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house was a bit imposing but the audience was incredibly supportive and laughed at most of my lame jokes please enjoy the video of my presentation or not i m afraid to spoil my memory of the event by seeing what actually transpired architecture pecha kucha structural engineer monday march 8 2010 the quiet war architecture and digital technologies posted by will it stand at 3 31 pm 0 comments two weeks ago i attended a lecture discussion led by tristan d estree sterk and douglas pancoast at the flatiron arts building in chicago both presenters are known for their forward thinking approach to digital technologies in architecture tristan founded a small design and technology enterprise called the office for robotic architectural media the bureau for responsive architecture orambra we met at the school of the art institute of chicago saic where we collaborated in teaching a studio on materials and structures douglas is now the director of the architecture and interior architecture graduate program at saic last fall douglas and tristan welcomed the association for computer aided design in architecture acadia to chicago for their annual conference the featured presenters delivered a diverse account of how technology is informing architecture however despite the enthusiasm brought by the acadia event some architects continued to question the long term effects of digital technologies on architecture with that history in mind i entered the recent lecture expecting a demonstration of technological superiority and an argument to adopt digital technologies or get left behind instead the discussion was far more nuanced and philosophical instead of merely presenting a few killer apps tristan and douglas attempted to articulate a polemic between new digital technologies and classical design theory the discussion that followed was intellectual and to be honest i had to look up some works like polemic when i got home polemic a controversial argument as one against some opinion doctrine etc after leaving the discussion i continued to ponder some of the points that were raised the following are my perceptions on two topics as inspired by the talk during the presentation tristan recalled another architects observation that western particularly christian culture establishes itself in competition with or supremacy over the environment many other cultures revere nature or worship the sustaining elements christianity from the earliest chapters of genesis places mankind above nature this line of thought is provocative and largely subconscious but not trivial when it comes to reconciling history sustainability and technology for example many new analytical procedures have been developed to model efficient heat and light distribution in buildings however skeptics refer back to old standards for sizing air conditioners and illuminating rooms they say that any other approach will be uncomfortable and more expensive as we enter a new age in design that seeks to be more sustainable architects must overcome skeptics and re shape the culture to accept greener norms another healthy discussion focused on the adaptability of buildings as machines for living an attendee pointed out that the flatiron arts building that the lecture was held at provided an example of how adaptable traditional design is to new uses the building began as a warehouse then was utilized for office space and now houses an eclectic group of art studios over time space has been partitioned into rooms of odd shapes and crooked hallways yet the inefficiency in the layout is recognized as a charming feature of the space ideally suited for its current residents would new super buildings serve such a diversity of purpose over time a building uniquely suited for one particular client may not over time maintain its relevance could the bilbao guggenheim ever be re purposed for anything other than a museum have some architects over utilized computer modeling to generate complex forms simply for the sake of looking modern before wholly embracing the digital revolution perhaps it is worthwhile to ponder the reasons for doing so i enjoyed the opportunity presented by tristan and douglas to consider the technological revolution occurring in architecture today architecture digital design flatiron arts building orambra saic saturday february 6 2010 achitects beyond posted by will it stand at 11 18 am 0 comments last thursday i attended the architects beyond lecture sponsored by the chicago young architec ts forum the event was held at hok s office in the south loop it was marketed as an evening of learning and networking four presenters spoke from their personal experiences of setting up new businesses three had left safe careers as building architects to follow their passion s in non traditional design arenas the first presenter set the theme architects and engineers are uniquely suited with skills that help us solv e problems and these skills need not be limited to building design her business was to help other entrepreneur s design a business plan to succeed in the market she emphasized that your compensation when starting out is 50 financial 50 experience and feedback http www tillcreative com nathan benjamin from planet reuse was up next he described his businesses niche in linking stockpiles of re usable building demolition materials with builders and specifiers planetreuse has evolved into a consulting and brokering company focused on providing the insight experience and materials its clients need with a well defined and efficient process planetreuse expertly matches materials with designers builders and owners to save projects money serve leed efforts and sustain the planet http planetreuse com a third speaker told of her unlikely transition from architecture to the world of fashion mohop shoes so named for the designer s last name are now among the most fashionable green products on the market it turns out that rhino can be used equally well to design a futuristic building as a comfortable sole just add a block of carefully selected timber and a cnc end mill and voila http www mohop com the over riding lesson is that architects and engineers have the toolset to take on any number of design challenges beyond buildings while many in attendance were a bit surprised to see an engineer at an aia event i was repeatedly encouraged to continue coming they had lots of questions and wanted to know how to encourage more participation by engineers i promised that i would do my part so if you re an engineer tired of hearing presentations about the latest in advanced non linear response of pre tensioned members consider attending some aia yaf events architect design entrepreneurship planetreuse sunday january 3 2010 will an unreinf conc dome stand posted by will it stand at 7 43 pm 1 comments few 1800 year olds look so good from within the rotunda of the pantheon you could be excused for thinking that the church was constructed just recently among all the remaining roman sites of the mediterranean the basilica is probably the most well preserved two features contributed greatly to the preservation its constant use as a place of worship and the incredible concrete enclosure that protects the interior from the elements constructed in 126 a d the pantheon very likely represents the height of roman structural engineering achievement in fact the 142 ft diameter cupola is still the largest unreinforced concrete dome in the world that record is in no jeopardy of being broken as no modern building code would permit such a structure without the use of at least a minimum of steel reinforcing and yet the pantheon stands today without any significant reinforcing to alter the original engineers design intent ancient engineers and architects found a synergy in form that provides a visual experience while enabling the structure to function weight was judiciously removed from the roof structure by including a 30 ft diameter oculus and coffered interior surface the oculus is simply a large hole in the ceiling that admits the only natural light into the space some might also interpret the opening as a spiritual window to the world of the gods the coffered sides of the dome provide a waffle shaped pattern that draws attention upward these two elements give the only outwardly apparent visual clues to the means of structural support several recent investigations have been undertaken to answer the mystery of the structure the most frequent citation found on online accounts of the pantheon follows mark r hutchinson p 1986 on the structure of the pantheon art bulletin 68 24 34 a nice online summary of those findings is presented by david moore p e at romanconcrete com some of the grandstanding is a bit unwarranted but it is definitely easy to get carries away when describing the achievement of the roman engineers to start with the original designers were accustomed to super sized structures and for all the delicacy portrayed within the pantheon interior the first rule of the construction is to build it big the strip foundation on which the curved building rests is about 34 ft wide the wall which supports the dome is about 20 ft thick however perhaps to reduce weight or provide behind the scenes storage space 8 large niches were created within the otherwise solid wall as usual arches are used to great effect to relieve distribute load to piers thus permitting the openings this great mass of wall was necessary to provide adequate resistance to the inevitable outward thrust of the dome no buttresses or perpendicular supporting structures were employed as was common in later medieval structures the dome itself is nearly 20 ft thick at its base and tapers to just 5 ft thick at the oculus a number of techniques were used to achieve the full span first a series of seven concentric rings of decreasing size were constructed one on top of the other like stacking incrementally smaller metal washers other authors have suggested that this form is likely borrowed from the very early structural development of the corbeled arch where a series of stones are stacked with each cantilevering slightly past the previous using this technique it s possible that the first stages of the dome were constructed without shoring down to the floor beyond the stepped region the shell becomes a smooth continuous surface this part of the dome in addition to the visible interior coffers was likely cast on formwork supported from below at the ring of the oculus the building materials change again here a combination of tile and metal plates provide the compression ring that resolves all of the forces acting at the apex of the dome the roman engineers impressively used the materials and methods available to them for maximum structural efficiency they even created special light weight concrete to reduce the overall weight of the dome the 85 lb ft3 pcf mix used at the top of the dome is approximately 40 lighter than today s normal weight concrete it s even lighter than most conventionally available lightweight concrete despite the selection of lightweight aggregates the engineers still achieved a compressive strength near 3000 lb in2 psi very near modern expectations for standard strength concrete it s also important to point out that the pozzolan binder used by the romans differs quite a bit from the portland cement we use today which requires a very high energy industrial process despite their best efforts cracks have been witnessed in the dome the papers i reference above go into detail about their possible origins they tend to equate the problem as one of excessive tensile hoop stresses near the base of the dome like a simple arch domes also convert vertical forces into horizontal pressure i prefer to think of the cracking in terms of the small displacement probably occurring at the top of the supporting wall stone and concrete we all know is not a flexible material the obvious solution to the problem would be to wrap the base of the dome with some form of tension ring essentially preventing it from spreading further however experts again disagree about when the cracks first appeared it s possible that they formed immediately after construction and the dome has stood for over 18 centuries since it s even possible that the ancient designers were aware of this phenomenon but anticipated it and compensated in the early construction phases barring a catastrophic seismic event raging fire or destructive conflict the roman pantheon seems to be in shape to survive many more centuries it is a credit to the initial work of the designers to plan such a robust and awe inspiring building that future generations would have such keen interest in maintenance and preservation the structural elegance of the rotunda will be an inspiration to engineers for many generations to come do you think that the pantheon should be reinforced to withstand possible seismic events or should the original design integrity be maintained are modern building codes overly prescriptive effectively stifiling innovation like that used at the pantheon should naturally occurring pozzolan binders used more often in modern building construction add your comments below ancient rome concrete corbel dome wednesday december 23 2009 will smart balloons change design posted by will it stand at 12 46 pm 0 comments at the 2009 acadia assoc for cad in architecture conference i was blown away by all the radical design ideas brought forth of them the most intriguing ideas imagined how new technologies could be used to create responsive structures buildings that could change shape and function in reaction to external stimuli ideas like this are more familiar in the robotics field but it turns out that simple mechanisms can be utilized to bring our buildings alive mehran gharleghi and his colleagues at studio integrate in london have been exploring the field of responsive structures their motivation was to apply simple light weight technologies to provide naturally ventilated and cooled spaces in hot sunny locations the following is a short description of their research on an adaptive pneus in their own words this research focuses on the performative capacities of a pneumatic material system in regard to the specific environmental conditions it explores a new approach that integrates form generation material behavior and capacity manufacturing and assembly to deliver a modulated environment suitable for occupation the focus of the design process and research was the use of adaptation as a mechanism to modulate environmental performance here adaptability relates to the responsive action that affects the performance of the whole building and therefore holds a much closer relationship to the biological and natural ideas of responsiveness location of the sun during the day acts as a trigger to adapt the system allowing the system to augment passively the environmental conditions detection and reaction are embedded...