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er october and november hereafter autumn 93 98 table 1 recovery rates outside grampian were 1 in 330 2023 299 2024 and 281 2025 movements into grampian were a lot higher in 2024 1 in 187 than in 2023 1 in 1 320 and 2025 1 in 561 table 1 table 1 total numbers ringed numbers ringed during autumn number of birds recovered outside grampian and number of birds ringed elsewhere and recovered in grampian the majority of redpolls were ringed at four sites brathens slack wood loch of leys all aberdeenshire and tiendland forest moray all of these sites are mixed birch larch and spruce forests except for loch of leys which is dominated by birch trees 2023 and 2025 were birch mast heavy seeding years and 62 and 94 of redpolls were ringed at loch of leys in those years in contrast 2024 was not a birch mast year and only 0 5 of redpolls were ringed at loch of leys with 92 ringed at the other three sites birch trees mast every 2 3 years while spruce and larch mast every 3 5 years and presumably redpolls adapt to feed on the most plentiful seed in each year so it appears that redpolls particularly targeted birch seeds in the mast years of 2023 and 2025 but then switched to feed on spruce and or larch seeds in 2024 presumably redpolls will remain close to their breeding areas as long as the seed food source remains abundant and only move south in autumn in response to diminishing seed resources it appears that most of the birds that pass through grampian in autumn travel as far as southern england by late autumn winter with only a single belgian control recorded during 2023 25 figure 2 the majority of birds appear to migrate down the eastern half of england with only two birds being controlled in gloucestershire close to the welsh border there are only two records of birds ringed during the winter of 2023 24 one from belgium in december 2023 and one from nottinghamshire in february 2024 which may have already been heading north so we don t have a clear idea yet of where these migrants actually winter perhaps we might get some more information on this in the coming winter and we also have little information on where these autumn migrant redpolls breed although one bird ringed on south uist in late may may indicate that at least some birds breed on the west coast of scotland there is clearly still a lot to discover on redpoll movements figure 2 map of north east scotland redpoll movements posted by grampian ringing group at 19 03 no comments thursday 9 january 2025 biometrics and movements of redwings ringed in grampian 1989 2024 innes sim grampian ringing group ringed 701 redwings between 1989 and 2024 and here we test if there is variation in wing length and body weight between different age classes and in different months of the year data on wing length and body weight were available for 6 months jan feb sept dec but sample sizes were low in jan feb and sept n 14 8 11 and 12 7 3 respectively so these three months were excluded from the analyses wing length figure 1 shows the distribution in wing length with a mean of 119 mm and a range of 106 131 mm there was no significant difference in mean wing length between the three age classes first year 119 1 3 1 s d n 438 adult 119 7 3 2 n 240 unknown age birds 119 7 3 5 n 18 anova f 2 11 d f 2 696 p 0 12 there was however a marginally significant difference in mean wing length between the 3 months oct 119 7 3 3 n 364 nov 119 2 3 2 n 100 dec 118 9 3 1 n 198 anova f 3 40 d f 2 659 p 0 03 mean wing length apparently decreased during the 3 months but the difference of 0 8 mm was small and well within the measurement accuracy and range of measurement error of different ringers 1 2 mm hence we conclude that there was no difference in mean wing length and thus approximate body size in birds in different age classes or months these wing lengths are very similar to a larger sample from the bto https www bto org understanding birds birdfacts redwing unfortunately it is not possible to sex redwings in the hand but it appears that males have mean wing lengths around 7 mm longer than females males 122 mm females 115 mm https www bto org understanding birds birdfacts redwing figure 1 histogram of wing length distribution of 699 redwings measured in grampian 1989 2024 body weight there was no significant difference in mean body weight between age classes anova f 2 40 d f 2 521 p 0 09 so data from all age classes were combined mean body weight increased significantly between oct and dec oct 62 7 5 6 s d nov 65 5 5 1 dec 72 6 6 1 anova f 158 68 d f 2 521 p 0 001 figure 2 surprisingly we could find only one published scientific paper on redwing biometrics in autumn and none on how these change between months mean body weight of birds killed when flying into bardsey lighthouse north wales in october 1995 was around 62 g so very similar to our values in october https nsojournals onlinelibrary wiley com doi epdf 10 1034 j 1600 048x 2000 310211 x figure 2 mean 95 c l body weight of redwings measured during october to december 1989 2024 why is there an increase in body weight between october and december first we can rule out the possibility that birds arriving in grampian in november and or december are simply larger than those in october since there was no increase in wing length during these three months the icelandic race turdus iliacus coburni is longer winged and presumably heavier than the nominate race t i iliacus which breeds in northern europe https britishbirds co uk journal article status and identification icelandic redwing britain so it seems very unlikely that an influx of icelandic birds can account for the increase in body weight we do however catch a small but unknown proportion of icelandic birds in grampian figure 3 a more likely explanation for the increase in body weight is that birds arriving in october having just undergone a taxing migration across the north sea from northern europe or the atlantic from iceland are in relatively poor body condition they then increase their body condition as they feed on invertebrates and or berries such that by december they have increased their body weight by around 10 g 16 on average the origin of autumn migrants in the uk remains obscure but it is thought that many birds subsequently move south to winter in france and iberia especially during winters when weather is harsh and berry crops are poor in the uk https www tandfonline com doi abs 10 1080 03078698 2002 9674271 an increase in body weight would allow birds to perform this extra migration leg successfully as well as helping to cope with harsher winters for those that choose to remain in scotland figure 3 icelandic top and nominate bottom redwing races trapped in grampian in december 2024 origins of redwings arriving in grampian in autumn there have been only three recoveries of birds to from grampian out of 701 ringed during the last 35 years however around 250 of these were ringed in 2024 so the recovery rate excluding these is around 1 in 150 birds ringed in northern norway and fair isle scotland in october were controlled in grampian in november while another was shot in portugal in december having been ringed in grampian in october all three were ringed as fully grown birds and we therefore have no idea as to where their natal areas were it seems likely that the majority of birds arriving in grampian in autumn originate in fennoscandia although smaller numbers may be from in iceland https migrationatlas org node 1782 section1 numbers in grampian appear to peak around november and then fall off sharply presumably as birds make their way further south and west in search of food especially berry sources it seems likely that many of these birds continue south to winter in southern france and iberia https migrationatlas org node 1782 section1 although we currently have only a single ringing recovery to back that up next steps we currently have a very poor understanding as to the origins of redwings passing through in autumn and wintering in grampian and should attempt to increase numbers ringed by targeting favoured foraging and roosting areas it would also be interesting to identify the proportion of birds of icelandic origin in grampian in autumn and winter following the guidelines identified in a recent paper https britishbirds co uk journal article status and identification icelandic redwing britain perhaps through implementing these two measures we can increase our knowledge of the origins and movements of this attractive elusive and shy but fascinating thrush posted by raymond at 16 57 3 comments tuesday 10 december 2024 winter thrush ringing in grampian in autumn winter 2024 grampian ringing group has never specifically targeted the ringing of winter thrushes redwing and fieldfare and numbers ringed have usually been less than 50 per year however some group members put in more effort in 2022 when we ringed 61 redwing and 36 fieldfare these were caught at roost sites in gardens during snowy weather or when feeding on rowan or whitebeam berry crops in 2023 the berry crop was very poor and there was no influx of thrushes into gardens resulting in low numbers ringed 7 redwing and 9 fieldfare however following a bumper rowan berry crop in summer 2024 we began looking for potential catching sites with berries in the autumn some redwings were ringed at loch of leys 26 between 11 and 28 november including a 1 st year bird controlled after being ringed on fair isle on 31 october craiglash 59 redwing and 7 fieldfare between 14 november and 8 december and pitfichie forest 40 in mid november we also located two potential new sites at stewartfield near strachan and at auchorrie near torphins both sites had an abundance of rowan berries when checked in october but were not checked again until 2 nd december by which time there were several hundred thrushes at both and most of the berries had been stripped from the trees ringing site at stewartfield no catches were attempted at auchcorrie but at stewartfield net rides were made through dead bracken below 6 10 m high rowan trees and we targeted those trees that still retained some berries however many birds were feeding on fallen berries on the ground which probably helped increase catches we began catching on 3 december when we set 2 x 18 m thrush mesh nets and played latvian redwing song lures at both nets in an attempt to increase catches this was pretty successful and we ringed 32 redwing and 2 fieldfare we returned the following day set 2 x 18 m thrush mesh nets again and ringed a further 47 redwing and 15 fieldfare we played the latvian redwing lure at one net where all the redwing and 2 fieldfare were caught and fieldfare song at the other net where 13 fieldfare and no redwing were caught we gave the site a break on the 5th but returned on 6 december set 3 x 18 m thrush mesh nets played redwing song at all 3 nets and ringed 62 redwing poor weather on 7 and 8 december prevented further catches but a further 9 redwing were ringed on the 9 th in 2 x 18 m thrush mesh nets with latvian redwing lures by which date there were virtually no berries left thus during 4 catching days over a week we ringed 150 redwing and 17 fieldfare as well as 27 blackbird and a single mistle thrush net ride at stewartfield two races of redwing are recognised the nominate turdus iliacus iliacus breeds in northern europe whereas t i coburni breeds in iceland the nominate race is generally lighter brown on the upper chest nape and head and has pinkish legs whereas the icelandic race is darker brown on the upper chest nape and head and has brownish legs however it is not considered possible to identify the race of every bird as there is overlap in feather and leg colour and biometrics it is currently unclear as to the breeding season origins of birds wintering in scotland but it is thought that most icelandic birds winter in the north west of the uk whereas many birds from northern europe winter in the south and east of the uk we did record a few clear examples of icelandic birds in our catches but the difficulty in assigning birds to a specific race means that we still have much to learn about redwing movements of both races northern european redwing race icelandic redwing race fieldfare mistle thrush posted by raymond at 17 26 no comments friday 2 february 2024 grampian ospreys in the sun ian francis ewan weston jenny weston between 17 and 21 pairs of ospreys are known to have nested in aberdeenshire over the past eight years though we believe pairs are missed we know that some of our fledged youngsters are breeding elsewhere so the movement away of potential recruits could influence our local population in 2023 we only located 17 active nests with pairs not present at three long standing sites and no new fully occupied nests found there were rumours of pairs at a couple of other sites but these were not located breeding productivity was a little above average though at c 1 5 chicks fledged per occupied nest but outcomes were uncertain from at least one site six chicks were ringed in 2023 and in total since 1993 grg has ringed 248 osprey chicks over that period there have been 133 resightings or recoveries of at least 58 individual chicks most are now marked with blue plastic darvic rings with white digits left leg and many are now photographed or captured on nest cameras technology has certainly improved the reporting rate an interesting set of sightings of one young bird from near monymusk came last year 2023 it was one of a brood of three chicks ringed by a grg team led by ewan weston on 10 july it probably fledged around the end of july and hung around for a short while however from 26 august to 16 september it was near london and was appreciated by many tens of people in that time an easterly migration route for our birds is relatively unusual as more often they are seen in south west england particularly cornwall and devon osprey brood donside 10 7 23 a chick blue 256 fledged from here migrated south via london spending a week there photo ewan weston osprey blue 256 from donside nest bowyers water lee valley london 31 8 23 photo stuart fox another 2023 osprey nest nearby also had a brood of three all duly ringed one of the chicks from here was seen by jean marie dupart on 23 january 2024 at the karone islands in casamance senegal 12 degrees north osprey brood donside 10 7 23 a chick fledged from this nest ring 253 was seen in senegal in january 2024 see below photo ewan weston osprey blue 253 photographed in senegal by jean marie dupart on 23 january 2024 osprey blue 253 photographed in senegal by jean marie dupart on 23 january 2024 this is not the group s first osprey recovery from senegal in fact it s the sixth we ve also had recoveries from the gambia three ghana and guinea bissau one each the sunny climes of west africa are clearly the place to be in winter for our birds and this is not just true of juveniles which spend their first full year there but also ret...