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126 175 130 game console 137 24 176 game controller 177 rom cartridge 54 176 full motion video 130 online game 178 video game audio video game graphics 176 entertainment devices 129 flexible electronics 160 164 electronic reader e reader 164 flexible displays bendable display technology 160 electronic paper e paper 160 164 home entertainment 108 home video 139 image processing image processor 20 multimedia 179 optical disc players cd player 54 dvd player 54 147 portable media players walkman portable cd player portable video player 130 mp3 player 54 video video editing 176 video decoder chips for video and teletext decoding 19 power mosfet applications edit power mosfets are commonly used for a wide range of consumer electronics 101 106 power mosfets are widely used in the following consumer applications mobile phone battery charger a type of switched mode power supply smps ac adapter power mosfets are widely used in most smps power supplies 86 and mobile device ac adapters 180 adapters 104 ac adapter 180 automatic supply voltage adapters 97 air conditioning ac 94 audio technology loudspeakers 153 speaker drivers 100 high fidelity hi fi equipment public address system 153 electronic musical instruments 127 power supplies 106 cameras single lens reflex camera slr autofocus rewind 181 digital camera 172 display technology flat panel display fpd 99 120 display drivers for liquid crystal display lcd 182 and plasma display 97 television tv tv circuits 108 tv broadcasting 183 digital television dtv 172 power supplies 106 electric battery technology 130 184 battery chargers 97 104 99 rechargeable batteries 79 reverse battery protection 80 battery powered applications 106 184 mobile devices with long battery life 184 lithium ion battery lib technology 100 battery management system bms 185 battery protection 100 186 disconnect switches 100 electric fan 94 electric razors 97 heating electric heating 94 rf heating 124 140 138 home appliances major appliances 106 smart appliances 140 rf energy appliances kitchen appliances cooking appliances 141 defrosting 124 140 141 freezer refrigerator oven 141 microwave cooking 142 home entertainment equipment 108 internet 187 115 critical internet infrastructure 115 communications infrastructure 119 computer servers 106 world wide web www 184 internet of things iot 79 lighting 97 55 94 dimmable light switch 55 led lighting 106 light bulbs 94 smart lighting wireless light switch 142 light emitting diode led technology 144 94 led driver circuits led lamps led flashlights 144 led bulb 94 led dimmers 55 information and communications technology ict edit mosfets are fundamental to information and communications technology ict 188 189 including modern computers 187 126 18 modern computing 190 telecommunications the communications infrastructure 187 119 the internet 187 184 191 digital telephony 32 wireless telecommunications 87 88 and mobile networks 88 according to colinge the modern computer industry and digital telecommunication systems would not exist without the mosfet 126 advances in mos technology has been the most important contributing factor in the rapid rise of network bandwidth in telecommunication networks with bandwidth doubling every 18 months from bits per second to terabits per second edholm s law 192 computers edit personal computer pc with monitor keyboard and mouse mosfets are the basis for pcs 184 and also widely used in peripherals such as monitors keyboards printers speakers and optical mouse devices mosfets are commonly used in a wide range of computers and computing applications which include the following business machines 127 computer industry 126 175 pc market 184 computer graphics 193 graphics card 194 58 video memory 54 character generator 54 framebuffer 195 196 video ram vram 197 62 synchronous graphics ram sgram gddr sdram 62 computer hardware computer processor 184 computer memory computer data storage 28 computer power supply 108 instrument control 59 motherboard voltage regulator module vrm overclocking 194 controllers display controller peripheral controller tape drive control 198 ata controller 54 keyboard controller 24 198 peripherals 127 59 display monitor 150 computer keyboard 24 198 optical mouse 73 74 69 computer printers 54 laser printer 54 digital computers 128 computer terminals 150 59 128 cloud computing 79 147 mainframes multimedia computers supercomputers 54 server computers 54 115 workstations 54 176 personal computer pc 129 137 115 desktop computer 194 notebook computer 119 130 computer science 20 artificial intelligence ai neural network artificial neural network ann neural processing unit 20 199 feedback and feedforward neural networks maze solving algorithm 20 computer vision 20 optical character recognition ocr 146 augmented reality ar 200 computer stereo vision virtual reality vr 201 data centers 79 information technology it 79 mobile devices 88 mobile computers 172 handheld pc 202 personal digital assistant pda 202 130 smart devices 149 laptop 203 portable computer 204 tablet computer 178 parallel computing fine grained parallelism 20 word processors 54 telecommunications edit further information rf cmos applications apple iphone smartphone 2007 mosfets are the basis for smartphones each typically containing billions of mosfets 188 mosfets are commonly used in a wide range of telecommunications which include the following applications communication systems 54 139 broadband 205 206 207 data transmission 127 154 digital telecommunication 126 129 digital loop carriers 154 fibre optic communication 205 packet switching 208 206 207 telecommunication circuits 28 mobile devices 88 mobile communication 209 pager 203 cellular networks 172 cellular voice and data traffic 140 digital networks 130 gsm 81 2g 3g 87 4g 88 5g 88 104 mobile phones 54 139 smartphones 188 137 147 application processor flash memory cellular modem rf transceiver cmos image sensor power management ic display driver wireless communication sound chip gyroscope touchscreen controller 210 quantum communication quantum teleportation quantum information processing 211 telecommunications equipment 127 59 159 fax 179 modem 54 60 212 crosspoint switch mail sorter machine multimeter multiplexer push button signal receiver 159 optical fiber circuits 205 personal communications device 134 telecommunication networks 192 internet 187 184 internet infrastructure 115 the web 184 broadband internet 213 191 internet of things 79 58 online communication 147 online service search engine 178 social media 68 social communications infrastructure 187 telephone networks public switched telephone network pstn electronic switching system 154 telephone exchange 214 154 private branch exchange key telephone system telephone loop extender 154 digital switching network 32 integrated services digital network isdn 154 telephony telephone switching 215 digital telephony 32 voice mail digital tapeless answering machine pair gain multiplexer 154 telephones 216 139 push button telephone digital telephone speed dial 216 217 59 touch tone phone 218 payphone 159 cordless telephone 54 cell phone 119 digital phone digital telephone 154 camera phone 68 videophone 179 teleprinters 159 wireless technology wireless networks 88 219 wireless communication 31 base stations routers transceivers 88 baseband processors 220 221 end user terminals 222 alohanet 223 bluetooth wi fi satellite communication gps gps receiver near field communication 168 dect 224 wlan 225 radio technology radio frequency rf technology rf engineering rf power amplifier 88 radio frequency communication radio network 32 fm radio 167 mobile radio 159 radio transceiver rf cmos 31 rf switch 209 millimetre wave 205 digital radio packet radio 223 software defined radio sdr 226 car radio radio frequency identification 54 radio controlled model 203 radar 168 power mosfet applications edit further information ldmos applications computers 115 computer hardware motherboard video card overclocking 194 computer bus 227 computer power 106 power supply unit psu 108 central processing unit cpu power supply 115 computing 101 106 mobile computing 115 mobile devices 101 handheld computers mobile computer 172 notebook computer 119 106 tablet computer 106 peripherals 99 printers 99 data storage 147 embedded non volatile memory nvm electrically erasable programmable rom eeprom flash memory 55 hard disk drive hdd technology 99 motor drive 100 spindle speed control 55 internet 187 115 critical internet infrastructure 115 communications infrastructure 119 computer servers 106 world wide web www 184 internet of things iot 79 mobile devices 184 mobile communication 183 mobile computing 115 portable applications 100 smartphone 106 mobile networks 172 global system for mobile communications gsm 81 2g 3g 87 4g 88 5g 104 mobile phones 119 phone charger 106 radio 87 88 228 analog radio digital radio mobile radio digital mobile radio dmr 229 radio frequency rf technology rf circuits 87 88 radar 183 228 rf energy technology 148 140 143 telecommunications 192 183 106 telecommunications networks 192 data transmission 129 telecommunication circuits 28 military communications 230 rf power amplifier 88 104 cellular networks 172 cellular voice and data traffic 140 transceivers base station modules routers 88 104 telecommunications equipment 127 wireless technology wireless networks 87 88 219 base stations routers transceivers 88 104 satellite communication 183 wideband 183 230 insulated gate bipolar transistor igbt edit see also insulated gate bipolar transistor the insulated gate bipolar transistor igbt is a power transistor with characteristics of both a mosfet and bipolar junction transistor bjt 231 as of 2010 update the igbt is the second most widely used power transistor after the power mosfet the igbt accounts for 27 of the power transistor market second only to the power mosfet 53 and ahead of the rf amplifier 11 and bipolar junction transistor 9 232 the igbt is widely used in consumer electronics industrial technology the energy sector aerospace electronic devices and transportation the igbt is widely used in the following applications consumer electronics 233 battery charger multi function printer mfp 106 power factor correction pfc 234 household appliances 92 home appliance control 235 compressor 106 major appliances microwave ovens 234 induction cooking 106 induction cooking range dishwashers heat pumps 234 air conditioning refrigerators washing machines 235 small appliances vacuum cleaners induction cooktops rice cookers 234 food processors 234 blenders juicers 234 mixers 235 defense technology naval frequency changers shunt active power filters electric boats warships aircraft carriers nuclear submarines diesel electric submarines military vehicles military jets missile defense pulsed power 234 display technology flat panel display fpd plasma display 233 television tv cathode ray tube crt tv sets plasma tv sets voltage regulator circuits 234 heat pump 106 high voltage direct current hvdc telecommunications data centers 106 industrial technology 233 adjustable speed drive asd 233 pulse width modulation pwm 234 factory automation robotics 235 electric heating milling machines drilling machines metal industry paper mills electrostatic precipitator esp textile mills mining digging excavations 234 alternative energy systems renewable energy technology 233 coal fired power plants reduces annual carbon dioxide emissions by over 1 trillion pounds 235 electric motor drives 234 braking chopper 106 electric power transmission systems 233 energy storage 233 solar power solar panel 92 solar inverter solar assisted heat pump sahp 106 welding 234 106 welding power supply 106 inverters three phase inverter solar inverter 106 lighting 233 incandescent lamps light emitting diode led strobe light flashlights xenon short arc lamps stroboscopes dimmers rapid thermal annealing 234 fluorescent lighting 92 compact fluorescent lamps which reduce annual power consumption by an estimated 30 gigawatts 235 medical equipment 92 uninterruptible power supplies 235 computed tomography ct scanners defibrillators 235 234 automated external defibrillator aed x ray machines magnetic resonance imaging mri medical ultrasonography ultrasound synchrotron medical lasers 234 microwave technology 106 motor control 106 power supplies switched mode power supply smps uninterruptible power supply ups 235 106 switch 106 variable frequency drive vfd reduces annual power consumption by an estimated 70 gigawatts 235 quantum physics edit 2d electron gas and quantum hall effect edit main articles two dimensional electron gas and quantum hall effect a two dimensional electron gas 2deg is present when a mosfet is in inversion mode and is found directly beneath the gate oxide in quantum physics and quantum mechanics the mosfet is the basis for two dimensional electron gas 2deg 236 and the quantum hall effect 236 237 the mosfet enables physicists to study electron behavior in a two dimensional gas called a two dimensional electron gas in a mosfet conduction electrons travel in a thin surface layer and a gate voltage controls the number of charge carriers in this layer this allows researchers to explore quantum effects by operating high purity mosfets at liquid helium temperatures 236 in 1978 the gakushuin university researchers jun ichi wakabayashi and shinji kawaji observed the hall effect in experiments carried out on the inversion layer of mosfets 238 in 1980 klaus von klitzing working at the high magnetic field laboratory in grenoble with silicon based mosfet samples developed by michael pepper and gerhard dorda made the unexpected discovery of the quantum hall effect 236 237 quantum technology edit further information qfet the mosfet is used in quantum technology 239 a quantum field effect transistor qfet or quantum well field effect transistor qwfet is a type of mosfet 240 241 242 that takes advantage of quantum tunneling to greatly increase the speed of transistor operation 243 transportation edit mosfets are widely used in transportation 107 80 94 for example they are commonly used for automotive electronics in the automotive industry 68 55 mos technology is commonly used for a wide range of vehicles and transportation which include the following applications aircraft 147 128 on board computer 128 aircraft flight control system 54 electric aircraft 234 construction vehicles forklift mining vehicles 100 electric vehicle ev 91 gasoline powered vehicles 234 hybrid electric vehicle hev 234 gate drivers automatic door electric gate elevator escalator agricultural vehicles commercial vehicles electric bus e bus 106 marine propulsion 234 rail transport railway locomotive 233 bullet trains 92 235 electric tram subway train airport train electric locomotive diesel electric locomotive high speed rail hsr 234 traffic monitoring sensors car speed traffic jams traffic accidents 79 space industry spacecraft satellite 244 space research 245...
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