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share finance wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 terminology 2 valuation 3 tax treatment 4 share certificates 5 tracing shares 6 see also 7 references 8 external links toggle the table of contents share finance 85 languages afrikaans العربية مصرى asturianu azərbaycanca تۆرکجه žemaitėška беларуская тарашкевіца беларуская български বাংলা bosanski буряад català čeština cymraeg dansk deutsch ελληνικά esperanto español eesti euskara فارسی suomi français galego עברית हिन्दी hrvatski kreyòl ayisyen magyar հայերեն interlingua bahasa indonesia ido italiano 日本語 jawa qaraqalpaqsha қазақша ಕನ್ನಡ 한국어 кыргызча latina lëtzebuergesch lietuvių latviešu minangkabau македонски монгол मराठी नेपाली nederlands norsk nynorsk norsk bokmål ଓଡ଼ିଆ pälzisch polski português română русский sicilianu srpskohrvatski српскохрватски simple english slovenčina slovenščina shqip српски srpski sunda svenska kiswahili тоҷикӣ ไทย türkçe татарча tatarça українська اردو oʻzbekcha ўзбекча tiếng việt 吴语 ייִדיש 閩南語 bân lâm gí 粵語 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia unit of equity ownership in the capital stock of a corporation for the cumulative total shares of a corporation see share capital shares redirects here for other uses see share securities securities banknote bond debenture derivative stock markets stock market commodity market foreign exchange market futures exchange over the counter market otc spot market bonds by coupon fixed rate bond floating rate note inflation indexed bond perpetual bond zero coupon bond commercial paper bonds by issuer corporate bond government bond municipal bond pfandbrief equities stocks stock share initial public offering ipo short selling investment funds mutual fund closed end fund exchange traded fund etf hedge fund index fund segregated fund structured finance securitization agency security asset backed security mortgage backed security commercial mortgage backed security residential mortgage backed security tranche collateralized debt obligation collateralized fund obligation collateralized mortgage obligation credit linked note unsecured debt derivatives forward futures option swap warrant credit derivative hybrid security v t e a share certificate from 1936 entitling the holder to shares in greyhound lines a share sometimes referred to as stock or equity is a unit of equity ownership in the capital stock of a corporation it can refer to units of mutual funds limited partnerships and real estate investment trusts 1 share capital refers to all of the shares of an enterprise the owner of shares in a company is a shareholder or stockholder of the corporation 2 a share expresses the ownership relationship between the company and the shareholder 1 the denominated value of a share is its face value and the total of the face value of issued shares represent the capital of a company 3 which may not reflect the market value of those shares the income received from the ownership of shares is a dividend there are different types of shares such as equity shares preference shares deferred shares redeemable shares bonus shares right shares and employee stock option plan shares terminology edit stock equity shares outstanding are shares that are authorized by the government issued by the company and held by third parties treasury shares are shares that are authorized issued and held by the company itself issued shares are the sum of shares outstanding and treasury shares shares authorized include both issued by the board of directors or shareholders and unissued but authorized by the company s constitutional documents valuation edit further information stock valuation shares are valued according to the various principles in different markets but a basic premise is that a share is worth the price at which a transaction would be likely to occur were the shares to be sold the liquidity of markets is a major consideration as to whether a share is able to be sold at any given time an actual sale transaction of shares between buyer and seller is usually considered to provide the best prima facie market indicator as to the true value of shares at that particular time a minority discount is usually applied when valuing a minority shareholding less than 50 where ownership of the shares offers limited control over the business if this is held by a majority shareholder tax treatment edit tax treatment of dividends varies between tax jurisdictions for instance in india dividends are tax free in the hands of the shareholder up to inr 1 million but the company paying the dividend has to pay dividend distribution tax at 12 5 there is also the concept of a deemed dividend which is not tax free further indian tax laws include provisions to stop dividend stripping 4 share certificates edit historically investors were given share certificates as evidence of their ownership of shares in modern times certificates are not always given and ownership may be recorded electronically by a system such as crest or dtcc a central securities depository tracing shares edit as of may 2022 the united states supreme court was considering the case of slack technologies llc v pirani no 22 200 598 u s 759 2023 with regard to whether sections 11 and 12 a 2 of the securities act of 1933 require plaintiffs to plead and prove that they acquired shares of stock registered under and traceable to the registration statement they claim was misleading 5 6 see also edit employee stock ownership mutual organization scrip issue share capital social ownership stock token references edit 1 2 kvilhaug suzanne 20 october 2021 scott gordon ed what are shares meaning and how they compare to stocks investopedia retrieved 19 november 2022 hoang paul 2007 1 4 stakeholders business and management victoria ibid press pp 71 isbn 978 1 876659 63 9 chapter 22 company an introduction pdf accountancy noida uttar pradesh india national institute of open schooling 2008 p 242 archived from the original pdf on 19 july 2011 retrieved 24 august 2011 all about shares and tax rediff india abroad 16 january 2006 retrieved 23 february 2012 eichenberger sarah zelichov richard h 15 december 2022 supreme court to weigh in on securities act of 1933 standing in slack technologies direct listing appeal lexology katten muchin rosenman llp motion for leave to file and brief for the chamber of commerce of the united states of america and the securities industry and financial markets association as amici curiae in support of petitioners pdf supreme court of the united states 3 october 2022 archived pdf from the original on 6 october 2022 external links edit media related to stocks at wikimedia commons the dictionary definition of share at wiktionary v t e general areas of finance alternative investments alternative investment angel investor super angel assets capital and structure asset asset allocation asset growth capital asset capital management capital structure cost of capital debt disinvestment diversification finance divestment position of trust markets and trading bond finance bull stock market speculator exchange traded fund government bond growth stock growth investing hedge finance market risk over the counter risk return spectrum speculation stock stock exchange stockbroker swap finance systematic risk toxic asset too big to fail watered stock corporate finance and banking corporate finance enterprise risk management financial management history of banking history of money investment banking pension fund personal finance public finance strategic financial management sustainable and impact finance climate finance conservation finance eco investing environmental finance esg impact investing social finance sustainability sustainable development goals sustainable finance quantitative and mathematical finance computational finance experimental finance mathematical finance quantum finance statistical finance financial technology finance theory and behaviour behavioural finance fundamental analysis greater fool theory international finance investment advisory investment management investment performance investor profile financial fields subtopics financial analysis analyst asset crime deepening economics engineering inclusion institutions management market plan planner regulation risk services social work system valuation valuation using discounted cash flows authority control databases international gnd national japan czech republic other yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title share_ finance oldid 1375330918 categories equity securities stock market hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata use dmy dates from may 2016 commons category link is on wikidata this page was last edited on 17 september 2026 at 04 11 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search 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