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Text of the page (random words):
tangale language wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 phonology 2 grammar toggle grammar subsection 2 1 nouns 2 2 verbs 2 3 ideophones 2 4 pronouns 2 5 negation 3 literature 4 notes 5 references 6 further reading toggle the table of contents tangale language 12 languages brezhoneg deutsch euskara français hausa hrvatski igbo piemontèis português русский simple english kiswahili edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia west chadic language spoken in nigeria tangale native to nigeria ethnicity tangale people native speakers 200 000 2006 census 1 language family afro asiatic chadic west chadic bole angas bole tangale a 2 tangale south tangale language codes iso 639 3 tan glottolog nucl1696 ethnic territories of the tangale speaking people in nigeria in green tangale tangle is a west chadic language spoken in northern region of nigeria 1 the vast majority of the native speakers are found across akko billiri kaltungo and shongom local government area of gombe state nigeria phonology edit there are nine tangale vowels each occurs in a contrastive long and short form 2 22 tangale vowels 3 front back close open close high i ɪ ʊ u mid e ɛ ɔ o low a there are up to 34 consonant phonemes in the language including implosive stops prenasalized stops and labialized consonants 2 20 the language uses two levels of contrastive tone 2 27 a prominent feature of tangale is vowel harmony suffixes control whether all the vowels in a word are open or close 3 grammar edit nouns edit nouns have a masculine or feminine gender but this is not marked on the noun 2 28 the difference in gender is only seen in the agreement system covert gender nouns are not marked for plural except for the word child which has an irregular plural form a suffix i marks definite nouns 2 31 nouns can also take a possessive suffix which indexes the possessor of the noun possessor agreement 2 37 verbs edit verbs are bound roots of the following segmental shapes cvc cvːc cv m cc and cvcː 2 39 verb roots can be marked for verbal plurality in nine different ways including reduplication suffixation infixation and devoicing a subclass of about 30 verbs have shorter roots with only one consonant 2 43 verbs stems are marked with one of nine tense aspect mood tam suffixes 2 39 imperative subjunctive aorist intentional aorist subjunctive progressive i future perfect i perfect ii dependent or repetitive perfect progressive ii habitual in addition verbs in some tam can take an altrilocal ventive or distance suffix 2 46 ideophones edit ideophones are an emotional expressive word class morphologically ideophones are typically disyllabic and have a word final coda they also have an alternate form derived by total reduplication ideophones only carry low tone pronouns edit the pronominal systems distinguishes 8 categories three persons singular plural and a gender distinction in second and third person singular forms 2 32ff there are three types of independent or absolute pronouns subject pronouns also have three forms which are distinguished by their use in different tams object and indirect object pronominals are suffixed to the verb the possessive suffix or possessor agreement suffix attaches to nouns and indexes the possessor following the same categories as other pronominals a reflexive pronoun is formed by the word kɪɪ with a possessive suffix negation edit nominal and verbal predicates are negated by what is described as a suffix m 2 61 literature edit j s hall of the sudan interior mission worked with the tangale people and created literature in the language in 1920 the gospel of luke was published by the british and foreign bible society 4 followed by ruth and jonah in 1922 then acts in 1922 the gospel of matthew in 1927 romans in 1928 the epistles of paul in 1929 and then the new testament in 1932 5 notes edit 1 2 tangale at ethnologue 25th ed 2022 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 jungraithmary herrmann 1991 a dictionary of the tangale language berlin dietrich reimer verlag isbn 3496005939 1 2 van der hulst van de weijer 1995 496 tangale bible gospel of luke pdf tangale bible tangale bible portions 1920 28 youversion references edit frajzyngier zygmunt 1994 review of a dictionary of the tangale language bulletin of the school of oriental and african studies university of london 57 2 449 450 doi 10 1017 s0041977x00025714 jungraithmayr hermann 1991 a dictionary of the tangale language dietrich reimer verlag isbn 3496005939 van der hulst harry van de weijer jeroen 1995 vowel harmony in goldsmith john a ed the handbook of phonological theory blackwell pp 495 534 tangale is on youversion at further reading edit jungraithmayr herrmann 1971 the tangale vowel system reconsidered journal of african languages 10 28 33 jungraithmayr herrmann 2006 búụn saba proverbs sayings and maxims in eastern tangale köln rüdiger köppe verlag kidda m 1985 tangale phonology a descriptive analysis university of illinois champaign v t e languages of nigeria official languages english national languages hausa igbo yoruba recognised languages berom ebira edo efik ibibio fulfulde gbagyi idoma igala ijaw isoko izere jju jukun kanuri nupe karai karai tiv tyap ukwuani urhobo indigenous languages indigenous languages grouped by nigerian state adamawa baa bacama bali bata boga bura chamba leko daba daka dong fali of mubi ga anda gaa gude gudu holma huba hwana hya kamwe kanakuru kirya konzəl kofa koma kpasam kugama kumba lamang longuda margi margi south mumuye ngwaba nyong nzanyi psikyɛ sukur taram teme tso vere waja wom yendang zizilivakan akwa ibom anaang ekit ibibio obolo oron bauchi ɓeele bole bure ciwogai dass dazawa deno dikaka dulbu galambu gera geruma giiwo guruntum jalaa jarawa jimi karekare kariya kir balar kubi kushi kusur myet kutto kwaami labir longuda mangas mburku miya pa a piya polci shiki siri tso warji zangwal zumbun bayelsa izon epie urhobo isoko southeast ijo benue eggon igede borno afade bura cibak cineni dghwede glavda gude guduf gava gvoko jara jilbe kamwe kanakuru lamang maaka mafa margi margi south nggwahyi putai tera wandala yedina cross river abanyom efik mbe mbembe delta urhobo isoko ika izon isoko ukwuani uhrobo edo afenmai ishan bini gombe awak bangwinji bole dadiya jara kamo ngamo pero tangale tera tula waja jigawa bade teshenawa kaduna adara ahwai anib atsam ayu berom bu ninkada bina bishi cori doka dungu duya ekhwa gbagyi gbari gwandara gyong hasha hausa hyam ikulu jju kaivi kinuku koonu kuzamani mada mala nghan nikyob nindem ninzo numana nungu nyankpa ruma sambe sha shamang t kurmi timap tiseni tivori toro tugbiri niragu tumi tyap fantswam gworog sholyio takad tyap mabatado tyecharak tyuku vono wachi zhire kano ɗuwai hausa tikurmi kebbi cipu damakawa hun saare kogi basa benue bassa nge igala nupe oworo kwara kakanda kupa nupe nasarawa ake alumu basa benue duhwa eggon hasha jili toro niger asu bariba cipu gbagyi gwandara jijili kakanda nupe pongu ondo itsekiri izon ukaan plateau barkul berom bogghom bole cakfem mushere dass fyam fyer goemai horom izere jorto koenoem kofyar kulere miship montol mundat mwaghavul ngas pe pyapun rigwe ron sha sur tal tambas tarok tyap takad yankam yiwom rivers abua baan biseni defaka degema ekpeye eleme engenni gokana ijaw ikwerre kalabari khana kugbo nkoroo o chi chi obolo obulom odual ogba ogbogolo ogbronuagum ogoni okodia oruma tee ukwuani aboh ndoni taraba baissa fali bete buru dadiya donga kholok kpati laka lufu mumuye nyam nyingwom pangseng rang tarok waja waka yendang yoti yobe bade bole ɗuwai karekare ngamo ngizim sign languages nigerian sign language bura sign language hausa sign language scripts pan nigerian alphabet nigerian braille medefaidrin v t e west chadic languages hausa gwandara a 1 gwandara hausa bole tangale a 2 bole ɓeele bole bure daza deno galambu gera geruma giiwo karai karai kubi ngamo maaka pali tangale goji kanakuru kholok kulung kutto kwaami nyam pero piya kwonci tangale angas a 3 belnǝng cakfem mushere chakato jorto goemai jibyal koenoem miler miship montol mwaghavul ngas nteng pan pyapun tal yiwom ron a 4 duhwa fyer kulere mundat ron bokkos daffo butura shagawu sha tambas bade b 1 auyokawa bade shirawa ɗuwai ngizim teshenawa north bauchi warji b 2 ajawa ciwogai diri kariya mburku miya paʼa siri warji zumbun south bauchi barawa b 3 zaar dass geji polci saya zari zeem guruntum guruntum mbaaru ju tala zangwal boghom boghom jimi jum kir balar mangas others poki italics indicate extinct languages see also chadic languages authority control databases national united states france bnf data israel other yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title tangale_language oldid 1361199162 categories west chadic languages languages of nigeria hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata language articles citing ethnologue 25 this page was last edited on 26 june 2026 at 09 40 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code 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