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he quality of a product or service promotional messages and suggestions you really want to do this and prices this also includes if an item is free a certain percentage off as well as interest rates there is more leeway if the organization being acknowledged is an irs 501 c non profit or is the license itself third party fundraising normally fundraising for the station is limited to supporting the station itself the fcc does allow the interruption of programming for fundraising for other organizations the station can devote up to 1 of time per year for third party fundraising and certain reporting has to be kept the fcc may also at times following major disasters allow nce stations to raise funds for particular organizations coverage areas the fcc rules permit a class d station to operate up to 99 watts at 100 feet 30 meters above average terrain if the average terrain at the antenna site including the height of the antenna on the tower exceeds 30 meters then the 99 watt power will be reduced to compensate on perfectly flat land at 100 feet the average coverage area is about 3 ½ miles because many villages and communities in alaska are in canyons and valleys with significant mountains on one or more sides your average height will be low in some cases going to a foothill location will gain some additional coverage channels frequencies available for class d stations all frequencies channels from 88 1 to 107 9 fm are available to class d stations we suggest that class d stations use the channels between 88 1 and 91 9 as those channels are reserved for non commercial educational broadcast stations in most parts of alaska there is a wide availability of channels first write down all of the fm channel frequencies for this we will stick with the reserved channels 88 1 88 3 88 5 88 7 88 9 89 1 89 3 89 5 89 7 89 9 90 1 90 3 90 5 90 7 90 9 91 1 91 3 91 5 91 7 91 9 first find out if there are any existing fm stations in that community you can scan the dial or check a website like fccdata org to see all of the fm stations available if a channel is in use then you will want to cross out that channel and the three additional channels around it each way therefore you could be scratching out up to 7 channels let s say that 88 7 is currently being used in this area you will then want to scratch out the channels from 88 1 to 89 3 88 1 88 3 88 5 88 7 88 9 89 1 89 3 89 5 89 7 89 9 90 1 90 3 90 5 90 7 90 9 91 1 91 3 91 5 91 7 91 9 once you scratch out all of the channels for the fm stations that are in that area use an fm radio with a digital tuner to check out the other frequencies test this from a table radio from areas where you are expecting the station to cover also test it from a vehicle located at several parts of your service area make a note if you are hearing a station even if it coming in with a lot of static the fcc has a formula for determining protections to other stations these protections are primarily around the co channel and up to three adjacent channels even despite these protections most of alaska has very wide open spectrum availability so even if there is a channel where there is a weak station or even a station that is listed within about 200 miles but not heard there s still many opportunities to maximize the coverage free of potential interference from other stations availability in anchorage and kenai peninsula due to the higher concentration of existing stations in anchorage finding an available frequency will be challenging and there may be some areas where there is no availability areas on the kenai peninsula e g soldotna sterling homer etc may have more limited availability but it may be possible please check with rec for assistance public notice requirements the fcc requires that public notice be given for most application types including new stations the public notice normally takes the form of a classified ad that would appear in a daily newspaper twice a week for two weeks or if there is no daily newspaper a weekly newspaper once every week for three weeks if there is no daily or weekly paper published in that community in the daily paper wherever published with the greatest circulation in that community 73 3580 c in the case of alaskan villages it may be likely that there is no newspaper in those cases we may need to ask for a waiver of the public notice rules and instead offer to place the public notice in a post office or other public place 73 3580 g identifying the site the site must be identified and the geographic coordinates determined for coordinates the fcc uses the older north american datum 1927 nad27 this will mean that coordinates received from a gps unit or from google maps google earth would have to be converted from the nad83 value that those devices use to nad27 both rec and noaa provide web tools that can do those conversions you will also need to determine the overall height of the tower this is the height from ground level even if the tower structure is on top of a building the radiation center of the antenna will also need to be calculated most fm broadcast antennas are side mounted and therefore the center of radiation would be lower than the overall height of the tower once granted you will have a tolerance of building at that height or within 2 meters above to 4 meters below the authorized radiation center height the fcc rules do not permit vertical polarized antennas in the class d service 73 316 therefore antennas such as ground planes and the norwalk dominator cannot be used antennas must be horizontally or circularly polarized site selection and airports any site selected must be evaluated to assure that antenna structure registration asr is not required the asr process notifies the faa of an antenna that may be located near an airport and could be a hazard to navigation any proposed antenna structure within 5 miles of an airport runway is evaluated based on the glide slope method to determine if the antenna will require registration antenna structures further away from the airport can go higher vs those closer to the airport all structures that exceed 200 feet above ground level require registration regardless of their location in respect to an airport even near airports any antenna structure that is less than 20 feet above the highest point of a building that is not already an antenna structure is exempt from the antenna structure registration requirement rec can determine if structure registration is required u s anti drug abuse act adverse findings and character issues the fcc has certain expectations regarding board members i e parties to the application the us anti drug abuse act 21 usc 862 denies certain federal benefits to those convicted of federal drug offenses for a certain period of time this is the same law that denies those with drug convictions of being able to receive a student loan any time that you file an application with the fcc including renewals you will have to certify that all members of your board are not being denied federal benefits under the us anti drug act the fcc also requires certification that the applicant or a party to the application must certify that they were not involved in any previous fcc proceeding where character issues have been raised or there is another pending application where character issues have been raised this mainly stems around making misleading statements with the fcc the fcc may make a determination of a lack of candor or character issues and require a person that if they file any future applications they must disclose the character issues applicants must also disclose that there is no adverse findings or pending cases of any board member that involves any kind of felony mass media related antitrust or unfair competition fraudulent statements to another government agency or discrimination a felony conviction properly disclosed in the application process does not always exclude an applicant but it will put the application under a deeper review process the construction permit application process before construction can take place the broadcast station must have a granted construction permit this is done on fcc form 301 on the form 301 include all of the necessary information about your organization including the educational statement if this is your first non translator station and we include all of the technical information regarding the proposed station once filed the fcc will make an initial review of the application the application is then put on a 30 day public notice for the next 30 days from that public notice any member of the local community can file a petition to deny to state why your organization should not be granted a license once your application makes it through that 30 day period the application is further checked by the fcc staff for technical compliance and then a construction permit is granted once an application is granted construction may begin permittees have 36 months to complete construction of the facility this normally cannot be extended except in the event of a widespread natural disaster note the fcc has determined in a previous case that while new tower construction cannot take place prior to the grant of a construction permit applicants may set tower footings prior to the grant this is helpful in places where the ground hardens in the winter modification of the construction permit sometimes things change you may need to move to a different location or a different height you may request a modification of your construction permit as long as the new facility meets certain standards you can usually easily request a height change the height chosen may impact your station s effective radiated power also if it is proposed to increase the overall height of a tower then a check will need to be done to determine if structure registration will be required if the tower is already registered then the registration will have to be modified moves can be made within where the service contour of the old and new location have some form of overlap in general that move could be up to 7 miles the channel frequency can be changed up or down 0 2 0 4 0 6 10 6 or 10 8 mhz as long as it can be shown that the new channel meets all interference guidelines modifying a construction permit does not extend the expiration date it s still 36 months from the original grant determining transmitter power output tpo the fcc determines a station s power level based on effective radiated power or erp erp is the power that is actually radiated at the antenna between the transmitter and the antenna there will be loss of the signal based on the length and type of feedline coax cable used and any other devices between the transmitter and antenna such as lightning arrestors the antenna itself may exhibit gain or loss that needs to be considered therefore the actual power from the transmitter may be a lot higher than the authorized erp this example for an lpfm station authorized 100 watts erp shows how with a simple single bay circular polarized antenna you may need a transmitter output of 280 watts to get 100 watts in places where power consumption may be limited creative methods using off the shelf directional antennas could be used as long as the intended community is covered these types of antennas exhibit gain and may allow you to run a transmitter output power that is lower than your authorized erp but still be able to reach your authorized erp at the antenna the calculation of the tpo can be done by rec or any broadcast engineer this value will be necessary for the license application obtaining a call sign once your construction permit is granted you may now go and obtain a call sign all stations in alaska use call letters beginning with k unlike lpfm stations class d fm stations do not use the lp suffix on the end of the call letters the fcc has a call sign reservation tool where you will be able to request an available call sign call signs become official about one week after requesting it a list of spare callsigns can be found at https recnet net calls application for license up until now your station has been on a construction permit and not a license this gives you permission to construct the station and unless your construction had some specific condition on it it may also give you automatic program test authority where you can actually start operating the station when you have completed construction of your station and you have obtained a call sign you may now file your license application this is done on fcc form 302 fm on this form you will make some certifications including the anti drug abuse act certification you will also include the technical information about the final construction including the tpo value that we determined above if there were any specific conditions on the construction permit that requires an exhibit those exhibits are included in the license application this may happen if the fm station is close to an am station or if certain types of directional antennas are used when you file the license application there is no specified waiting period but it is an opportunity for any other station who claims that their station is being interfered with or with other reasons to object to the license application can make that argument at that time through an informal objection they cannot object to the qualifications of the licensee unless there was a substantial circumstance that changed between the time of the grant of the construction permit and the license once your license application is granted you are fully licensed and you are no longer under the three year deadline ownership reports within 30 days of the grant of the license application an ownership report must be filed using fcc form 323 e 73 3615 this report shows the information as to all parties to the organization i e board members etc each individual is required to obtain a fcc registration number frn similar to what we talked about earlier for the organization itself ownership reports will also be filed will be filed by december 1 on all odd numbered years they are also filed when the licensee makes changes to the board members that also requires the filing of either fcc forms 314 315 or 316 for a transfer of control fcc form 323 e is filed in the fcc s lms system which is currently used mainly for television instead of cdbs which is mainly used for radio public file all broadcast stations except lpfm are required to maintain a public file due to changes in the rules class d stations must now place their public file online at the fcc s public file website stations must place a link to their station s information at the fcc public file website from their station s home page note prior to the licensing of the station 73 3527 b 1 states that a paper version of the public file must be placed in an accessible place in the proposed community of license for alaska that could be a location such as a post office an office used by a vpso a local church...