egypt oldid ...
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