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ittleren und unteren donauraumes in der hohen kaiserzeit studies on the daker wars of trajan studies on the history of the middle and lower danube region in the high imperial period antiquitas 1 abhandlungen zur alten geschichte in german bonn via internet archive cite book cs1 maint location missing publisher link strobel karl 1993 das imperium romanum im 3 jahrhundert modell einer historischen krise the roman empire in 3 century model of a historical crisis historia einzelschriften in german stuttgart steiner isbn 978 3 515 05662 5 strobel karl 2010 kaiser traian eine epoche der weltgeschichte emperor trajan an epoch of world history in german regensburg f pustet isbn 978 3 7917 2172 9 syme ronald 1980 1st pub 1958 trajan oxford oxford university press isbn 978 0198143277 syme ronald 1964 hadrian and italica the journal of roman studies 54 142 149 doi 10 2307 298660 jstor 298660 s2cid 162241585 syme ronald 1970 1958 colonial elites rome spain and the americas oxford oxford university press isbn 9780198214892 via internet archive syme ronald 1971 danubian papers bucharest via internet archive cite book cs1 maint location missing publisher link veyne paul 1976 le pain et le cirque in french paris seuil isbn 978 2 02 004507 0 veyne paul 2001 la société romaine in french paris seuil isbn 978 2 02 052360 8 veyne paul 2005 l empire gréco romain in french paris seuil isbn 978 2 02 057798 4 young gary k 2001 rome s eastern trade international commerce and imperial policy 31 bc ad 305 abingdon routledge isbn 978 0 203 47093 0 further reading edit ancel r manning soldiers military heritage december 2001 volume 3 no 3 12 14 16 20 trajan emperor of rome benario herbert w 2000 trajan a d 98 117 de imperatoribus romanis retrieved 24 september 2007 bowersock g w roman arabia harvard university press 1983 cizek eugen 1983 l époque de trajan circonstances politiques et problèmes idéologiques collection d études anciennes in french paris belles lettres isbn 978 2 251 32852 2 fuller j f c a military history of the western world three volumes new york da capo press inc 1987 and 1988 v 1 from the late times to the battle of lepanto isbn 0 306 80304 6 255 266 269 270 273 trajan roman emperor kettenhofen erich 2004 trajan encyclopaedia iranica in french minaud gérard les vies de 12 femmes d empereur romain devoirs intrigues voluptés paris l harmattan 2012 ch 6 la vie de plotine femme de trajan p 147 168 isbn 978 2 336 00291 0 schallmayer egon ed 1999 traian in germanien traian im reich saalburg schriften vol 5 bad homburg saalburgmuseum isbn 3 931267 04 0 wildfeuer c r h trajan lion of rome the untold story of rome s greatest emperor aquifer publishing 2009 isbn 0 9818460 6 8 oclc 496004778 historical fiction external links edit wikimedia commons has media related to marcus ulpius nerva traianus trajan nerva antonine dynasty born 18 september 53 died august 117 regnal titles preceded by nerva roman emperor 98 117 succeeded by hadrian political offices preceded by marcus tullius cerialis la pt cn pompeius catullinus as suffect consul roman consul 91 with mn acilius glabrio succeeded by gnaeus minicius faustinus es de ru p valerius marinus as suffect consul preceded by p cornelius tacitus m ostorius scapula as suffect consul roman consul 98 with nerva iv succeeded by l maecius postumus as suffect consul preceded by a cornelius palma frontonianus q sosius senecio roman consul 100 with sex julius frontinus succeeded by lucius julius ursus as suffect consul preceded by l roscius aelianus maecius celer ti claudius sacerdos julianus as suffect consul roman consul 101 with q articuleius paetus succeeded by sex attius suburanus aemilianus as suffect consul preceded by l antonius albus m junius homullus as suffect consul roman consul 103 with manius laberius maximus succeeded by q glitius atilius agricola ii as suffect consul preceded by l octavius crassus p coelius apollinaris as suffect consul roman consul 112 with t sextius cornelius africanus succeeded by m licinius ruso as suffect consul v t e roman and byzantine emperors and empresses regnant principate 27 bc ad 235 augustus tiberius caligula claudius nero galba otho vitellius vespasian titus domitian nerva trajan hadrian antoninus pius marcus aurelius lucius verus commodus pertinax didius julianus septimius severus caracalla geta macrinus w diadumenian elagabalus severus alexander crisis 235 284 maximinus i gordian i gordian ii pupienus balbinus gordian iii philip i w philip ii decius w herennius etruscus licinian trebonianus gallus w hostilian volusianus aemilianus silbannacus valerian gallienus w saloninus claudius ii quintillus aurelian tacitus florianus probus carus carinus numerian later roman empire 284 641 diocletian maximian galerius constantius i severus ii constantine i maxentius domitius alexander licinius maximinus ii valerius valens martinian constantine ii constantius ii constans i magnentius nepotianus vetranio julian jovian valentinian i valens procopius gratian theodosius i valentinian ii magnus maximus w victor eugenius western empire 395 476 honorius constantine iii w constans ii priscus attalus constantius iii joannes valentinian iii petronius maximus avitus majorian severus iii anthemius olybrius glycerius julius nepos romulus augustulus eastern empire 395 641 arcadius theodosius ii marcian leo i leo ii zeno basiliscus w marcus anastasius i justin i justinian i justin ii tiberius ii constantine maurice w theodosius phocas heraclius eastern byzantine empire 641 1453 constantine iii heraclonas w tiberius constans ii constantine iv w heraclius tiberius justinian ii leontius tiberius iii justinian ii w tiberius iv philippicus anastasius ii theodosius iii leo iii constantine v artabasdos w nikephoros leo iv constantine vi irene nikephoros i staurakios michael i rangabe w theophylact staurakios leo v w constantine michael ii theophilos w constantine michael iii w thekla basil i w constantine leo vi alexander constantine vii romanos i lekapenos w christopher romanos stephen constantine lekapenos romanos ii nikephoros ii phokas john i tzimiskes basil ii constantine viii zoe romanos iii argyros michael iv michael v constantine ix monomachos theodora michael vi bringas isaac i komnenos constantine x doukas eudokia makrembolitissa romanos iv diogenes w leo nikephoros michael vii doukas w andronikos konstantios constantine doukas nikephoros iii botaneiates alexios i komnenos john ii komnenos w alexios manuel i komnenos alexios ii komnenos andronikos i komnenos w john isaac ii angelos alexios iii angelos john komnenos alexios iv angelos alexios v doukas theodore i laskaris w nicholas john iii vatatzes theodore ii laskaris john iv doukas laskaris michael viii palaiologos andronikos ii palaiologos w irene michael ix palaiologos andronikos iii palaiologos john v palaiologos w anna john vi kantakouzenos w matthew andronikos iv palaiologos john vii palaiologos w andronikos v manuel ii palaiologos john viii palaiologos constantine xi palaiologos related gallic emperors 260 274 palmyrene emperors 271 273 britannic emperors 286 296 trapezuntine emperors 1204 1461 thessalonian emperors 1224 1242 empresses augustae usurpers classical eastern italics indicates a junior co emperor underlining indicates an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper v t e pharaohs protodynastic to first intermediate period 3150 2040 bc period dynasty pharaohs male female uncertain protodynastic pre 3150 bc lower hedju hor ny hor ni neith hat hor pu hsekiu khayu tiu thesh neheb wazner mekh a double falcon wash upper a finger snail fish elephant stork taurus scorpion i crocodile iry hor ka scorpion ii narmer menes early dynastic 3150 2686 bc i narmer menes hor aha djer djet den anedjib semerkhet qa a sneferka horus bird ii hotepsekhemwy nebra nynetjer ba nubnefer horus sa weneg wadjenes senedj seth peribsen sekhemib perenmaat neferkare i neferkasokar hudjefa i khasekhemwy old kingdom 2686 2181 bc iii djoser sekhemkhet sanakht nebka khaba sedjes qahedjet huni iv sneferu khufu djedefre khafre bikheris menkaure shepseskaf thamphthis v userkaf sahure neferirkare kakai neferefre shepseskare nyuserre ini menkauhor kaiu djedkare isesi unas vi teti userkare pepi i meryre merenre nemtyemsaf i pepi ii neferkare merenre nemtyemsaf ii netjerkare siptah neferka 1 st intermediate 2181 2040 bc vii viii menkare neferkare ii neferkare neby djedkare shemai neferkare khendu merenhor neferkamin nikare neferkare tereru neferkahor neferkare pepiseneb neferkamin anu qakare ibi neferkaure neferkauhor neferirkare wadjkare khuiqer khui iytjenu ix meryibre khety neferkare vii nebkaure khety setut imhotep x meryhathor neferkare viii wahkare khety merikare middle kingdom and second intermediate period 2040 1550 bc period dynasty pharaohs male female uncertain middle kingdom 2040 1802 bc xi mentuhotep i intef i intef ii intef iii mentuhotep ii mentuhotep iii mentuhotep iv nubia segerseni qakare ini iyibkhentre xii amenemhat i senusret i amenemhat ii senusret ii senusret iii amenemhat iii amenemhat iv sobekneferu seankhibtawy seankhibra 2 nd intermediate 1802 1550 bc xiii sekhemre khutawy sobekhotep sekhemkare amenemhat senebef nerikare sekhemkare ameny qemau hotepibre iufni amenemhat vi semenkare nebnuni sehetepibre sewadjkare nedjemibre khaankhre sobekhotep renseneb hor awibre sekhemrekhutawy khabaw djedkheperew sebkay sedjefakare kay amenemhat vii wegaf khendjer imyremeshaw sehetepkare intef seth meribre sobekhotep iii neferhotep i sihathor sobekhotep iv merhotepre sobekhotep khahotepre sobekhotep vi wahibre ibiau merneferre ay merhotepre ini sankhenre sewadjtu mersekhemre ined sewadjkare hori merkawre sobekhotep mershepsesre ini ii sewahenre senebmiu merkheperre merkare sewadjare mentuhotep seheqenre sankhptahi xiv yakbim sekhaenre ya ammu nubwoserre qareh khawoserre ammu aahotepre sheshi nehesy khakherewre nebefawre sehebre merdjefare sewadjkare iii nebdjefare nebsenre sekheperenre bebnum apepi nuya wazad sheneh shenshek khamure yakareb yaqub har xv sharek semqen aperanat salitis sakir har khyan yanassi apepi khamudi xvi sekhemre sementawy djehuty sobekhotep viii neferhotep iii seankhenre mentuhotepi nebiryraw i nebiryraw ii semenre bebiankh sekhemre shedwaset dedumose i dedumose ii djedankhre montemsaf merankhre mentuhotep senusret iv seneferankhre abydos senebkay wepwawetemsaf pantjeny snaaib xvii sekhemre wahkhau rahotep nebmaatre sobekemsaf i sobekemsaf ii sekhemre wepmaat intef nubkheperre intef sekhemre heruhirmaat intef senakhtenre ahmose seqenenre tao kamose new kingdom and third intermediate period 1550 664 bc period dynasty pharaohs male female uncertain new kingdom 1550 1070 bc xviii ahmose i amenhotep i thutmose i thutmose ii hatshepsut thutmose iii amenhotep ii thutmose iv amenhotep iii akhenaten smenkhkare neferneferuaten tutankhamun ay horemheb xix ramesses i seti i ramesses ii merneptah amenmesses seti ii siptah tausret xx setnakhte ramesses iii ramesses iv ramesses v ramesses vi ramesses vii ramesses viii ramesses ix ramesses x ramesses xi ramesses xii 3 rd intermediate 1069 664 bc xxi smendes amenemnisu psusennes i amenemope osorkon the elder siamun psusennes ii high priest of amun herihor pinedjem i menkheperre xxii shoshenq i osorkon i shoshenq ii tutkheperre shoshenq maatkheperre shoshenq takelot i osorkon ii shoshenq iii shoshenq iv pami shoshenq v lines of xxii xxiii harsiese a takelot ii pedubast i iuput i shoshenq vi osorkon iii takelot iii rudamun shoshenq vii ini pharaoh iuput ii peftjauawybast nimlot of hermopolis djehutyemhat xxiii pedubast ii osorkon iv pami ii gemenefkhonsbak xxiv tefnakht bakenranef xxv piye shebitku shabaka taharqa tantamani late to roman period 664 bc 313 ad period dynasty pharaohs male female uncertain late 664 332 bc xxvi ammeris tefnakht ii nekauba necho i psamtik i necho ii psamtik ii apries amasis ii psamtik iii xxvii cambyses ii petubastis iii darius the great psammetichus iv inaros ii xerxes i artaxerxes i darius ii xxviii amyrtaeus xxix nepherites i hakor psammuthes nepherites ii muthis xxx nectanebo i teos of egypt nectanebo ii xxxi artaxerxes iii khabash arses of persia darius iii hellenistic 332 30 bc argead alexander the great philip iii of macedon alexander iv of macedon ptolemaic ptolemy i soter ptolemy ii philadelphus ptolemy iii euergetes ptolemy iv philopator ptolemy v epiphanes ptolemy vi philometor cleopatra ii ptolemy vii neos philopator ptolemy viii physcon cleopatra iii ptolemy ix soter ptolemy x alexander i berenice iii ptolemy xi alexander ii ptolemy xii auletes cleopatra v berenice iv cleopatra vi cleopatra vii ptolemy xiii theos philopator arsinoe iv ptolemy xiv philopator caesarion roman 30 bc 313 ad xxxiv augustus tiberius caligula claudius nero galba otho vitellius vespasian titus domitian nerva trajan hadrian antoninus pius lucius verus marcus aurelius commodus pertinax pescennius niger septimius severus geta caracalla macrinus diadumenian elagabalus severus alexander maximinus thrax gordian i gordian ii pupienus balbinus gordian iii philip the arab decius trebonianus gallus aemilianus valerian macrianus minor quietus lucius mussius aemilianus gallienus claudius gothicus quintillus aurelian tacitus probus carus carinus numerian diocletian maximian galerius maximinus daza dynastic genealogies 1 st 4 th 5 th 6 th 11 th 12 th 17 th 18 th 19 th 20 th 21 st 22 nd and 23 rd 24 th 25 th 26 th 27 th 30 th 31 st argead ptolemaic list of pharaohs authority control databases international isni viaf 2 gnd fast worldcat national united states france bnf data italy czech republic spain netherlands norway chile greece 2 sweden poland vatican israel catalonia belgium 2 academics cinii artists ulan people trove deutsche biographie ddb other idref open library snac te papa new zealand yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title trajan oldid 1375522928 categories trajan 53 births 117 deaths 1st century roman consuls 1st century roman emperors 2nd century roman consuls 2nd century roman emperors adult adoptees ancient roman adoptees ancient roman generals ancient roman military personnel characters in the divine comedy deaths from edema deified roman emperors leaders who took power by coup letter writers in latin people from seville comarca people of the roman parthian wars roman emperor consuls roman governors of germania superior roman governors of pannonia roman legates roman royalty who served as consul romans from hispania ulpii royal adoptees hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata use dmy dates from september 2026 pages using the phonos extension pages including recorded pronunciations articles containing latin language text wikipedia articles needing page number citations from january 2026 cs1 catalan language sources ca all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from august 2025 cs1 french language sources fr all articles with incomplete citat...