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maya angelou simple english wikipedia the free encyclopedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide getting around main page simple start simple talk new changes show any page help contact us about wikipedia special pages search search appearance give to wikipedia create account log in personal tools give to wikipedia create account log in contents move to sidebar hide beginning 1 early life 2 career 3 works 4 death 5 honors 6 related pages 7 notes 8 references 9 other websites toggle the table of contents maya angelou 113 languages afrikaans aragonés العربية مصرى অসমীয়া asturianu aymar aru azərbaycanca تۆرکجه boarisch bikol central беларуская български বাংলা brezhoneg català cebuano čeština cymraeg dansk deutsch zazaki dolnoserbski ελληνικά emiliàn e rumagnòl english esperanto español eesti euskara فارسی suomi français gaeilge gàidhlig galego hausa עברית hrvatski hornjoserbsce kreyòl ayisyen magyar հայերեն արեւմտահայերէն interlingua bahasa indonesia ilokano ido íslenska italiano 日本語 ქართული қазақша yerwa kanuri 한국어 kurdî kernowek latina lëtzebuergesch lietuvių latviešu madhurâ मैथिली malagasy minangkabau македонски മലയാളം मराठी bahasa melayu नेपाली nederlands norsk nynorsk norsk bokmål occitan ଓଡ଼ିଆ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ picard polski piemontèis پښتو português runa simi ikirundi română русский scots srpskohrvatski српскохрватски සිංහල slovenčina slovenščina anarâškielâ shqip српски srpski siswati svenska kiswahili தமிழ் తెలుగు tagalog türkçe українська اردو oʻzbekcha ўзбекча vèneto tiếng việt volapük winaray 吴语 მარგალური yorùbá 閩南語 bân lâm gí 粵語 中文 change links page talk english read change change source view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read change change source view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export make a book download as pdf page for printing in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from simple english wikipedia the free encyclopedia maya angelou angelou reciting her poem on the pulse of morning at us president bill clinton s inauguration january 20 1993 born marguerite annie johnson 1928 04 04 april 4 1928 st louis missouri us died may 28 2014 2014 05 28 aged 86 winston salem north carolina us occupation writer poet civil rights activist period 1951 2014 subject memoir poetry notable works i know why the caged bird sings on the pulse of morning spouses tosh angelos m 1951 div 1954 paul du feu m 1974 div 1983 children 1 website www mayaangelou com angelou on february 4 2013 maya angelou 1 2 i ˈmaɪ ə ˈændʒəloʊ born marguerite annie johnson april 4 1928 may 28 2014 was an american poet author writer memoirist and civil rights activist she published seven autobiographies three books of essays several books of poetry and was credited with a list of plays films and television shows spanning over 50 years she received dozens of awards and more than 50 honorary degrees angelou was best known for her series of seven autobiographies which focus on her childhood and early adult experiences the first i know why the caged bird sings 1969 tells of her life up to the age of 17 and brought her international recognition and acclaim early life change change source angelou was born marguerite annie johnson 3 in st louis missouri on april 4 1928 the second child of bailey johnson a doorman and navy dietitian and vivian baxter johnson a nurse and card dealer 4 note 1 angelou s older brother bailey jr nicknamed marguerite maya derived from my or mya sister 5 when angelou was three and her brother four their parents calamitous marriage 6 ended and their father sent them to stamps arkansas alone by train to live with their paternal grandmother annie henderson in an astonishing exception 7 to the harsh economics of african americans of the time angelou s grandmother prospered financially during the great depression and world war ii because the general store she owned sold needed basic commodities and because she made wise and honest investments 4 note 2 and angelou s life has certainly been a full one from the hardscrabble depression era south to pimp prostitute supper club chanteuse performer in porgy and bess coordinator for martin luther king jr s southern christian leadership conference journalist in egypt and ghana in the heady days of decolonization comrade of malcolm x and eyewitness to the watts riots she knew king and malcolm billie holiday and abbey lincoln linguist john mcwhorter the new republic 9 mcwhorter p 36 to know her life story is to simultaneously wonder what on earth you have been doing with your own life and feel glad that you didn t have to go through half the things she has the guardian writer gary younge 2009 four years later the children s father came to stamps without warning 10 and returned them to their mother s care in st louis at the age of eight while living with her mother angelou was sexually abused and raped by her mother s boyfriend a man named freeman she told her brother who told the rest of their family freeman was found guilty but was jailed for only one day four days after his release he was murdered probably by angelou s uncles 11 angelou became mute for almost five years 12 believing as she stated i thought my voice killed him i killed that man because i told his name and then i thought i would never speak again because my voice would kill anyone 13 according to marcia ann gillespie and her colleagues who wrote a biography about angelou it was during this period of silence when angelou developed her extraordinary memory her love for books and literature and her ability to listen and observe the world around her 14 shortly after freeman s murder angelou and her brother were sent back to their grandmother 15 angelou credits a teacher and friend of her family mrs bertha flowers with helping her speak again flowers introduced her to authors such as charles dickens william shakespeare edgar allan poe douglas johnson and james weldon johnson authors who would affect her life and career as well as black female artists like frances harper anne spencer and jessie fauset 16 17 18 when angelou was 14 she and her brother moved in with their mother once again who had since moved to oakland california during world war ii angelou attended the california labor school before graduating she worked as the first black female streetcar conductor in san francisco 19 20 three weeks after completing school at the age of 17 she gave birth to her son clyde who later changed his name to guy johnson 21 22 career change change source angelou became a poet and writer after a series of jobs as a young adult including fry cook sex worker nightclub dancer and performer cast member of porgy and bess coordinator for the southern christian leadership conference and journalist in egypt and ghana during the decolonization of africa she was an actress director producer of plays movies and public television programs and writer in 1982 she earned the first lifetime reynolds professorship of american studies at wake forest university in winston salem north carolina angelou was active in the civil rights movement and worked with martin luther king jr and malcolm x beginning in the 1990s angelou made around 80 appearances a year on the lecture circuit something she continued into her eighties in 1993 angelou recited her poem on the pulse of morning 1993 at bill clinton s first inauguration making her the first poet to make an inaugural recitation since robert frost at john f kennedy s inauguration in 1961 with the publication of i know why the caged bird sings she publicly discussed aspects of her personal life she was respected as a spokesperson for black people and women and her works have been considered a defense of black culture her works are widely used in schools and universities worldwide though attempts have been made to ban her books from some u s libraries angelou s most celebrated works have been labeled as autobiographical fiction but many critics consider them to be autobiographies she made a deliberate attempt to challenge the common structure of the autobiography by critiquing changing and expanding the genre her books center on themes such as racism identity family and travel works change change source main article list of maya angelou works death change change source on may 28 2014 angelou died in her home in winston salem north carolina of natural causes at the age of 86 23 honors change change source in 2021 the united states mint announced that angelou would be among the first women shown on the reverse of the quarter as a part of the american women quarters series 24 25 the coins were released in january 2022 she is the first black woman to be seen on a quarter 26 related pages change change source list of poets from north america notes change change source angelou wrote about vivian baxter s life and their relationship in mom me mom 2013 her final installment in her series of seven autobiographies according to angelou annie henderson built her business with food stalls catering to black workers which eventually developed into a store 8 references change change source maya angelou swisseduc com december 17 2013 archived from the original on 2013 12 17 glover terry december 2009 dr maya angelou ebony vol 65 no 2 p 67 ferrer anne may 29 2014 angelou s optimism overcame hardships the star phoenix archived from the original on may 31 2014 retrieved may 30 2014 1 2 lupton p 4 angelou 1969 p 67 angelou 1969 p 6 johnson claudia 2008 introduction in johnson claudia ed racism in maya angelou s i know why the caged bird sings detroit michigan gale press p 11 isbn 978 0 7377 3905 3 angelou 1993 pp 21 24 mcwhorter john may 28 2014 saint maya angelou the product of a blissfully bygone america the new republic retrieved december 25 2016 angelou 1969 p 52 braxton joanne m 1999 maya angelou s i know why the caged bird sings a casebook oxford university press p 121 isbn 9780195116076 lupton p 5 maya angelou i know why the caged bird sings world book club bbc world service october 2005 retrieved december 17 2013 gillespie et al p 22 gillespie et al pp 21 22 angelou 1969 p 13 gillespie et al p 23 lupton p 15 gillespie et al p 28 10 surprising things you might not know about maya angelou bbc news retrieved may 29 2025 angelou 1969 p 279 long richard november 1 2005 35 who made a difference maya angelou smithsonian magazine archived from the original on november 5 2013 retrieved december 17 2013 dr maya angelou dead at 86 winston salem north carolina wxii12 com retrieved may 28 2014 american women quarters program united states mint 2021 08 02 retrieved 2021 08 19 u s mint to issue quarters honoring notable american women nbc news associated press june 17 2021 retrieved august 20 2021 mendoza jordan january 11 2022 maya angelou coins distributed by us mint make her first black woman to appear on quarters usa today retrieved 12 january 2022 other websites change change source media related to maya angelou at wikimedia commons this short article about a person from the united states can be made longer you can help wikipedia by adding to it authority control databases international isni 2 viaf fast worldcat national germany united states france bnf data japan italy australia czech republic spain portugal netherlands norway latvia croatia korea sweden poland israel catalonia belgium academics cinii artists musicbrainz grammy awards fid people trove deutsche biographie ddb other idref nara snac 2 yale lux retrieved from https simple wikipedia org w index php title maya_angelou oldid 10982232 categories 1928 births 2014 deaths american poets american autobiographers writers from st louis missouri maya angelou memoirists african american writers hidden categories commons category link from wikidata american people stubs this page was last changed on 2 september 2026 at 11 23 page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike license and the gfdl additional terms may apply see terms of use for details privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents maya angelou 113 languages add topic