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josephus org the flavius josephus primer home page the flavius josephus primer home page welcome this site is dedicated to the works of the jewish historian flavius josephus 37 ce circa 100 ce for centuries josephus works were more widely read in europe than any book other than the bible they are an invaluable eye witness to a momentous turning point in judaism christianity and western civilization works life war war chronology holidays women rulers modern aspects josephus account of jesus the testimonium flavianum the new testament new testament josephus parallels mail and frequently asked questions books links what s new i present to greeks and romans this memorial of great achievements yosef ben mattityahu email gary josephus org the works of josephus a note on how the works are referenced on this site downloadable files project gutenberg the jewish war 460 kb antiquities of the jews 1 030 kb the life 60 kb against apion 90 kb the works of josephus the whiston translation online external link the works of josephus in greek the greek text of b niese at the perseus project brill translations with commentary the essential internet site for josephus scholars is pace the project on ancient cultural engagement led by professor steve mason incredibly the brill translation and commentary which is very expensive in hardcover is available free on the pace site the english translation appears parallel to the greek text of niese provided by the perseus project and commentary is seen by clicking on the footnote numbers clicking on a greek word brings up the perseus analysis tools the published volumes of the brill josephus project are now life mason ant 1 4 feldman ant 5 7 begg ant 8 10 begg spilsbury ant 11 spilsbury seeman ant 15 van henten against apion barclay war book 2 mason war book 4 mason see the previously posted reviews of the volumes of the brill commentary life and antiquities 1 4 the life of josephus biography timeline josephus life in the context of events in rome and early christianity genealogy descent from the hasmoneans maccabees the war image by ritmeyer archaeological design josephus on the destruction of the temple josephus on the causes of the war against rome josephus as a source for a military history of the jewish revolt by jim bloom crane brinton s model of revolution and the jewish revolt by ken west lion feuchtwanger and his josephus trilogy by jim bloom chronology of the war introduction part 1 revolt in jerusalem august september 66 ce part 2 the campaign of cestius gallus and the defeat of the xiith legion october november 66 ce part 3 the new government november 66 march 67 part 4 josephus in galilee december 66 may 67 part 5 the success of vespasian january 67 december 69 part 6 the factions battle for power january 68 may 70 part 7 the siege and destruction of jerusalem march 70 september 70 holidays passover the collection of all occurrences of passover stories in josephus writing with commentary pentecost shavuos everything josephus has to say about the celebration of the festival of pentecost shavuos including the most violent protest prior to the war sukkot the feast of tabernacles with its great crowds in jerusalem often marked the beginning and end of dynasties here is a summary of these events in the works of josephus rosh hashanah and yom kippur the holiest days of modern judaism are barely mentioned by josephus why purim esther s story hanukkah did josephus censor his description of hanukkah women women in josephus works an overview queen alexandra the female ruler of judea mariamme the story of the the last hasmonean princess whom herod married to secure his kingdom and their stormy marriage esther her point of view josephus retelling of the story of esther trouble quiet sowers of unrest representations of women from josephus to cary by maria m oberg elizabeth cary the 17th century english playwright drew from josephus to compose her work the tragedy of mariam the fair queen of jewry the manner in which these two authors portray the actions of speech of women is the subject of this engrossing study rulers and nations the hasmonean dynasty genealogical chart of the jewish rulers of judaea drawn from josephus account ancient jewish coins related to the works of josephus the history of the rulers of judaea as revealed in ancient silver and bronze coins gaza the relations between judeans and the people on the coast have often been difficult as josephus relates modern aspects the campaign against al qaeda and the jewish war some parallels by jim bloom december 2001 remarks on josephus in the light of current events 2001 by g j goldberg december 2001 links steve mason at york university josephus works at pace brill whiston and greek josephus bibliography on line at pace perseus greek texts and translations resource pages for biblical studies new testament gateway ritmeyer archaeological design categorized josephus links josephus in general articles archaeology and josephus judaism and early christianity language literary works connected to josephus exs screen exw exs width navigator appname netscape exb exs colordepth exb exs pixeldepth josephus account of jesus the testimonium flavianum the earliest description of jesus outside of the gospels is found in josephus jewish antiquities yet for centuries scholars have doubted that a jewish writer could have written an account that contains basic tenets of christian belief this conflict is resolved by understanding the source of josephus composition in the following article published in 2022 josephus s methods for paraphrasing his sources are examined in depth josephus s paraphrase style and the testimonium flavianum by gary j goldberg published in journal for the study of the historical jesus volume 20 issue 1 feb 2022 this article is open access and available here for download josephus s paraphrase style and the testimonium flavianum pdf an online version can be read here abstract the controversial account of jesus found in josephus s jewish antiquities 18 63 64 known as the testimonium flavianum has puzzling similarities to luke 24 18 24 a portion of the emmaus narrative this article proposes an explanation based on established research into josephus s methods of composition through a phrase by phrase study this article finds that the testimonium can be derived from the emmaus narrative using transformations josephus is demonstrated to have employed in paraphrasing known sources for the antiquities precedents are identified in word adoption substitution and content modification consequently i submit that the testimonium is josephus paraphrase of a christian source this result also resolves the difficulties that have raised doubts about the testimonium s authenticity with implications for the understanding of the historical jesus the following articles summarize and expand on this research 1 new solution to the josephus jesus mystery brings fresh evidence to a problem long thought unsolvable in this post i give an introduction to the paraphrase article and its implications 2 evaluating the josephus jesus paraphrase model i expand on the article by providing a convenient color coded summary that displays the paraphrase evidence at a glance i also elaborate on the difference between this model and earlier proposals and discuss some of the implications for the dating of the gospels and the nature of early relations between christians and jews the basis for the new approach to the testimonium the 2022 article on josephus s paraphrase makes reference to the 1995 article that first outlined the coincidences with the emmaus narrative the earlier article may be downloaded here pdf file the coincidences of the testimonium of josephus and the emmaus narrative of luke by g j goldberg the journal for the study of the pseudepigrapha 13 1995 pp 59 77 note the following articles elaborate on the 1995 article they have yet to be upgraded to include the evidence and arguments of the 2022 article introduction josephus account of jesus 1 the mystery of josephus jesus account a summary of the history of the controversy 2 the josephus luke connection 3 the testimonium luke comparison table at a glance view of the parallels between the two jesus descriptions 4 statistical analysis of jesus texts the statistical significance of the testimonium luke relationship when compared with other jesus descriptions from early christianity 5 quantitative content analysis of jesus texts further statistical studies 6 critique of john meier s argument in a marginal jew in light of the lukan connection 7 conclusions answers to frequently asked testimonium questions how the past puzzles of the jesus account of josephus are resolved by the lukan source 8 testimonium bibliography appendix robert eisler on the testimonium flavianum the new testament new testament parallels side by side comparison of josephus and the new testament jesus of nazareth all of the references by josephus to jesus james and pontius pilate john the baptist a discussion of josephus account of john the baptist and its relation to new testament passages the star of bethlehem speculation on a prophetic image honi the circle drawer a popular miracle worker is killed in jerusalem at passover mail and frequently asked questions how is the name josephus pronounced where does josephus tell the story of masada does josephus describe jesus physical appearance what are the oldest manuscripts we have of josephus works did josephus write the discourse on hades could luke and josephus both be right about lysanias tetrach of abilene what are your credentials josephus in america josephus on audio archaeological correction gamla and cana the veil of the temple a rope on the high priest michal s idol translating the sodomites books and articles review of the brill project antiquities 1 4 review of the brill project life editions of josephus complete works condensed versions josephus studies bibliographies and scholarly aids josephus in literary fiction monty python and the works of josephus what jesus blatantly fails to appreciate is that it s the meek who are the problem first century judaea links to book reviews society of biblical literature what s new note to make use of newer technology latest articles are currently being posted at josephusblog org latest post evaluating the josephus jesus paraphrase model the origin of josephus s passage about jesus is best explained by the paraphrase model detailed in josephus s paraphrase style and the testimonium flavianum in this post i expand on the article with a convenient color coded summary that displays the paraphrase evidence at a glance i also elaborate on the difference between this model and earlier proposals and discuss some of the implications for the dating of the gospels and the nature of early relations between christians and jews read the post recently added new solution to the josephus jesus mystery brings fresh evidence to a problem long thought unsolvable in an article published in the february 2022 issue of the journal for the study of the historical jesus i present extensive evidence for a new model that provides a simple and natural explanation of the composition of the jesus passage this explanation makes use of the copious research investigators of josephus have made on his methods of composition used throughout his jewish antiquities in this blog post i give a summary of the article and its implications read the post the journal article is josephus s paraphrase style and the testimonium flavianum by gary j goldberg published in the journal for the study of the historical jesus volume 20 issue 1 feb 2022 this article is published on the brill jshj site as open access and is available here for download josephus s paraphrase style and the testimonium flavianum pdf king david s pandemic january 29 2022 the bible tells the story of a nation wide pandemic under king david circa 1000 bce the terrible plague was attributed to a mysterious sin by the king and ended with an act of redemption of great consequence to jewish history the establishment of the site of the jerusalem temple when josephus retold this story for a skeptical roman audience in the first century ce he struggled with having to explain the actions of a just deity who unleashes a deadly disease upon an innocent populace in this article i will examine how josephus changed the story to emphasize the human suffering and heroism during the plague and i will try to relate the story to the current global pandemic which began circa november 2019 ce read the post here is a recent article by steve mason why josephus matters in the marginalia review https themarginaliareview com why josephus matters the christmas journey and the jewish revolt december 24 2021 the journey to bethlehem in luke s story of the first christmas is motivated by the roman census jewish readers of luke in the first century would remember the census as connected to the jewish revolt of the year 66 how would they have reacted to luke s use of this event read the post the asteroid sodom and josephus dec 2 2021 the recent conclusion that an asteroid or comet caused the destruction of urban centers in the jordan valley over 3600 years ago leads to serious consideration as to whether the cataclysm was the source of the biblical story of the destruction of sodom the plausibility of this identification depends on whether the time and place of the biblical story can be reconciled on this josephus provides some critical information he also wrestles with the plausibility and meaning of the mass destruction for his skeptical non jewish readers and why was this event intertwined with the story of abraham updated link steve mason s pace website has a new home as of june 2021 the flavius josephus home page address is www josephus org please send comments to gary josephus org last update july 8 2012 the image of josephus at the top of this page is from the frontispiece of the 1792 edition of the works of josephus translated by thomas bradshaw it shows oddly enough the roman goddess of wisdom minerva attending josephus who is composing his works according to the light of unerring truth the flavius josephus home page is edited by g j goldberg do you have an article related to josephus let me know contributions to this site are encouraged would you like to be notified when changes are made to this site drop me a line you can just say notify me quotation of material is allowed if credit is given to the appropriate author and to this site email gary josephus org