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t among linguists 26 references edit 1 2 indigenous language and ability to conduct a conversation in an indigenous language 2021 census statistics canada government of canada october 26 2022 retrieved july 22 2026 antoine jurgita february 15 2024 lakota dakota text anthology project underway tribal college journal american indian higher education consortium retrieved july 22 2026 detailed languages spoken at home and ability to speak english for the population 5 years and over 2017 2021 united states census bureau u s department of commerce january 16 2025 retrieved july 22 2026 voegelin c f 1941 internal relationships of siouan languages american anthropologist 42 2 246 249 doi 10 1525 aa 1941 43 2 02a00080 jstor 662955 yesa sahį language project kasak ryan m 2016 a distant genetic relationship between siouan catawban and yuchi in rudin catherine gordon bryan j eds advances in the study of siouan languages and linguistics pdf berlin language science press pp 5 39 doi 10 17169 langsci b94 120 isbn 978 3 946234 37 1 cite book journal ignored help 1 2 wolff hans 1950 comparative siouan ii international journal of american linguistics 16 3 113 121 doi 10 1086 464075 s2cid 197656511 1 2 3 rankin robert l carter richard t jones a wesley koontz john e rood david s hartmann iren eds 2015 comparative siouan dictionary leipzig max planck institute for evolutionary anthropology retrieved december 13 2015 1 2 rankin robert l carter richard t jones a wesley n d proto siouan phonology and grammar ms university of kansas some siouan languages have however developed a phonemic contrast between the non nasal sonorants w and r and the corresponding nasals m and n these historical developments are presented in the following article michaud alexis jacques guillaume rankin robert l 2012 historical transfer of nasality between consonantal onset and vowel from c to v or from v to c diachronica 29 2 201 230 doi 10 1075 dia 29 2 04mic s2cid 53057252 kasak 2016 pp 5 11 campbell 1997 p 150 kasak 2016 pp 12 13 1 2 kasak 2016 p 15 for rankin s original rejection of the relationship see campbell 1997 p 264 for everything else see rankin 1998 p 164 165 1 2 chafe 1976 pp 53 54 rankin 1996 p 126 mirzayan 2023 p 1469 1 2 kasak 2016 p 31 mirzayan 2023 pp 1468 1469 kasak 2016 pp 31 32 1 2 3 4 5 kasak 2016 p 13 coen 2021 p 14 kasak 2024 p 19 chafe 1976 p 43 rankin 2002 p 195 sources edit campbell lyle 1997 american indian languages the historical linguistics of native america oxford studies in anthropological linguistics vol 4 oxford university press isbn 978 0 19 509427 5 chafe wallace l 1976 the caddoan iroquoian and siouan languages de gruyter doi 10 1515 9783110804669 isbn 978 90 279 3443 7 coen noah michael 2021 para adpositional morphosyntax in siouan a case study of lakhota dakota nakota catawba and crow in kasak ryan m rudin catherine mirzayan armik dutta samiron eds proceedings of the 41st siouan and caddoan languages conference siouan and caddoan languages conference norman oklahoma pp 13 58 issn 2641 9904 kasak ryan m 2024 a grammar of mandan comprehensive grammar library vol 10 berlin language science press isbn 978 3 96110 495 6 issn 2749 7798 mirzayan armik 2023 56 sketch of the siouan language family in dagostino carmen mithun marianne rice keren eds the languages and linguistics of indigenous north america a comprehensive guide volume 2 the world of linguistics vol 13 2 de gruyter pp 1447 1518 doi 10 1515 9783110712742 isbn 978 3 11 071274 2 rankin robert l 1996 deeper genetic relationships in north america some tempered pessimism annual meeting of the berkeley linguistics society 22 2 117 128 doi 10 3765 bls v22i2 1362 issn 2377 1666 rood david boyle john eds 2020 siouan languages and linguistics selected papers by robert l rankin brill doi 10 1163 9789004406285 isbn 978 90 04 40628 5 rankin robert l 1998 siouan catawban yuchi genetic relationship with a note on caddoan 18th annual siouan and caddoan languages conference bloomington indiana pp 146 165 rankin robert l 2002 a diachronic perspective on active stative alignment in siouan lawrence kansas university of kansas and research center for linguistic typology pp 181 216 voegelin c f 1941 internal relationships of siouan languages american anthropologist 42 2 246 249 doi 10 1525 aa 1941 43 2 02a00080 jstor 662955 further reading edit parks douglas r rankin robert l 2001 the siouan languages in demallie r j ed handbook of north american indians vol 13 plains washington dc smithsonian institution pp 94 114 isbn 0 16 050400 7 rudin catherine gordon bryan james 2016 rudin catherine gordon bryan james eds advances in the study of siouan languages and linguistics studies in diversity linguistics berlin language science press doi 10 17169 langsci b94 118 isbn 978 3 946234 37 1 external links edit wiktionary has a list of reconstructed forms at appendix proto siouan reconstructions comparative siouan dictionary siouan languages mailing list archive archived 2005 10 25 at the wayback machine v t e siouan catawban languages siouan mandan missouri river crow hidatsa mississippi valley dakotan assiniboine sioux dakota lakota stoney chiwere winnebago chiwere ho chunk dhegihan kansa osage omaha ponca quapaw unclassified mitchigamea ohio valley virginia siouan moneton tutelo saponi mississippi siouan biloxi ofo proto language proto siouan catawban catawba woccon italics indicate extinct languages v t e pre columbian north america periods lithic archaic formative classic post classic archaeological cultures adena alachua ancient beringian ancestral pueblo anasazi anishinaabe avonlea baytown belle glade buttermilk creek complex caborn welborn cades pond calf creek caloosahatchee clovis coles creek comondú deptford folsom fort ancient fort walton fremont glacial kame glades hohokam hopewell list of hopewell sites la jolla las palmas maritime archaic mississippian list of mississippian sites mogollon monongahela old cordilleran oneota paleo arctic paleo indians patayan plano plaquemine poverty point red ocher safety harbor santa rosa swift creek st johns steed kisker suwannee valley tchefuncte troyville weeden island woodland archaeological sites angel mounds anzick site bandelier national monument bastian benson blue spring shelter bluefish caves the bluff point stoneworks brewster cahokia candelaria cave carlisle fort casa grande chaco canyon coso rock art district crystal river cuarenta casas cueva de la olla cutler eaker el fin del mundo el vallecito effigy mounds etowah indian mounds eva folsom fort ancient fort center fort juelson four mounds gila cliff dwellings glenwood grimes point helen blazes holly bluff hopewell culture national historical park horr s island huápoca key marco kimball village kincaid mounds kolomoki mounds lake jackson mounds lehner mammoth kill site l anse aux meadows lynch quarry site marksville marmes rockshelter meadowcroft rockshelter mesa verde moaning cavern moorehead circle morrison mounds moundville mummy cave nodena site ocmulgee mounds old stone fort orwell site paquime painted bluff parkin park pinson mounds plum bayou mounds portsmouth earthworks poverty point pueblo bonito rassawek recapture canyon river styx roberts island rock eagle rock hawk rosenstock village russell cave salmon ruins serpent mound sierra de san francisco shell ring sites spiro mounds stallings island sunwatch taos pueblo town creek indian mound turkey river mounds upward sun river velda mound west oak forest earthlodge wickiup hill windover winterville wupatki human remains anzick 1 arlington springs man buhl woman kennewick man la brea woman leanderthal lady melbourne man minnesota woman peñon woman spirit cave mummy vero man miscellaneous aridoamerica ballgame black drink ceremonial pipe chanunpa chunkey clovis point container revolution eastern agricultural complex eden point effigy mound falcon dancer folsom point green corn ceremony horned serpent kiva medicine wheel metallurgy mi kmaq hieroglyphic writing mound builders n a g p r a norse colonization of north america oasisamerica piasa projectile point southeastern ceremonial complex stickball three sisters agriculture thunderbird transoceanic contact underwater panther water glyphs related genetic history pre columbian era v t e primary language families africa afroasiatic austronesian khoe kwadi kxʼa niger congo atlantic congo dogon ijoid katloid kru lafofa mande rashad siamou talodi heiban ubangian nilo saharan berta bʼaga central sudanic daju eastern jebel furan kadu koman gule kresh kuliak kunama nara nilotic nubian nyima maban mimi of decorse saharan songhay surmic taman temein tuu isolates bangime hadza jalaa laal meroitic ongota sandawe shabo eurasia europe and asia afroasiatic ainu austroasiatic austronesian chukotko kamchatkan dravidian digaro eskaleut great andamanese hmong mien hurro urartian indo european japonic kartvelian kho bwa koreanic kra dai mijiic miju mongolic nivkh northeast caucasian northwest caucasian ongan siangic sino tibetan tungusic turkic tyrsenian uralic xiongnu yeniseian yukaghir isolates basque bugun burushaski digaro mishmi elamite eteocretan eteocypriot hattic hruso idu mishmi kenaboi kusunda minoan nihali north picene philistine puroik shompen songlin sumerian tambora vedda zakhring new guinea and the pacific arai samaia austronesian binanderean goilalan border bulaka river central solomons chimbu wahgi demta sentani doso turumsa east geelvink bay east new britain east strickland eleman engan fas foja range gogodala suki hatam mansim kaure kosare kiwaian kutubuan lakes plain lower mamberamo lower sepik madang mairasi mantion meax north bougainville north halmahera pauwasi ramu senagi senu river sepik skou south bougainville teberan pawaian torricelli trans fly trans new guinea turama kikorian upper yuat west bird s head yam yawan yuat northwest papuan papuan gulf west new britain west papuan isolates abinomn abun anêm ata burmeso kol kuot maybrat mpur porome sulka taiap tambora yele australia bunuban eastern daly eastern tasmanian garawan gunwinyguan iwaidjan jarrakan maningrida mirndi northeastern tasmanian northern tasmanian nyulnyulan pama nyungan southern daly tangkic wagaydyic northern daly western daly western tasmanian worrorran arnhem macro gunwinyguan darwin region marrku wurrugu yangmanic wagiman isolates giimbiyu malak malak northern daly tiwi wagiman wardaman gaagudju kungarakany north america algic caddoan chimakuan chinookan chumashan comecrudan coosan eskaleut iroquoian kalapuyan maiduan muskogean na dene palaihnihan plateau penutian pomoan salishan shastan siouan tanoan tsimshianic utian uto aztecan wakashan wintuan yuki wappo yuman cochimí isolates alsea atakapa cayuse chimariko chitimacha coahuilteco cotoname esselen haida karuk kutenai natchez salinan seri siuslaw takelma timucua tonkawa tunica waikuri washo yana yuchi zuni keres yokuts mesoamerica arawakan chibchan jicaquean lencan mayan misumalpan mixe zoque oto manguean tequistlatecan totonacan uto aztecan xincan isolates cuitlatec huave purépecha south america arawakan arawan aymaran barbacoan boran bororoan cahuapanan cañari puruhá cariban chapacuran charruan chibchan chicham chocoan chonan guaicuruan guajiboan harákmbut katukinan hibito cholón huarpean jirajaran kakwa nukak kaweskaran lule vilela macro jê mapudungun mascoian matacoan nadahup nambikwaran otomacoan pano tacanan peba yaguan piaroa saliban quechuan ticuna yuri tiniguan tucanoan tupian uru chipaya witotoan yanomaman zamucoan zaparoan isolates aewa aikanã andaquí andoque arara do rio branco arutani betoi jirara candoshi shapra canichana cayubaba chiquitano chono cofán culle esmeralda guachí guamo guató iatê irantxe itonama joti kariri kamsá kanoê kunza kwaza leco máku matanawi mochica mosetén chimane movima muniche mura pirahã omurano otí páez payaguá puinave pumé puquina puri sape sechura tallán taruma taushiro timote trumai urarina wao terero warao xukuru yahgan yuracaré yurumangui sign languages arab australian aboriginal banzsl chinese francosign germanosign hand talk indo pakistani japanese mayan original thai swedish providencia cayman sudanese tanzanian vietnamese isolates see list of sign languages village sign languages see also constructed languages creoles language isolates list of proposed language families mixed languages pidgins spurious languages unclassified languages whistled languages families with question marks are disputed or controversial families in italics have no living members families with more than 30 languages are in bold v t e indigenous language families and isolates of north america language families and isolates chumashan yuki wappo adai beothuk bidai cayuse cusabo haida kutenai monqui pericú timucua tawasa waikuri eskaleut aleut eskimoan na dene eyak tlingit athabaskan algic wiyot yurok algonquian nansemond pamunkey mosan chimakuan salishan wakashan macro siouan yuchi caddoan iroquoian siouan catawban sewee shoccoree eno penutian chinookan maiduan plateau tsimshianic wintuan yok utian yokuts utian coast oregon alsea siuslaw coosan takelma kalapuyan takelma kalapuyan hokan jicaquean palaihnihan pomoan shastan tequistlatecan yuman chimariko esselen karuk salinan seri washo yana pueblo linguistic area tanoan keres zuni coahuiltecan linguistic area comecrudan amotomanco aranama coahuilteco cotoname janambre karankawa maratino naolan quinigua solano tonkawa gulf muskogean atakapa chitimacha natchez taensa calusa tunica calusa tunica mesoamerican linguistic area chibchan chocoan jicaquean lencan misumalpan alagüilac mesoamerican sprachbund mayan mixe zoque oto manguean tequistlatecan totonacan uto aztecan xincan chumbia chontal cuitlatec huave otomi of jalisco purépecha zapotec of jalisco caribbean linguistic area arawakan cariban unclassified ciguayo guanahatabey macorix proposed groupings amerind algonquian wakashan aztec tanoan macro mayan macro chibchan tolatecan totozoquean waroid lists classification extinct languages unclassified languages linguistic areas indicates an extinct language italics indicates independent status of a language bold indicates that a language family has at least 10 members authority control databases national united states france bnf data czech republic israel other yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title siouan_languages oldid 1377117881 categories siouan languages language families indigenous languages of the north american plains sioux culture indigenous languages of maryland hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata use american english from june 2026 all wikipedia articles written in american english use mdy dates from october 2024 articles with parenthetical referencing articles lacking in text citations from may 2026 all articles lacking in text citations articles lacking page references from october 2024 articles with multiple maintenance issues language articles with linguasphere code articles needing additiona...